scholarly journals Correlation between Imaging Features and Pathological Stages of Primary Lung Tumors Based on Nanocontrast Agents

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Jin Li ◽  
Qian Xu ◽  
Cunhua Mao ◽  
Yuliang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Lung Tumors ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Display Time ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Primary Lung Tumors

As one of the conventional methods of lung cancer detection, computed tomography (CT) usually requires the use of contrast agents to enhance the imaging effect. Conventional iodine contrast agents have poor signal-to-noise ratio and are prone to adverse reactions. It is necessary to find more effective and safe contrast agents for CT scans. The gold nanoparticles with secondary electron effect and photoelectric absorption effect can prolong the display time of the patient’s blood circulation after being injected into the patient’s body, which makes the nanocontrast agent a research hotspot in the field of CT imaging. In this study, ultrasmall gold nanoclusters with a diameter of about 5 nm were used as the contrast agent in CT scans. It was found that CT scans based on nanocontrast agents can obtain high-quality lung cancer imaging images, and the patient has no obvious adverse reactions. When observing the CT image, it was found that the stage of lung cancer patients can be clearly distinguished through the CT scan image. When analyzing the consistency of CT imaging and pathological classification, the Kappa value was 0.810, indicating that the two have a high degree of consistency. Therefore, this study believes that the imaging characteristics of primary lung tumors based on nanocontrast agents are highly correlated with their pathological types.

scholarly journals Imaging Features and Patterns of Metastasis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with RET Rearrangements

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subba R. Digumarthy ◽  
Dexter P. Mendoza ◽  
Jessica J. Lin ◽  
Marguerite Rooney ◽  
Andrew Do ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Metastatic Patterns ◽  
Pre Treatment

Rearranged during transfection proto-oncogene (RET) fusions represent a potentially targetable oncogenic driver in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Imaging features and metastatic patterns of advanced RET fusion-positive (RET+) NSCLC are not well established. Our goal was to compare the imaging features and patterns of metastases in RET+, ALK+ and ROS1+ NSCLC. Patients with RET+, ALK+, or ROS1+ NSCLC seen at our institution between January 2014 and December 2018 with available pre-treatment imaging were identified. The clinicopathologic features, imaging characteristics, and the distribution of metastases were reviewed and compared. We identified 215 patients with NSCLC harboring RET, ALK, or ROS1 gene fusion (RET = 32; ALK = 116; ROS1 = 67). Patients with RET+ NSCLC were older at presentation compared to ALK+ and ROS1+ patients (median age: RET = 64 years; ALK = 51 years, p < 0.001; ROS = 54 years, p = 0.042) and had a higher frequency of neuroendocrine histology (RET = 12%; ALK = 2%, p = 0.025; ROS1 = 0%, p = 0.010). Primary tumors in RET+ patients were more likely to be peripheral (RET = 69%; ALK = 47%, p = 0.029; ROS1 = 36%, p = 0.003), whereas lobar location, size, and density were comparable across the three groups. RET+ NSCLC was associated with a higher frequency of brain metastases at diagnosis compared to ROS1+ NSCLC (RET = 32%, ROS1 = 10%; p = 0.039. Metastatic patterns were otherwise similar across the three molecular subgroups, with high incidences of lymphangitic carcinomatosis, pleural metastases, and sclerotic bone metastases. RET+ NSCLC shares several distinct radiologic features and metastatic spread with ALK+ and ROS1+ NSCLC. These features may suggest the presence of RET fusions and help identify patients who may benefit from further molecular genotyping.

scholarly journals CT Imaging Features During Disease Progression of 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pneumonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Yu ◽  
Yong Yu ◽  
Shubo Cai ◽  
Cong Shen ◽  
Youmin Guo
Keyword(s):  
Disease Progression ◽  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Ground Glass Opacity ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Stage 1

Objectives: To describe the characteristics of computed tomography (CT) in patients with 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia and their changes during disease progression. Patients and Methods: A total of 96 chest CT scans of 61 pneumonia patients associated with COVID-19 were reviewed to identify CT features associated with the time of symptom onset and the evolution of disease. Results: The initial CTs of 61 patients were obtained during 1 to 11 days after the onset. The main CT pattern of initial CT obtained during 1 - 3 days after the symptom onset was single (7/23, 35%) or multiple ground-glass opacity (GGO, 8/23, 35%). At 4 - 7 days after the symptom onset, the main imaging features were crazy paving GGO mixed with partial consolidation pattern (15/32, 47%). At 8 - 11 days after the symptom onset, the CT images showed consolidation pattern (3/6, 50%). A total of 35 follow up CTs were collected. The mean interval time between each follow up CT was 3 ± 2 days. The CT patterns also changed with the evolution of the disease: the features of GGO manifested at the early stage (1 - 3d). The crazy paving GGO pattern, consolidation pattern and mixed with partial consolidation pattern were found 4 to 14 days after the onset. In the absorption stage (15 - 24d), both density and extent of lesions were reduced. Conclusion: The CT imaging features are associated with the time of symptom onset and evolution of disease. Understanding the imaging characteristics of each stage is very helpful for understanding the development of disease.

Treatment of Lung Cancer Complicated with Infection of Talaromyces Marneffei Based on Chest Imaging Characteristics Monitoring (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiling Feng ◽  
Xiaoping Li ◽  
Yanqin Wang ◽  
Shar Lenepe
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Chest Imaging ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Talaromyces Marneffei ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Strip Shape ◽  
Male Patients

BACKGROUND Background: At present, although the infection of Talaromyces Marneffei has been known at home and abroad, there are few reports of Talaromyces Marneffei in lung cancer. OBJECTIVE Objective: The objective is to explore the diagnosis and treatment process of lung cancer patients with infection of Talaromyces Marneffei and its chest imaging characteristics, so as to improve the clinicians' realization of the disease. METHODS Method: The patients with lung cancer and infection of Talaromyces Marneffei (observation group) and the patients with infection of Talaromyces Marneffei (control group) are taken as the study objects, and the clinical characteristics and chest CT (computed tomography) imaging characteristics of the two groups are compared and summarized. RESULTS Results: The number of male patients infected with Talaromyces Marneffei is significantly higher than that of female patients (P < 0.05). The symptoms of cough and expectoration in the observation group are more than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The main imaging features of the observation group are obvious enhancement of focus enhancement scanning, strip shape and nodule, and the situation of obvious enhancement of focus enhancement scanning in the observation group is significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Conclusion: The clinical and imaging features of lung cancer and Talaromyces Marneffei infection overlap. When the lung lesions of patients with Talaromyces Marneffei have significant malignant signs, the possibility of lung cancer should be considered.

Functional profile and clinical significance of major tumor infiltrating lymphocyte subsets in lung cancer-associated brain metastases.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 2066-2066
Author(s):  
Benjamin Y. Lu ◽  
Richa Gupta ◽  
Tyler Stewart ◽  
Harriet M. Kluger ◽  
Lucia Jilaveanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Granzyme B ◽  
Lung Tumors ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
Functional Profile ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Primary Lung Tumors

2066 Background: Despite the biological and clinical implications, the immune composition and functional characteristics of adaptive immune cells in brain metastases (BrM) are poorly understood. Using multiplexed quantitative immunofluorescence (QIF), this study evaluates the level and functional profile of major T-cell subsets in primary lung tumors, BrM, and extracranial metastases (ECM) from lung cancers. Methods: A tissue microarray was constructed from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor samples of 94 lung cancer patients treated at Yale Cancer Center between 2002-2013. Multiplexed QIF was used to evaluate the cases with a panel containing phenotype markers for major T-cell subsets (CD3, CD4, CD8 and FOXP3), and cell-localized activation and proliferation (granzyme-B and Ki-67). Signal for each marker was measured in marker-selected tissue compartments using the Automated Quantitative Analysis (AQUA) platform. Associations between markers and major clinicopathologic variables were studied. Results: In total, 40 primary lung tumors, 63 BrM, and 15 ECM were analyzed, including paired samples from 22 patients. Lung cancer histology included adenocarcinoma 62.5%, squamous cell carcinoma 11.5%, small cell 9.4%, and other non-small cell 16.7%. BrM had both significantly lower levels of CD3+ T-cells ( p< 0.0001) and T-cell granzyme B ( p= 0.0188) compared with primary lung tumors. No significant differences were observed in T-cell Ki-67 levels across tissues. FOXP3 measured in CD4+ T-cells were significantly lower in BrM compared with primary malignancies ( p= 0.0002) and ECM ( p= 0.0404). Among patients with BrM, higher levels of CD3+ T-cells in BrM were associated with longer overall survival. Conclusions: Lung cancer-associated BrM have lower T-cell infiltration, cytolytic function, and regulatory T-cells than primary lesions. These results indicate lower adaptive anti-tumor responses in BrM and suggest the presence of a tolerogenic microenvironment in the brain. Overcoming this could be used to design optimal treatment strategies.

scholarly journals Computed Tomography Imaging Features of Malignant “Triton” Tumor for Its Clinical Diagnosis: Report of Two Cases

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Li ◽  
Chun Zeng ◽  
Ning Jiang ◽  
David P. Molloy ◽  
Qiling Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Preoperative Diagnosis ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Image Features ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Presumptive Diagnosis ◽  
Imaging Characteristics

Abstract Background: malignant triton tumors (MTTs) are an extremely rare subtype of malignant periphery nerve sheave tumors (MPNSTs). Clinical diagnosis of MTTs is difficult before surgery due to its low incidence and the lack of knowledge. Therefore, to describe and summarize the computed tomography (CT) imaging characteristics of malignant triton tumors (MTTs) is of great assistance for early and preoperative diagnosis.Case presentation: Two case reports were closely observed in our hospital, with the presumptive diagnosis of MTT by CT scan examination before surgery. The diagnosis of MTT was eventually confirmed by immunochemical (IHC) assay, which verified speculation of CT scans. Huge, irregular, well-circumscribed lobulated mass-like shadows can be observed from these patients by CT scans. Besides, heterogeneity of density within the body of tumor was well-established by CT scans, together with linear septum. Meanwhile, CT scans demonstrated that calcifications were remarkable at the margin of tumor body. Conclusions: Some CT image features from two cases admitted to our hospital were presented as a reference for the preoperative diagnosis of MTTs: (i) enormity of mass-like shadow; (ii) presence of well-circumscribed lobulated shape; (iii) septum within the well-defined mass accompanied with hemorrhage, necrosis and cystic changes as well as calcification, especially within neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) patients.

Comparison of immune microenvironment between primary lung tumors and paired brain metastatic tumors.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 2020-2020
Author(s):  
Likun Chen ◽  
Lihong Wu ◽  
Meichen Li ◽  
Huan Chen ◽  
Lijia Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Brain Metastases ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
Lung Tumors ◽  
Immune Gene ◽  
Immune Microenvironment ◽  
Primary Lung Tumors ◽  
Tumor Immune Microenvironment

2020 Background: Lung cancer is one of the most common causes of brain metastases (BMs) and is always associated with poor prognosis. To evaluate the characteristics of the tumor immune microenvironment in brain metastases of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we investigated the immunophenotype of primary NSCLC and paired brain metastases. Methods: Forty-three Chinese patients with NSCLC who had BMs at presentation or during the course of their disease were admitted to the Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center (Guangzhou, China) from 2000 to 2019. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of eighty-six formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) samples from primary lung tumors and paired brain metastases of 43 patients was conducted to comprehensively analyze the tumor immune microenvironment. Results: Our data revealed that brain metastases compared with primary lung tumors exhibited reduced tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) (all 28 immune cell subtypes P < 0.05), lower fraction of activated CD8 T cell and effector memory CD8 T cell in total TILs (P = 0.028, P < 0.001, respectively); higher fraction of macrophage and neutrophil in total TILs (P < 0.001, P < 0.01, respectively). Comparing with the primary lung tumors, the scores of some immune related signatures, including MHC non-class signature, IFN gamma signature and T-cell-inflamed gene-expression profile (GEP) signature, were significantly lower in brain metastases (P = 0.004, P = 0.009, P = 0.004, respectively), while the score of MHC class-II signature was higher in brain metastases (P = 0.045). We found the distributions of tumor microenvironment immune types (TMIT) in brain metastases and primary lung tumors were different. Brain metastases contained significantly lower proportion of TMIT I (high PD-L1/ high CD8A) (23%) than primary lung tumors (47%) (P < 0.05). Besides, we found three immune inhibitory checkpoint molecules, namely C10orf54 (VISTA), CTLA4 and CD274 (PD-L1) were downregulated in brain metastases than in primary lung tumors (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P = 0.034, respectively). Moreover, there was poor correlation of PD-L1 expression between paired brain metastases and primary lung tumors (R = 0.28, P = 0.068). Unsupervised hierarchic cluster analysis revealed the primary lung tumors had two distinct patterns of immune gene signatures, namely Cluster A and Cluster B, and the tumors in Cluster B were immune rich, but associated with poor prognosis (log-rank P = 0.021). Conclusions: Our work illustrates the immune landscape of brain metastases from NSCLC, and suggests that the tumor immune microenvironment in brain metastases compared with primary lung tumors is further immunosuppressed, that may help guide immunotherapeutic strategies for NSCLC brain metastases.

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