scholarly journals Neuroprosthesis Devices Based on Micro- and Nanosensors: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Josefina Gutiérrez-Martínez ◽  
Cinthya Toledo-Peral ◽  
Jorge Mercado-Gutiérrez ◽  
Arturo Vera-Hernández ◽  
Lorenzo Leija-Salas
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Pacemakers ◽  
Study Selection ◽  
Low Energy Consumption ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Neural Dysfunctions ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Deep Brain ◽  
Made In ◽  
Potential Profit

Background. A neuroprosthesis (NP) is a medical device that compensates and restores functionality of neural dysfunctions affected by different pathologies and conditions. To this end, an implantable NP (INP) must monitor and electrically stimulate neuronal small structures in the peripheral and central nervous system. Therefore, one of the most important parts of INPs are the sensors and electrodes since their size, resolution, and material are key for their design and performance. Currently, most of the studies focus only on the INP application but do not show the technical considerations of the sensors. Objective. This paper is a systematic literature review that summarizes and synthesizes implantable micro- and nanosensors/electrodes used in INPs for sensing and stimulating tissues. Data Sources. Articles and patents published in English were searched from electronic databases. No restrictions were made in terms of country or journal. Study Selection. All reports related to sensors/electrodes applied in INPs were included, focusing on micro- and nanotechnologies. Main Outcome Measures. Performance and potential profit. Results. There was a total of 153 selected articles from the 2010 to June 2020 period, of which 16 were about cardiac pacemakers, 15 cochlear implants, 13 retinal prosthesis, 31 deep brain stimulation, 6 bladder implants, and 18 implantable motor NPs. All those INPs are used for support or recovery of neural functions for hearing, seeing, pacing, and motor control, as well as bladder and bowel control. Micro- and nanosensors for signal stimulation and recording have four special requirements to meet: biocompatibility, long-term reliability, high selectivity, and low-energy consumption. Current and future considerations in sensor/electrode design should focus on improving efficiency and safety. This review is a first approximation for those who work on INP design; it offers an idea of the complexity on the matter and can guide them to specific references on the subject.

scholarly journals The Resilience of Indonesia’s State Budget against Central Government Debt

2020 ◽  
Vol 006 (02) ◽  
pp. 325-330
Author(s):  
Nugroho Suryo Bintoro
Keyword(s):  
Government Spending ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Government Debt ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
State Budget ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government ◽  
Term Data ◽  
Made In

The growth of central government debt in Indonesia is the subject of endless discussion for both economists and experts in other fields. Although the government uses this debt in order to increase Indonesia's competence through infrastructure development, there are problems in the form of previous accumulated debts. This accumulative debt is known as the concept of “debt stock” which is assessed through Indonesia's fiscal resilience (APBN) to measure the repayment capacity of new debts that will be made in the future. This ability will be seen using long-term data from 1990 to 2016 which is reflected in the variables of central government debt, government spending and revenue so that it is known that Indonesia's central government debt can still be said to be sustainable and the Indonesian government should prioritize productive expenditures in order to increase government revenues.

Design and Performance of an Expressway Constructed Over Peat by Preloading

1972 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laval Samson ◽  
Pierre La Rochelle
Keyword(s):  
Field Tests ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
The North ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Remarkable Agreement ◽  
Oedometer Tests ◽  
Compressibility Characteristics ◽  
Made In

This paper presents the complete record of the laboratory investigations and field observations made in conjunction with the construction of expressway embankments built by preloading over a muskeg. The peat deposit, located on the north shore of the Saint-Laurent River, was initially 10–19 ft (3.0–5.8 m) thick and is underlain by sand. Settlements of the highway fills ranging from 5 to 11 ft (1.5 to 3.3 m) were measured during construction.Laboratory and field tests were performed before and during construction. Field vane tests made at the end of the preloading stage indicated a considerable gain in the shear strength as a result of consolidation. Compressibility characteristics of the peat measured in the laboratory are compared with the field behavior.Periodical field level observations were taken during the 4 years after the removal of the temporary surcharge and have shown that the highway embankments heaved 2–3 in. (5.0–7.5 cm) over a period of 12 months at a gradually decreasing rate. The rebound was followed by long-term secondary settlements totaling 0.5–1.5 in. (1.3–3.8 cm) over the following 3 years of observations. Analysis of the settlement records shows that preloading has been beneficial in reducing the coefficient of secondary compression of the peat. Preloading was simulated in the laboratory by means of oedometer tests on peat samples; both the laboratory results and the field observations revealed a remarkable agreement between the duration of the surcharge stage and the time for rebound to be complete after removal of the surcharge.

scholarly journals REALITA AND THE VILLAGE FUNDS IN INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 158-164
Author(s):  
Farid Th. Musa ◽  
Yudianto R. Takuloe
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Village ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Made In

Village funds are a form of the Republic of Indonesia's government program which launched the concept of Building Indonesia from Pingiran. This program is closely related to the empowerment of rural communities to improve community welfare. The budget, which has been launched in the amount of billions of rupiah for rural communities, is expected to bring changes in their daily lives. Community involvement in this program is intended so that the community is no longer the object of development but becomes the subject of development. On the other hand, village funds also have a negative effect, namely misuse of these funds by village officials. To explore the reality of this village fund, data on the use of funds has been used since its inception until now. To reveal this phenomenon, a study is needed to reveal the usage. This research was conducted in Gorontalo Regency which has 18 Districts, 191 Villages, which quantitatively has the largest number of villages in Gorontalo Province. Another thing about the selection of Gorontalo District as a research location is based on the consideration of having a coastal village and an agricultural village. The existence of these two villages is interesting to conduct research on village funds. In this study using qualitative methods with data collection stages, namely: initial observation, interviews and documents. The data analysis used was Huberman and Miles. The choice of the analysis method is based on the consideration of uncovering a phenomenon and nomena, which requires the researcher to directly associate and live with the community to be studied.Efforts made in the use of village funds are oriented towards long-term needs

scholarly journals Globalization and Foreign Direct Investment in the Textile, Garment, and Leather Industry

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-18
Author(s):  
Janina Witkowska
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Leather Industry ◽  
Foreign Investments ◽  
World Economic ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Made In

The subject of this paper is analysis and assessment of foreign direct investment (FDI) as made by transnational corporations in the textile, garment, and leather industry on a world economic scale under conditions of globalization. Significant changes are occurring in the sector and industry structure of global FDI. In terms of the three sectors of the economy, a long-term shift of FDI to the service sector at a cost to investments in manufacturing may be seen. Foreign investments are being made in the textile, garment, and leather industry. They are growing in the long term. However, the dynamics of the FDI streams flowing to this industry is one of the lowest in manufacturing. Over the long term (1990-2007), the share of the textile, garment, and leather industry in global FDI stock decreased from 1.5% to 0.6% in 2007. In spite of the labour-intensive character of this industry, in their bulk, the FDI are destined to the highly developed countries.

scholarly journals Theory Of Multiperiodic RR Lyrae Stars

1976 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 153-165
Author(s):  
R. F. Stellingwerf
Keyword(s):  
Rr Lyrae Stars ◽  
Simultaneous Excitation ◽  
Rr Lyrae ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Blazhko Effect ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Lyrae Stars ◽  
Current Pulsation ◽  
Made In

The subject “Multiperiodic RR Lyrae Stars” encompasses two entirely different types of phenomena: 1) long-term modulation of amplitude known as the Blazhko-effect and 2) simultaneous excitation of several radial modes. In the first category the observational material is now quite extensive, but very little theoretical analysis has been undertaken. In the second case the results of pulsation theory are applicable, but only one such object has been found. Much progress in our understanding of RR Lyrae stars has been made in recent years, however, and many results do have a bearing on the present problem. Several excellent reviews of current pulsation theory are available (see Iben 1971c, or Cox 1974a,b). I will therefore restrict my comments to those results bearing directly on choice of mode for RR Lyrae stars.

scholarly journals Combined Implant and Tooth Support: An Up-to-Date Comprehensive Overview

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud K. Al-Omiri ◽  
Maher Al-Masri ◽  
Mohannad M. Alhijawi ◽  
Edward Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
Study Selection ◽  
The Subject

Objectives. This article presents a review on the concerned topics and some considerations related to the concept of splinting teeth and implants in the rehabilitation of partial edentulism.Study Selection. An electronic PubMed/MEDLINE and manual search of identified articles and reviews as well as clinical, laboratory, and finite element studies was performed in this project. Due to the shortage in within-subject, long term, randomized, controlled clinical trials regarding the subject a meta-analysis was not possible.Results. Although surrounded with some controversy, joining teeth and implants during the rehabilitation of partial edentulism provides the clinicians with more treatment options where proprioception and bone volume are maintained and distal cantilevers and free end saddles are eliminated. It makes the treatment less complex, of less cost, and more acceptable for the patient.Conclusions. Whenever suitable and justified, combining implant and tooth support might be recommended as an alternative during rehabilitation of partial edentulism. Based on the literature, clinical tips and suggestions were recommended to increase the success of this treatment.

Obtaining Value and Performance by Managing Effectively the Customers’ Complaints

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Mircea Constantin Duica ◽  
Nicoleta Valentina Florea ◽  
Tiberiu Alexandru Dobrescu
Keyword(s):  
Negative Feedback ◽  
Objective Information ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Amount Of Knowledge ◽  
Willingness To Recommend ◽  
Made In ◽  
The Way

Abstract Customers’ complaints represent an opportunity for any organization who wants to improve relationship with customers, to find out the problems existing into organization and the way to solve them, to improve the amount of knowledge and the desire, beliefs, and needs of customers. All those are made in order to increase value for organization and also for the customers. Having objective information, updated, clear and sincere, the organization may improve the quality of their products and services it offers. Thus, any complaints may be regarded as a gift not as a negative feedback from the customers, or as a two-way feedback based on trust and collaboration. A gift which will bring performance on long term based on win-win situations. In this article we will disseminate the literature in the field and also we will analyze the results of a research made on 150 respondents who analyzed 10 institutions, the willingness to recommend them to other customers and the problem existing into these institutions, making a plan to overcome them. The objective of this analysis is to understand the role of customers’ complaints in improving the quality of the products and services and of the value obtained both for customers and organizations.

scholarly journals INTEGRATED REPORTING AND PERFORMANCE. A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (30 (1)) ◽  
pp. 344-352
Author(s):  
Bianca Baditoiu ◽  
Valentin Partenie Munteanu ◽  
Alexandru Buglea
Keyword(s):  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Natural Capital ◽  
Strategic Communication ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Integrated Reporting ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Performance ◽  
International Integrated Reporting Council

This paper consists of an analysis of scientific works with respect to the subject of integrated reporting and its connection with the performance topic. Integrated reporting, implemented by the International Integrated Reporting Council, represents a strategic communication regarding various resources of the organizations, their relationship with all stakeholders and their capitals (financial, manufactured, intellectual, human, social and relationship, and natural capital) created over time. This new form of reporting is adopted by different organizations in many countries nowadays, yet there are some inconsistencies, especially in terms of insufficient clarification of the concept, both conceptually and procedurally (regarding the adoption of the International Framework), as well as the opportunities and real benefits of its implementation. As the number of studies on integrated reporting in the last decade also substantially increased, while many evidences find themselves in conflict, it raises the need to highlight the main common subjects related to this theme. Thus, by means of bibliometric analysis, this study qualitatively analyses 262 references from the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection Database, while addressing the research tools provided by the VOSviewer similarities visualization program and screening the existing specialty literature. The focus of the study is on co-occurrence of keywords, co-authorship and co-citation in the research field of integrated reporting and its performance and it reflects the most common concepts associated with these terms and the authors, organizations and countries that researched these themes. The results of the study revealed the large areas in which integrated reporting exerts its influence and the implications in both the social and the economic sphere, while highlighting the need of a long term organizational change with this respect.

scholarly journals Comparison of Valuation of Financial Instruments according to the International and Czech Accounting Standards in the Context of Performance Reporting

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-49
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Sedláček
Keyword(s):  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
International Accounting Standards ◽  
Financial Instruments ◽  
Performance Reporting ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Made In

The paper is devoted to a comparison of the valuation of financial instruments according to the international and Czech accounting standards in the context of performance reporting of trade corporations. Differences in valuation and reporting of financial instruments are examined in connection with the upcoming amendments to the international accounting standards, which are currently the subject of scientific and expert discussions. The research focused on the comparison of classification methods of financial instruments according to the international and Czech standards and the resultant methods of recognition, valuation and reporting with the aim of identifying possible differences. The research arrived at the discovery of what causes the differences and the assessment of their impact on the financial statements of trade corporations. A different concept of accruals on long-term receivables and variant calculations of present value affected the amount of the reported balance sheet as well as performance. Calculations of specific values of differences in financial instruments are made in two model examples in the categories Held-to-maturity investments (HTMI) and Loans and receivables (L&R), both from the viewpoint of owners, as well as from the perspective of debtors. The development of these differences in time is described graphically. The differences in the reported values manifested themselves in overvaluation or undervaluation during the life of the financial instrument, but the values were identical at the time of their maturity. It has been proved that differences between the reported financial situation and the performance of trade corporations persist even after the amendment to the Czech accounting legislation, and it is necessary to take them into account in financial analysis.

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