scholarly journals Differences in the Tongue Features of Primary Dysmenorrhea Patients and Controls over a Normal Menstrual Cycle

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihye Kim ◽  
Haebeom Lee ◽  
Hyunho Kim ◽  
Jong Yeol Kim ◽  
Keun Ho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Blood Stasis ◽  
Blood Stasis Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Image Analysis System ◽  
Tongue Coating ◽  
Primary Dysmenorrhea ◽  
Menstrual Phase ◽  
Research Information

Background. The aims of this study were to investigate the relationships between tongue features and the existence of menstrual pain and to provide basic information regarding the changes in tongue features during a menstrual cycle. Methods. This study was conducted at the Kyung Hee University Medical Center. Forty-eight eligible participants aged 20 to 29 years were enrolled and assigned to two groups according to their visual analogue scale (VAS) scores. Group A included 24 females suffering from primary dysmenorrhea (PD) caused by qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome with VAS ≥ 4. In contrast, Group B included 24 females with few premenstrual symptoms and VAS < 4. All participants completed four visits (menses-follicular-luteal-menses phases), and the tongue images were taken by using a computerized tongue image analysis system (CTIS). Results. The results revealed that the tongue coating color value and the tongue coating thickness in the PD group during the menstrual phase were significantly lower than those of the control group (P=0.031 and P=0.029, resp.). Conclusions. These results suggest that the tongue features obtained from the CTIS may serve as a supplementary means for the differentiation of syndromes and the evaluation of therapeutic effect and prognosis in PD. Trial Registration. This trial was registered with Clinical Research Information Service, registration number KCT0001604, registered on 27 August 2015.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Guizhi Fuling Wan for primary dysmenorrhea: protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Trials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Du ◽  
Yatong Li ◽  
Xianyun Fu ◽  
Chenjie Li ◽  
Lou Yanan
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Blood Stasis ◽  
The Self ◽  
Blood Stasis Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Primary Dysmenorrhea ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Self Rating

Abstract Background Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is one of the main gynecological complaints in women of child-bearing age, but limited effective treatments are available. Guizhi Fuling Wan (GFW), one of the most widely known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulations, has been commonly used in clinical practice to treat gynecological disorders in China. In recent years, a growing number of studies have shown that GFW is beneficial for patients with PD. However, the quality of evidence is limited, and there are few studies on specific TCM syndromes of GFW for PD. Therefore, we plan to conduct a randomized controlled trial to explore the efficacy and safety of GFW for PD patients with heat-burning blood-stasis syndrome. Methods and analysis The clinical study is a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. Eligible patients will be randomly assigned to the GFW group (treated with GFW) and the control group (treated with a matching placebo) in a 1:1 ratio for three menstrual cycles with a 3-month follow-up. The primary outcome will be the mean change of pain intensity measured by the visual analog scale (VAS). The secondary outcomes will include the Cox Menstrual Symptom Scale (CMSS), the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and the TCM syndrome scale. Adverse events will also be reported. Discussion This randomized trial will be the first rigorous study designed to assess the efficacy and safety of GFW in treating PD with heat-burning blood-stasis syndrome. The finding of this study will provide an objective clinical basis for the use of GFW for PD in the future. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2000034118. Registered on 24 June 2020

scholarly journals The Discriminative Efficacy of Retinal Characteristics on Two Traditional Chinese Syndromes in Association with Ischemic Stroke

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Y. Zhuo ◽  
J. M. Wu ◽  
L. Kuang ◽  
Y. M. Qu ◽  
B. Zee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Blood Stasis ◽  
Retinal Vessel ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Blood Stasis Syndrome ◽  
Syndrome Differentiation ◽  
Image Analysis System ◽  
Characteristic Analysis

We aimed to investigate the efficacy of an objective method using AI-based retinal characteristic analysis to automatically differentiate between two traditional Chinese syndromes that are associated with ischemic stroke. Inpatient clinical and retinal data were retrospectively retrieved from the archive of our hospital. Patients diagnosed with cerebral infarction in the department of acupuncture and moxibustion between 2014 and 2018 were examined. Of these, the patients with Qi deficiency blood stasis syndrome (QDBS) and phlegm stasis in channels (PSIC) syndrome were selected. Those without retinal photos were excluded. To measure and analyze the patients’ retinal vessel characteristics, we applied a patented AI-assisted automated retinal image analysis system developed by the Chinese University of Hong Kong. The demographic, clinical, and retinal information was compared between the QDBS and PSIC patients. The t-test and chi-squared test were used to analyze continuous data and categorical data, respectively. All the selected clinical information and retinal vessel measures were used to develop different discriminative models for QDBS and PSIC using logistic regression. Discriminative efficacy and model performances were evaluated by plotting a receiver operating characteristic curve. As compared to QDBS, the PSIC patients had a lower incidence of insomnia problems (46% versus 29% respectively, p=0.023) and a higher tortuosity index (0.45 ± 0.07 versus 0.47 ± 0.07, p=0.027). Moreover, the area under the curve of the logistic model showed that its discriminative efficacy based on both retinal and clinical characteristics was 86.7%, which was better than the model that employed retinal or clinical characteristics individually. Thus, the discriminative model using AI-assisted retinal characteristic analysis showed statistically significantly better performance in QDBS and PSIC syndrome differentiation among stroke patients. Therefore, we concluded that retinal characteristics added value to the clinical differentiation between QDBS and PSIC.

scholarly journals EXPRESS: Bufei Huoxue Capsules in the management of convalescent COVID-19 infection: study protocol for a multicentre, double-blind, and randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 204589402110321
Author(s):  
Yuqin Chen ◽  
Wenjun He ◽  
Wenju Lu ◽  
Yue Xing ◽  
Jianling Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Blood Stasis ◽  
Blood Stasis Syndrome ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Number Of Patients

Up to the 30th May, 2021, the cumulative number of patients diagnosed with Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) globally has exceeded 170 million, with more than 152 million patients recovered from COVID-19. However, the long-term effect of the virus infection on the human body’s function is unknown for convalescent patients. It was reported that about 63% of COVID-19 patients had observable lung damage on CT scans after being released from the hospital. Bufei Huoxue Capsules (BFHX), including three active ingredients of traditional Chinese herbal medicine, has been used clinically to prevent and treat pulmonary heart diseases with Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome. Some small-scale clinical trials have found that BFHX can improve lung ventilation function, reduce blood viscosity, and improve cardiopulmonary function. However, the efficacy and safety of BFHX in the treatment of the recovery phase of COVID-19 are unknown. This study is a multicentre, double-blinded, randomized, controlled trial. Subjects with convalescent COVID-19 were randomized (1:1) into either a BFHX or control group and observed for 3months concomitant with receiving routine treatment. The primary efficacy indicators are the evaluation results and changes of the St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) score, Fatigue Assessment Inventory (FAI), and 6-minute walk distance (6MWD). Based on the intention-to-treat (ITT) principle, all randomly assigned participants will be included in the statistical analysis. The last visit’s outcomes will be used as the final outcomes for participants who prematurely withdraw from the trial. Per protocol set will pick up from the full analysis set for analysis. Efficacy analysis will be performed on the ITT datasets and per-protocol datasets. Prior to participation, all subjects provided written informed consent. Results will be disseminated at medical conferences and in journal publications. We aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of BFHX for the treatment of the convalescent COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals Metabolomics-Based Study of Clinical and Animal Plasma Samples in Coronary Heart Disease with Blood Stasis Syndrome

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huihui Zhao ◽  
Jianxin Chen ◽  
Qi Shi ◽  
Xueling Ma ◽  
Yi Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Blood Stasis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Blood Stasis Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Swine Model ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
And Control

The aim of this study is to explore a bridge connecting the mechanism basis and macro syndromes of coronary heart disease with experimental animal models. GC-MS technique was used to detect the metabolites of plasma samples in mini swine models with myocardial infarction (MI) and patients with unstable angina (UA). 30 metabolites were detected in the plasma samples of more than 50 percent of model group and control group in swine, while 37 metabolites were found in the plasma samples of UA patients and healthy control group. 21 metabolites in the plasma samples of swine model and 20 metabolites in patients with UA were found of significant value. Among which, 8 shared metabolites were found of low level expression in both swine model and UA patients. Independent Student’st-test, principal component analysis (PCA), and hierarchicalcluster analysis (HCA) were orderly applied to comprehend inner rules of variables in the data. The 8 shared metabolites could take place of the 21 or 20 metabolites in classification of swine model with MI and UA patients, which could be considered as a bridge connecting the mechanism basis and macrosyndromes of swine model with MI and UA patients.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Effect and Mechanism Study of Rhodiola wallichiana var. cholaensis Injection to Acute Blood Stasis Using Metabolomics Based on UPLC-Q/TOF-MS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Ran ◽  
Zhiqiang Pang ◽  
Xuewa Guan ◽  
Guoqiang Wang ◽  
Jinping Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Blood Stasis ◽  
Blood Stasis Syndrome ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Model Control

In traditional Chinese medicine theory, blood stasis syndrome (BSS), characterized by blood flow retardation and blood stagnation, is one of the main pathologic mechanisms and clinical syndromes of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Rhodiola wallichiana var. cholaensis injection (RWCI) is made from dry roots and stems of RWC via the processes of decoction, alcohol precipitation, filtration, and dilution. Studies indicated the extracts of RWC could alleviate CVDs; however, the mechanism had not been illustrated. In the present study, the acute blood stasis rat model was established to investigate the pathogenesis of BSS and the therapeutic mechanism of RWCI against BSS. Hemorheological parameters (whole blood viscosity and plasma viscosity) and inflammatory factors (TNF-α and IL-6) were used to evaluate the success of the BSS rat model and RWCI efficacy. 14 and 33 differential metabolites were identified from plasma and urine samples using the metabolomics approach based on ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The results of multivariate analysis displayed that there were significant separations among model, control, and treatment groups, but the high-dose RWCI treatment group was closer to the control group. 9 perturbed metabolic pathways were related to BSS’s development and RWCI intervention. 5 metabolic pathways (arachidonic acid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, retinol metabolism, and steroid hormone biosynthesis) showed apparent correlations. These differential metabolites and perturbed metabolic pathways might provide a novel view to understand the pathogenesis of BSS and the pharmacological mechanism of RWCI.

scholarly journals Establishment of Mouse Models of Psoriasis with Blood Stasis Syndrome Complicated with Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Luo ◽  
Yi Ru ◽  
Huaibo Zhao ◽  
Liu Liu ◽  
Seokgyeong Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Mouse Models ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Blood Stasis ◽  
Blood Stasis Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Sugar ◽  
Glucose And Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Lipid Metabolism Disorders

Background. Psoriasis has been reported as a high-risk factor for quality of life and survival rate in patients with metabolic disorder. However, there is no animal model for studying this disease. This study aimed to establish and evaluate mouse models of psoriasis with blood stasis syndrome (which is a key to psoriasis pathogenesis, according to Chinese Medicine) complicated with metabolic disorders. Method. Forty-five C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the blank control (Control), psoriasis (Imiquimod (IMQ)), psoriasis with metabolic disorders (IMQ + streptozotocin (STZ)), psoriasis with blood stasis syndrome (BSS) (IMQ + BSS), and psoriasis with blood stasis syndrome complicated with metabolic disorders (IMQ + STZ + BSS) groups (n = 9 mice/group). Psoriasis lesions were induced using IMQ cream (on both the ears and back, except in the Control group). Mice of the IMQ + BSS group were fed a half-fat, high-sugar diet and stimulated with ice-water swimming every day. Mice of the IMQ + STZ group were fed a half-fat, high-sugar diet and injected with STZ. Mice of the IMQ + STZ + BSS group were subjected to the same treatments as the IMQ + STZ and IMQ + BSS groups. After induction, the mice in each group were observed for vital signs, ear thickness, body weight, and psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) score. The mice were fasted for 12 h before determination of related laboratory serum indexes. Dorsal skin lesions, aortic arch pathology sections, and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) were examined by H&E staining and immunohistochemistry. Results. Laboratory indexes in the four model groups were significantly different from those in the Control group (p<0.01); indicators of the IMQ + STZ, IMQ + BSS, and IMQ + STZ + BSS groups showed varying degrees of difference from those of the IMQ group. Conclusions. The established mouse models of psoriasis blood stasis syndrome complicated with glucose and lipid metabolism disorders met the clinical and Chinese Medicine characteristics, and thus they could be used as animal models in future studies of psoriasis complicated with glucose and lipid metabolism disorders.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Guizhi Fuling Wan for Primary dysmenorrhea: protocol for a randomised controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Du Yun ◽  
Yatong Li ◽  
Xianyun Fu ◽  
Yanan Luo ◽  
Chenjie Li
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Blood Stasis ◽  
The Self ◽  
Blood Stasis Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Self Rating ◽  
Double Blinded

Abstract BackgroundPrimary dysmenorrhea (PD) is one of main gynecological complaints in women of child-bearing age, but there are limited effective treatments available. Guizhi Fuling Wan (GFW), one of the most widely known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) herbal formulas, has been the treatment of choice for gynecological disease in China. A growing number of studies have shown that GFW is beneficial for patients with PD. However, the quality of evidence is limited, and there are few studies on the treatment of PD by GFW with specific TCM syndromes. Therefor we will conduct a randomized controlled trial to explore the efficacy and safety of GFW for PD patients with heat-burning blood-stasis syndrome.Methods and analysisThis study is designed as a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Eligible patients will be randomly assigned to the GFW group (patients receive GFW) and the control group (patients receive a matching placebo) in a 1:1 ratio. The participants will receive either GFW or placebo, twice daily for 3 menstrual cycles with a 3-month follow-up. The primary outcome is the pain intensity reduction measured by a Visual Analog Scale. The secondary outcomes is the Cox Menstrual Symptom Scale, the Self-rating Depression Scale, the Self-rating Anxiety Scale, the 12-item Short-Form Health Survey and the dysmenorrhea diarymenstrual pain.. All outcomes are assessed at baseline, and the 4th, 8th, and 12th week during the interventions, as well as at the 16th, 20th and 24th week follow-up. Any adverse events will be recorded throughout the study.DiscussionThis is the first double-blinded RCT to assess the effectiveness and safety of GFW in treating PD with the heat-burning blood-stasis syndrome. The scientific and rigorous methodology design of this trial will provide significant evidence regarding the use of GFW to treat PD in future.Trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry, ID: ChiCTR2000034118. Regisrered on 25 June 2020.

scholarly journals Effects of Modified Wenjing Decoction Combined with Online Publicity and Education on the Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea of Cold Coagulation and Blood Stasis

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Na Li ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Pengpeng Gai
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Blood Stasis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Primary Dysmenorrhea ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Associated Symptoms ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Control ◽  
Cold Coagulation

Objective. To explore the effects of modified Wenjing decoction combined with online publicity and education on the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea of cold coagulation and blood stasis. Methods. The materials of 111 patients with primary dysmenorrhea of cold coagulation and blood stasis in the outpatient department (January 2019–June 2021) were collected to conduct the retrospective study. The 111 patients were randomized into treatment group (n = 59) and control group (n = 52). The control group received online publicity and education and conventional treatment, and the treatment group received online publicity and education and modified Wenjing decoction. The patients in the two groups were continuously treated for three menstrual cycles. The treatment effects, the dosage of analgesics, the scores of associated symptoms before and after treatment, and other indexes were compared between the two groups. Results. The differences in the efficacy on abdominal pain were statistically significant between the two groups P < 0.05 . Compared with the control group, the treatment group had lower scores of associated symptoms after treatment p < 0.5 . After the treatment of three menstrual cycles, 54 patients in the treatment group stopped taking ibuprofen, and the average ibuprofen dosage of the other 5 patients was (0.24 ± 0.16)g. The 52 patients in the control group still needed to take ibuprofen, and the mean dosage was (0.51 ± 0.05)g. The differences in the ibuprofen dosage between the two groups had remarkable difference P < 0.001 . Conclusion. Modified Wenjing decoction combined with online publicity and education can obviously improve the clinical symptoms of the patients with primary dysmenorrhea of cold coagulation and blood stasis and reduce the dosage of analgesics. It is worth promoting and applying in practice.

scholarly journals Psychological characteristics of patients with primary dysmenorrhea

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (5) ◽  
pp. 760-767
Author(s):  
E V Makaricheva ◽  
M S Burguvan
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Coping Behavior ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Primary Dysmenorrhea ◽  
And Control ◽  
Psychological Defenses

Aim. To study the psychological characteristics of women with primary dysmenorrhea. Methods. We examined 77 women of childbearing age, divided into the main (40 women) and control (37 women) groups. The criterion for inclusion in the main group was a clinically confirmed diagnosis of primary dysmenorrhea with a regular menstrual cycle. The exclusion criteria were an organic gynecological pathology, a diagnosis of secondary dysmenorrhea and an irregular menstrual cycle. The criterion for inclusion in the control group was absolute painlessness of menstruation and the absence of gynecological diseases. The survey was conducted using psychodiagnostic techniques: a method for self-assessment of anxiety, rigidity, and extroversion; test Express diagnosis of the level of self-esteem; a technique for studying accentuation of personality traits; test-questionnaire of psychological defense mechanisms Life Style Index; questionnaire Methods of coping behavior, statistical methods. Also, a specially developed questionnaire was used, including questions related to socio-psychological parameters, as well as the nature and intensity of pain. Results. Significant differences between the groups characterizing coping strategies were found: distance (p 0.002); escape-avoidance (p 0.029); psychological defenses: denial (p 0.006), regression (p 0.011). The subjects of the main group were characterized by significantly high anxiety levels (p 0.020) with the average score 47.21.15 corresponding to a hyperanxious and low self-esteem (p 0.001) with the average score 30.11.43 compared to women in the control group: 42.71.53 average anxiety level and 27.41.31 normal self-esteem. Conclusion. The features of the relationship of the psychological characteristics of women with primary dysmenorrhea were revealed; it was proved that the subjects of the main and control groups differ in the features of coping behavior, psychological defenses and accentuation of personality traits, and also have reliably distinguishable levels of anxiety and self-esteem.

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