Robust Assessment on the Developments of Three Extended Exponential Models with Some New Properties and Applications

The extended exponential distribution introduced by Nadarajah and Haghighi in the year 2011, which is nowadays well known as NH distribution, has received increased attention in these days. In this paper, we provide a robust assessment report on the development of three more related extended versions of exponential (or Weibull) distributions. We assessed that which model was published earlier than the other ones and why the pioneer work was not cited properly or overlooked. For example, power generalized Weibull (PGW) introduced by Bagdonavic̆ios and Nikulin (and Nikulin and Haghighi) and extended Weibull by Dimitrakopoulou, Adamidis, and Loukas, which we call here as the DAL model, were published earlier than the NH model. The developments of these three models are stated. A new method for the construction of NH and DAL models is outlined. A literature review on NH and DAL models is presented, and generalized classes from these models are discussed. Furthermore, some corrections in NH moments are suggested, and alternative expressions for moments and incomplete moments of NH and DAL models are also developed.

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High Heels sebagai Agensi bagi Tubuh Wanita

Anthropos Jurnal Antropologi Sosial dan Budaya (Journal of Social and Cultural Anthropology) ◽

10.24114/antro.v5i2.15362 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 196

Author(s):

Sunandar Macpal ◽

Fathianabilla Azhar

Keyword(s):

Body Image ◽

Literature Review ◽

The Body ◽

The Other ◽

Body Image Disturbance ◽

Other Hand ◽

High Heels ◽

Experience Pain ◽

Woman's Body

The aims of this paper is to explain the use of high heels as an agency for a woman's body. Agency context refers to pain in the body but pain is perceived as something positive. In this paper, the method used is a literature review by reviewing writings related to the use of high heels. The findings in this paper that women experience body image disturbance or anxiety because they feel themselves are not beautiful or not attractive. The use of high heels, makes women more attractive and more confident, on the other hand the use of high heels actually makes women feel pain and discomfort. However, for the achievement of beauty standards, women voluntarily allow their bodies to experience pain. However, the agency's willingness to beauty standards here is meaningless without filtering and directly accepted. Instead women keep negotiating with themselves so as to make a decision why use high heels.

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The Principles of Zakat and Tax Upon the Time of Rasulullah SAW.

Hang Tuah Law Journal ◽

10.30649/htlj.v1i1.11 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 90

Author(s):

Dian Septiandani ◽

Abd. Shomad

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Economic Thought ◽

The State ◽

The Other ◽

Primary Data ◽

Other Hand ◽

Islamic Economic ◽

General Expense

Zakat is one of principal worship requiring every individual (<em>mukallaf</em>) with considerable property to spend some of the wealth for zakat under several conditions applied within. On the other hand, tax is an obligation assigned to taxpayers and should be deposited into the state based on policies applied, with no direct return as reward, for financing the national general expense. In their development, both zakat and tax had quite attention from Islamic economic thought. Nevertheless, we, at first, wanted to identify the principles of zakat and tax at the time of Rasulullah SAW. Therefore, this study referred to normative research. The primary data was collected through library/document research and the secondary one was collected through literature review by inventorying and collecting textbooks and other documents related to the studied issue.

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Strategies to overcome barriers and to effectively achieve sustainable urban stormwater management: A review

10.31224/osf.io/mz47v ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Anaí Floriano Vasconcelos ◽

Ademir Paceli Barbassa

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Stormwater Management ◽

Urban Sustainability ◽

The Other ◽

Urban Stormwater ◽

Urban Stormwater Management ◽

Solution Strategies ◽

Other Hand ◽

Common Barriers

Sustainable urban stormwater management (SUSM) is essential to urban sustainability. However, barriers to adopting it are observed even in places where SUSM is more widespread. Recent studies have evaluated strategies for overcoming some types of barriers. However, any study has systematically analyzed the strategies available for overcoming the most common barriers, contributing to widely adopting SUSM. Thus, this article aimed to provide a literature review on these strategies. Sixty-six documents were evaluated, resulting in eight solution strategies, detailed by 81 implementation measures, which were critically analyzed. The interrelationships among the solution strategies and their applicability to overcome the SUSM-related barriers were evaluated. This analysis showed that the solution strategies are interdependent, so it would be inefficient to adopt the strategies in isolation. On the other hand, adopting a strategy can help overcome several barriers, also enhancing other strategies, and consequently contributing to the global scenario of effective SUSM adoption. The availability of this systematized information helps break through common barriers and optimizing efforts to adopt SUSM where it is incipient.

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Russell Body Typhlitis: A Case Report and Literature Review

International Journal of Surgical Pathology ◽

10.1177/10668969211008251 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 106689692110082

Author(s):

Sarah Al-Rawaf ◽

Salem Alowami ◽

Robert Riddell ◽

Asghar Naqvi

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Literature Review ◽

Light Chain ◽

Plasma Cells ◽

Gastrointestinal Disease ◽

English Literature ◽

The Other ◽

Tubulovillous Adenoma ◽

Inflammatory Polyp ◽

Intracytoplasmic Inclusions

Russell bodies are accumulation of immunoglobulin in plasma cells forming intracytoplasmic inclusions. Russell body colitis is rare with only 3 cases described in the English literature up to date. We report a 78-year-old male with cirrhosis showing prominent cecal infiltration of Russell body containing plasma cells. Plasma cells showed no nuclear atypia or mitoses, and no evidence of light chain restriction. In this article, we report a fourth case of Russell body colitis, that is unique in being localized to the cecum in contrast to the other 3, 1 of which was in an inflammatory polyp in the sigmoid colon, 1 in a rectal tubulovillous adenoma and 1 as part of diffuse gastrointestinal disease. This is therefore the first report of localized Russell body typhlitis, occurring in a cirrhotic patient in whom an adjacent erosion was likely nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-associated, a combination that may have facilitated the formation of Russell bodies.

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New Method for Generating New Families of Distributions

Symmetry ◽

10.3390/sym13040726 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 726

Author(s):

Lamya A. Baharith ◽

Wedad H. Aljuhani

Keyword(s):

Exponential Distribution ◽

Real Data ◽

Rate Function ◽

New Method ◽

Likelihood Method ◽

Alpha Power ◽

Unknown Parameters ◽

Failure Rate Function ◽

New Approach ◽

Numerical Studies

This article presents a new method for generating distributions. This method combines two techniques—the transformed—transformer and alpha power transformation approaches—allowing for tremendous flexibility in the resulting distributions. The new approach is applied to introduce the alpha power Weibull—exponential distribution. The density of this distribution can take asymmetric and near-symmetric shapes. Various asymmetric shapes, such as decreasing, increasing, L-shaped, near-symmetrical, and right-skewed shapes, are observed for the related failure rate function, making it more tractable for many modeling applications. Some significant mathematical features of the suggested distribution are determined. Estimates of the unknown parameters of the proposed distribution are obtained using the maximum likelihood method. Furthermore, some numerical studies were carried out, in order to evaluate the estimation performance. Three practical datasets are considered to analyze the usefulness and flexibility of the introduced distribution. The proposed alpha power Weibull–exponential distribution can outperform other well-known distributions, showing its great adaptability in the context of real data analysis.

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On Newcomb's method of investigating periodicities and its application to Brückner's weather cycle

Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Containing Papers of a Mathematical and Physical Character ◽

10.1098/rspa.1914.0058 ◽

1914 ◽

Vol 90 (619) ◽

pp. 349-355

Keyword(s):

Thermal Radiation ◽

The Other ◽

New Method ◽

Critical Examination ◽

Numerical Work ◽

Average Value ◽

Other Hand ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Great Simplicity

During the last few years of his life Prof. Simon Newcomb was keenly interested in the problem of periodicities, and devised a new method for their investigation. This method is explained, and to some extent applied, in a paper entitled "A Search for Fluctuations in the Sun's Thermal Radiation through their Influence on Terrestrial Temperature." The importance of the question justifies a critical examination of the relationship of the older methods to that of Newcomb, and though I do not agree with his contention that his process gives us more than can be obtained from Fourier's analysis, it has the advantage of great simplicity in its numerical work, and should prove useful in a certain, though I am afraid, very limited field. Let f ( t ) represent a function of a variable which we may take to be the time, and let the average value of the function be zero. Newcomb examines the sum of the series f ( t 1 ) f ( t 1 + τ) + f ( t 2 ) f ( t 2 + τ) + f ( t 3 ) f ( t 3 + τ) + ..., where t 1 , t 2 , etc., are definite values of the variable which are taken to lie at equal distances from each other. If the function be periodic so as to repeat itself after an interval τ, the products are all squares and each term is positive. If, on the other hand, the periodic time be 2τ, each product will be negative and the sum itself therefore negative. It is easy to see that if τ be varied continuously the sum of the series passes through maxima and minima, and the maxima will indicated the periodic time, or any of its multiples.

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Bipolar Dislocation of the Clavicle: A Report of Two Cases with Different Injury Patterns and a Literature Review

Case Reports in Orthopedics ◽

10.1155/2017/2935308 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ichiro Okano ◽

Takatoshi Sawada ◽

Katsunori Inagaki

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Treatment Strategy ◽

Acromioclavicular Joint ◽

Treatment Approach ◽

Specific Treatment ◽

Sternoclavicular Joint ◽

The Other ◽

Anterior Dislocation ◽

Injury Patterns ◽

Rare Injury

Bipolar dislocation of the clavicle is a rare injury that is defined as a concomitant dislocation of the ipsilateral acromioclavicular joint and sternoclavicular joint. This injury is also described as a floating clavicle. Although this injury has been known for nearly two centuries, knowledge about it is limited and the treatment strategy remains controversial. Bipolar dislocation includes several combinations of both joints’ injury types. We reported two patients with bipolar dislocation of the clavicle: one with an anterior dislocation and the other with a posterior dislocation of the sternoclavicular joint. After reviewing the currently available literature, we discussed these cases to highlight the necessity of a specific treatment approach that is modified based on the pattern of each joint’s lesion.

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Locomotory Diseases Influence on Body Equilibrium and Balance

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.555.652 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 555 ◽

pp. 652-658 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Barbu Cristian Braun ◽

Ileana Constanta Rosca

Keyword(s):

Body Mass ◽

Human Subjects ◽

Force Plate ◽

The Body ◽

The Other ◽

New Method ◽

First Person ◽

Mass Center ◽

Stability Problems ◽

Research Stage

The paper describes a new method of body equilibrium evaluation applied for different human subjects, the principal aim being to demonstrate to what extent any locomotory diseases could influence the body stability and equilibrium. The research refers to identify some persons with different locomotory diseases and to find both the influence on equilibrium and stability and if possible to improve them. Our research stage, synthesized in this paper, explains the body equilibrium evaluation in orthostatic posture done for different subjects, aged between 20 and 40 years. A number of 10 relevant persons were considered to be evaluated, 2 of them having some locomotory diseases. The first person presents any neuro-motor stability problems in case of long standing case. The other person has both Achilles tendons torn and operated. All subjects were tested in orthostatic posture, in 3 distinct positions, using a Kistler force plate. The experiments referred to the body mass center (COM) displacement in sagittal and lateral planes, representing an interesting characteristic for its equilibrium. It was shown that the person with diseases affecting stability presented a loss of equilibrium when standing for 10-20 seconds, i.e. higher COM displacements in both planes reported to the other tested subjects.

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A modified Runge-Kutta method

SIMULATION ◽

10.1177/003754976801000503 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 221-223 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A.S. Chai

Keyword(s):

Error Estimate ◽

Linear Combination ◽

Experimental Results ◽

The Other ◽

New Method ◽

Kutta Method ◽

Starting Values ◽

Runge Kutta Method ◽

Runge Kutta ◽

A Minor

It is possible to replace k2 in a 4th-order Runge-Kutta for mula (also Nth-order 3 ≤ N ≤ 5) by a linear combination of k1 and the ki's in the last step, using the same procedure for computing the other ki's and y as in the standard R-K method. The advantages of the new method are: It re quires one less derivative evaluation, provides an error estimate at each step, gives more accurate results, and needs a minor change to switch to the RK to obtain the starting values. Experimental results are shown in verification of the for mula.

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