scholarly journals The Discriminative Efficacy of Retinal Characteristics on Two Traditional Chinese Syndromes in Association with Ischemic Stroke

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Y. Zhuo ◽  
J. M. Wu ◽  
L. Kuang ◽  
Y. M. Qu ◽  
B. Zee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Blood Stasis ◽  
Retinal Vessel ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Blood Stasis Syndrome ◽  
Syndrome Differentiation ◽  
Image Analysis System ◽  
Characteristic Analysis

We aimed to investigate the efficacy of an objective method using AI-based retinal characteristic analysis to automatically differentiate between two traditional Chinese syndromes that are associated with ischemic stroke. Inpatient clinical and retinal data were retrospectively retrieved from the archive of our hospital. Patients diagnosed with cerebral infarction in the department of acupuncture and moxibustion between 2014 and 2018 were examined. Of these, the patients with Qi deficiency blood stasis syndrome (QDBS) and phlegm stasis in channels (PSIC) syndrome were selected. Those without retinal photos were excluded. To measure and analyze the patients’ retinal vessel characteristics, we applied a patented AI-assisted automated retinal image analysis system developed by the Chinese University of Hong Kong. The demographic, clinical, and retinal information was compared between the QDBS and PSIC patients. The t-test and chi-squared test were used to analyze continuous data and categorical data, respectively. All the selected clinical information and retinal vessel measures were used to develop different discriminative models for QDBS and PSIC using logistic regression. Discriminative efficacy and model performances were evaluated by plotting a receiver operating characteristic curve. As compared to QDBS, the PSIC patients had a lower incidence of insomnia problems (46% versus 29% respectively, p=0.023) and a higher tortuosity index (0.45 ± 0.07 versus 0.47 ± 0.07, p=0.027). Moreover, the area under the curve of the logistic model showed that its discriminative efficacy based on both retinal and clinical characteristics was 86.7%, which was better than the model that employed retinal or clinical characteristics individually. Thus, the discriminative model using AI-assisted retinal characteristic analysis showed statistically significantly better performance in QDBS and PSIC syndrome differentiation among stroke patients. Therefore, we concluded that retinal characteristics added value to the clinical differentiation between QDBS and PSIC.

The therapeutic effect and mechanism of Qishen Yiqi dripping pills on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and diabetic complications

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunlai Zhao ◽  
Wenjia Wang ◽  
Kaijing Yan ◽  
He Sun ◽  
Jihong Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Diabetic Complications ◽  
Blood Stasis ◽  
Blood Stasis Syndrome ◽  
Syndrome Differentiation ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
The Common

: The alterations in vascular homeostasis is deeply involved in the development of numerous diseases, such as coronary heart disease, stroke, and diabetic complications. Changes in blood flow and endothelial permeability caused by vascular dysfunction are the common mechanisms for these three types of diseases. The disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism can result in changes of the energy production patterns in endothelium and surrounding cells which may consequently cause local energy metabolic disorders, oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) follows the principle of the “treatment by the syndrome differentiation”. TCM considers of that coronary heart disease, stroke and diabetes complications all as the type of “Qi deficiency and Blood stasis” syndrome, which mainly happens to the vascular system. Therefore, the common pathogenesis of these three types of diseases suggests the treatment strategy by TCM should be in a close manner and named as “treating different diseases by the same treatment”. Qishen Yiqi dripping pills is a modern Chinese herbal medicine which has been widely used for treatment of patients with coronary heart disease characterized as “Qi deficiency and blood stasis” in China. Recently, many clinical reports have demonstrated the potent therapeutic effects of Qishen Yiqi dripping pills on ischemic stroke and diabetic nephropathy. Based on these reports, we will summarize the clinical applications of Qishen Yiqi dripping pills on coronary heart disease, ischemic stroke and diabetic nephropathy, including the involved mechanisms with basic researches.

scholarly journals Role of Blood Stasis Syndrome of Kampo Medicine in the Early Pathogenic Stage of Atherosclerosis: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Akira Morita ◽  
Takao Namiki ◽  
Toshiya Nakaguchi ◽  
Kazunari Murai ◽  
Yuki Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Blood Stasis ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Kampo Medicine ◽  
Blood Stasis Syndrome ◽  
History Of

In Kampo medicine, blood stasis (BS) syndrome is strongly associated with microangiopathy and can lead to atherosclerosis. Vascular endothelial dysfunction (VED), evaluated through flow-mediated dilation (FMD), plays an important role in the early stages of atherosclerosis. However, the association of BS syndrome with VED, as determined using FMD, has not been reported. This study investigated the association between BS syndrome and VED using FMD. Forty-one patients with normal glucose tolerance or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and without macrovascular complications were evaluated using FMD from May 2017 to August 2017. Based on the BS score, the patients were divided into the non-BS (n = 19) and BS syndrome (n = 22) groups. Physical and background characteristics, physiological function test results, and laboratory data were compared. Univariate analysis revealed that FMD and a history of dyslipidemia/IGT were significantly different between the two groups ( p < 0.05 ). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that BS syndrome was significantly associated with FMD (odds ratio: 6.26; p = 0.03 ) after adjusting for the history of dyslipidemia/IGT. The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the area under the curve for BS syndrome (0.74; p < 0.001 ) and history of IGT ( p < 0.007 ) provided good diagnostic accuracy for FMD. The area under the curve for “BS syndrome + IGT” showed very good accuracy (0.80; p < 0.0001 ) and was higher than that for BS syndrome or IGT alone. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that the BS score in Kampo medicine could be a useful tool for detecting the early pathogenic stages of atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals Cervicocephalic Spotty Calcium for the Prediction of Coronary Atherosclerosis in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong Zheng ◽  
Shaozhen Yan ◽  
Fan Fu ◽  
Cheng Zhao ◽  
Daode Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Calcium Score ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Control Group

Purpose: To investigate the characteristics of cervicocephalic spotty calcium (SC) and coronary atherosclerosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and to assess the predictive value of SC for coronary atherosclerosis using combined coronary and cervicocephalic CTA.Materials and Methods: Patients with AIS (n = 70) confirmed by brain MRI or CT and patients with asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis (n = 58) confirmed by carotid ultrasonography were enrolled in our study. Subjects in both groups underwent combined coronary and cervicocephalic CTA. SC was used to evaluate cervicocephalic atherosclerosis. Coronary artery stenosis (CAS) ≥ 50% by segment and coronary artery calcium score (CACS) were used to evaluate coronary atherosclerosis. The SC frequency and the difference in coronary atherosclerosis between the two groups were compared, and the correlation between SC and coronary atherosclerosis was analyzed. Independent factors for CAS ≥ 50% were assessed via logistic regression analysis. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to evaluate the added value of SC for predicting CAS ≥ 50%.Results: Both SC and the CACS were significantly higher in the Stroke group than in the Control group (total SC count: 6.83 ± 4.34 vs. 2.98 ± 2.87, P &lt; 0.05; CACS: 477.04 ± 798.01 vs. 136.31 ± 205.65, P &lt; 0.05). There were significant differences in the presence of CAS ≥ 50% (61.4 vs. 27.6%, P &lt; 0.001). SC and coronary atherosclerosis were significantly correlated for both the CACS and CAS ≥ 50% (r = 0.746 and 0.715, respectively; P &lt; 0.001). SC was an independent predictor for CAS ≥ 50%.Conclusion: SC correlates significantly with the CACS and could serve as an independent predictor of CAS ≥ 50% in patients with AIS, which suggests that combined cerebrovascular and cardiovascular assessments are of importance for such patients.

scholarly journals The Clinical Relevance of Serum NDKA, NMDA, PARK7, and UFDP Levels with Phlegm-Heat Syndrome and Treatment Efficacy Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Acute Ischemic Stroke

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuxiu Han ◽  
Yonghong Gao ◽  
Bin Ma ◽  
Ying Gao ◽  
Yikun Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Blood Stasis ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Blood Stasis Syndrome ◽  
Efficacy Evaluation ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Tcm Syndrome ◽  
Heat Syndrome

According to the methods of Patient-Reported Outcome (PRO) based on the patient reports internationally and referring to U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guide, some scholars developed this PRO of stroke which is consistent with China’s national conditions, and using it the feel of stroke patients was introduced into the clinical efficacy evaluation system of stoke. “Ischemic Stroke TCM Syndrome Factor Diagnostic Scale (ISTSFDS)” and “Ischemic Stroke TCM Syndrome Factor Evaluation Scale (ISTSFES)” were by “Major State Basic Research Development Program of China (973 Program) (number 2003CB517102).” ISTSFDS can help to classify and diagnose the CM syndrome reasonably and objectively with application of syndrome factors. Six syndrome factors, internal-wind syndrome, internal-fire syndrome, phlegm-dampness syndrome, blood-stasis syndrome, qi-deficiency syndrome, and yin-deficiency syndrome, were included in ISTSFDS and ISTSFES. TCM syndrome factor was considered to be present if the score was greater than or equal to 10 according to ISTSFDS. In our study, patients with phlegm-heat syndrome were recruited, who met the diagnosis of both “phlegm-dampness” and “internal-fire” according to ISTSFDS. ISTSFES was used to assess the syndrome severity; in our study it was used to assess the severity of phlegm-heat syndrome (phlegm-heat syndrome scores = phlegm-dampness syndrome scores + internal-fire syndrome scores).

scholarly journals Differences in the Tongue Features of Primary Dysmenorrhea Patients and Controls over a Normal Menstrual Cycle

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihye Kim ◽  
Haebeom Lee ◽  
Hyunho Kim ◽  
Jong Yeol Kim ◽  
Keun Ho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Blood Stasis ◽  
Blood Stasis Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Image Analysis System ◽  
Tongue Coating ◽  
Primary Dysmenorrhea ◽  
Menstrual Phase ◽  
Research Information

Background. The aims of this study were to investigate the relationships between tongue features and the existence of menstrual pain and to provide basic information regarding the changes in tongue features during a menstrual cycle. Methods. This study was conducted at the Kyung Hee University Medical Center. Forty-eight eligible participants aged 20 to 29 years were enrolled and assigned to two groups according to their visual analogue scale (VAS) scores. Group A included 24 females suffering from primary dysmenorrhea (PD) caused by qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome with VAS ≥ 4. In contrast, Group B included 24 females with few premenstrual symptoms and VAS < 4. All participants completed four visits (menses-follicular-luteal-menses phases), and the tongue images were taken by using a computerized tongue image analysis system (CTIS). Results. The results revealed that the tongue coating color value and the tongue coating thickness in the PD group during the menstrual phase were significantly lower than those of the control group (P=0.031 and P=0.029, resp.). Conclusions. These results suggest that the tongue features obtained from the CTIS may serve as a supplementary means for the differentiation of syndromes and the evaluation of therapeutic effect and prognosis in PD. Trial Registration. This trial was registered with Clinical Research Information Service, registration number KCT0001604, registered on 27 August 2015.

scholarly journals BuqiTongluo Granule for Ischemic Stroke, Stable Angina Pectoris, Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy with Qi Deficiency and Blood Stasis Syndrome: Rationale and Novel Basket Design

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weidi Liu ◽  
Li Zhou ◽  
Luda Feng ◽  
Dandan Zhang ◽  
Chi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Angina Pectoris ◽  
Stable Angina ◽  
Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Blood Stasis ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Blood Stasis Syndrome ◽  
Stable Angina Pectoris ◽  
Basket Trial

Background: BuqiTongluo (BQTL) granules are herbal phenotypic drugs for Qi deficiency and blood stasis (QDBS) syndrome. Its discovery relied primarily on knowledge of observable phenotypic changes associated with diseases. Although BQTL granules have been widely advocated by Chinese Medicine (CM) practitioners, its use lacks empirical support.Aim of the study: In this basket trial, the efficacy of BQTL granules in multiple diseases that have the QDBS syndrome in common will be compared with placebo.Materials and Methods: The BuqiTongluo granule for Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome (BOSS) study is a basket herbal trial (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04408261). It will be a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel, multicenter, clinical trial. In total, 432 patients (1:1:1 ischemic stroke, stable angina pectoris, and diabetic peripheral neuropathy), who meet the operationalized diagnostic criteria for QDBS syndrome, have been recruited and randomized in a ratio of 1:1 to receive 6 weeks’ treatment with BQTL granules or placebo. The primary outcome is the change in the QDBS syndrome score at week 6 from baseline. Secondary outcomes include objective outcome measures for the three diseases and adverse events. Omics will help to understand these responses by molecular events.Conclusion: QDBS syndrome is a common phenotypic marker that was hypothesized to predict whether patients with multiple diseases would respond to this targeted therapy. No previous basket trial has assessed the potential efficacy of an herbal intervention for multiple diseases. The unique promise of the trial is its ability to exploit a disease phenotype to discover novel treatments for three diseases for which the root cause is unknown, complex, or multifactorial, and for which scientific understanding is insufficient to provide valid molecular targets.

Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome Distribution in Chronic Hepatitis B Populations: A Systematic Review

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (06) ◽  
pp. 1061-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Xi Zeng ◽  
Zhao-Xiang Bian ◽  
Tai-Xiang Wu ◽  
Shu-Fei Fu ◽  
Eric Ziea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Blood Stasis ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Blood Stasis Syndrome ◽  
Syndrome Differentiation

Many patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) seek help from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). TCM treatment is based on syndrome differentiation. This study aimed to investigate the syndrome distribution in populations of CHB patients. The pre-specific search strategy was set, and 93 studies (20,106 participants) were identified by electronic and hand searches. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed. Data on syndrome distribution and correlations between syndromes and severity of CHB, were extracted and analyzed. Forty-seven syndromes were identified under 24 different syndrome diagnosis systems for CHB. The majority of included studies reported Liver Depression and Spleen Deficiency (LDSD) (52.54% of studies) or Liver-Gallbladder Dampness Heat (LGDH)/Dampness-Heat Obstructing Middle Energizer (DHME) (32.20%) as the major syndromes in CHB patients without cirrhosis. Pooled analysis revealed that LDSD and LGDH/DHME accounted for 61.19% of participants without cirrhosis. In addition, Liver-Kidney Yin Deficiency (LKYinD) (40.99%) and Spleen-Kidney Yang Deficiency (SKYangD) (40.43%) syndromes were common in patients with severe CHB. The percentage of patients with Blood Stasis syndrome increased as the disease progressed to cirrhosis (32.09%). To conclude, LDSD and LGDH/DHME syndromes are found in a significant majority of CHB patients, particularly in the early stages. LKYinD, SKYangD and Blood Stasis dominate in patients at more advanced stages. More epidemiological studies of high methodological quality on syndrome distribution in CHB and standardization of syndrome differentiation for CHB are required to confirm the trends indicated by the studies reviewed here; confirming these trends can increase the efficacy of treatment and give guidance to doctors.

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