scholarly journals Weldability Investigation and Optimization of Process Variables for TIG-Welded Aluminium Alloy (AA 8006)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
T. Sathish ◽  
S. Tharmalingam ◽  
V. Mohanavel ◽  
K. S. Ashraff Ali ◽  
Alagar Karthick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Tig Welding ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Superior Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Welding Processes

Aluminium and its alloys play a significant role in engineering material applications due to its low weight ratio and superior corrosion resistance. The welding of aluminium alloy is challenging for the normal conventional arc welding processes. This research tries to resolve those issues by the Tungsten Inert Gas welding process. The TIG welding method is an easy, friendly process to perform welding. The widely applicable wrought aluminium AA8006 alloy, which was not considered for TIG welding in earlier studies, is considered in this investigation. For optimizing the number of experiments, the Taguchi experimental design of L9 orthogonal array type experimental design/plan was employed by considering major influencing process parameters like welding speed, base current, and peak current at three levels. The welded samples are included to investigate mechanical characterizations like surface hardness and strengths for standing tensile and impact loading. The results of the investigation on mechanical characterization of permanent joint of aluminium AA8006 alloy TIG welding were statistically analyzed and discussed. The 3D profilometric images of tensile-tested specimens were investigated, and they suggested optimized process parameters based on the result investigations.

scholarly journals Analysis of Mechanical, Microstructural Properties and Weld Morphology of A-TIG Welded AH-36 Marine-Grade Steels with Oxide and Duplex Flux Coating

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 9101-9112
Author(s):  
Vijaya Kumar K. ◽  
N. Ramanaiah ◽  
N. Bhargava Rama Mohan Rao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Heat Input ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Marangoni Effect ◽  
Tig Welding ◽  
Inert Gas ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Tungsten Inert Gas Welding ◽  
Welding Processes

The current study investigates the metallurgical, mechanical properties and weld morphology of AH36 marine grade steel (with a thickness of 8 mm) by activated-tungsten inert gas  (A-TIG) butt joints, with the application of different fluxes (MoO3, V2O5, and duplex of MoO3 and V2O5) at various process parameters. The welding speed was kept constant at 120 mm/min, and current varied from 160 A to 220 A uniformly to optimise process parameters to achieve desired mechanical properties, weld morphology, and lowest possible heat input. The study also focused on comparing tensile strength, impact strength, and microhardness, heat input during welding, weld bead depth and width between conventional TIG welding and activated flux TIG welding processes at various operation parameters. Tensile results reported that fracture occurs at the base region in ordinary TIG welding and the activated tungsten inert gas welding process. It was noticed that a higher depth to width ratio attained MoO3 and V2O5 duplex flux coated weldments. There is evidence that the depth of weld joints is enhanced because of stable arc, Marangoni effect, and arc constriction. Microhardness results reported that the fusion zone has a higher microhardness in the activated tungsten inert gas welding than the ordinary TIG welding. It was concluded that out of all fluxes, MoO3 and V2O5 duplex flux coating produce better butt welds of AH36 steel.

scholarly journals Shear and Hardness Properties Study of AA-6061 Aluminium Alloy Lap-Joints Produced by Friction Stir Spot Welding Process Using H13 Tool Steel

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-194
Author(s):  
Afif Mohamad Hanapiah ◽  
Sumaiya Islam ◽  
Neamul Khandoker ◽  
Mazid Abdul Md
Keyword(s):  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Lap Joints ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Cnc Milling ◽  
Excessive Heat ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Welding Processes

By virtue of high-strength verses weight ratio aluminium alloys are achieving attentions in automobile, marine, and aircraft industries as it reduces the fuel consumption for running the vehicles. But their main drawback is the destruction of their carefully engineered microstructures by high heat generated in traditional welding processes. Friction Stir Welding (FSW) minimizes excessive heat in the welding zone and does not   influence the microstructural features.  FSW is currently one of the recommended solutions for manufacturing aluminium alloy welded machine parts. In this study, AA6061 Al-alloy strips were lap joined using the improvised FSW setup tool clamping it on the spindle of a CNC milling machine with the speed rate varied from 1000 rpm to 3000 rpm, and three different feed rates 5, 15, and 25 mm/min. Shear strength experiments of these joints revealed that samples created with the speed rate of 1000 rpm and feed rate of 25 mm/min performed best showing the highest load carrying capacity of 8976 N with elongation of 1.04%. They also demonstrated highest Vickers hardness value of 31 at the centre of the weldment.

Comparison of ANN Training Algorithms for Predicting the Tensile Strength of Friction Stir Welded Aluminium Alloy AA1100

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
R.V. Vignesh ◽  
R. Padmanaban
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Training Algorithms ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Propagation Network

Aluminium alloy AA1100 finds application in light weight structures due to its high strength to weight ratio. Friction stir welding is a solid state welding process, in which the materials are joined in the plasticized state. The quality of the friction stir welded joints depends on the process parameters used and tool parameters. In this study, four process parameters were varied at five levels and experimental trials were performed as per face centered central composite design. Artificial neural network model was developed with cascade forward propagation network architecture and trained with LM algorithm and BFGS QN algorithm. The models were used to predict the tensile strength of the joints and the error in prediction was used to judge the accuracy of the developed models. It is observed that BFGS QN algorithm trains the ANN efficiently and results in accurate predictions.

Numerical Analysis of Residual Stresses and Distortions in Aluminium Alloy Welded Joints

2015 ◽  
Vol 809-810 ◽  
pp. 443-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Kik ◽  
Marek Slovacek ◽  
Jaromir Moravec ◽  
Mojmir Vanek
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Thermal Cycle ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Structure Knowledge ◽  
Welding Processes ◽  
Element Method

Simulation software based on a finite element method have significantly changed the possibilities of determining welding strains and stresses at early stages of product design and welding technology development. But the numerical simulation of welding processes is one of the more complicated issues in analyses carried out using the Finite Element Method. A welding process thermal cycle directly affects the thermal and mechanical behaviour of a structure during the process. High temperature and subsequent cooling of welded elements generate undesirable strains and stresses in the structure. Knowledge about the material behaviour subjected to the welding thermal cycle is most important to understand process phenomena and proper steering of the process. The study presented involved the SYSWELD software-based analysis of MIG welded butt joints made of 1.0 mm thickness, 5xxx series aluminium alloy sheets. The analysis of strains and the distribution of stresses were carried out for several different cases of fixing and releasing of welded elements.

scholarly journals Analysis of the influence of position of welding materials on the FSW seams properties for three dissimilar aluminium alloy

2018 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 03003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Bosneag ◽  
Marius Adrian Constantin ◽  
Eduard Niţu ◽  
Monica Iordache
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Dissimilar Materials ◽  
Workpiece Material ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Welding Joints ◽  
Welding Materials

Friction Stir Welding, abbreviated FSW is a new and innovative welding process. This welding process is increasingly required, more than traditional arc welding, in industrial environment such us: aeronautics, shipbuilding, aerospace, automotive, railways, general fabrication, nuclear, military, robotics and computers. FSW, more than traditional arc welding, have a lot of advantages, such us the following: it uses a non-consumable tool, realise the welding process without melting the workpiece material, can be realised in all positions (no weld pool), results of good mechanical properties, can use dissimilar materials and have a low environmental impact. This paper presents the results of experimental investigation of friction stir welding joints to three dissimilar aluminium alloy AA2024, AA6061 and AA7075. For experimenting the value of the input process parameters, the rotation speed and advancing speed were kept the same and the position of plates was variable. The exit date recorded in the time of process and after this, will be compared between them and the influence of position of plate will be identified on the welding seams properties and the best position of plates for this process parameters and materials.

scholarly journals Optimisation of process parameters for M.A.G welding of API X70m material to predict tensile strength using Taguchi method

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 1100-1107
Author(s):  
N.S. Akonyi ◽  
O.A. Olugboji ◽  
E.A.P. Egbe ◽  
O. Adedipe ◽  
S.A. Lawal
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Engineering Software ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Girth Welding ◽  
Welding Processes ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Welding Technique

Girth welded replica of API X70M material have been produced on NG-GMAW welding technique. The particular area of interest is to develop suitable girth welding process parameter using NGGMAW. The major aim of the work was to replicate welds having tensile strength between 650 and 680 MPa. Design of Experiment (DoE) method by Taguchi design, using some selected welding processes was adopted. Two process parameters (factors) – arc voltage and wire feed rate, (the variables), and three levels were used. The resultant joint property on tensile strength of X70M pipeline was examined. The targeted mechanical property was achieved by selecting the best process parameters. Their effects on ultimate tensile strength – UTS was analysed using statistical technique – analysis of variance - ANOVA and Signal to Noise - S/N ratio with ‘thebigger-the–better’ value. Validation was done using MIDAS NFX (an FEA) mechanical engineering software. In conclusion, process parameters that affects or influences the girth welded properties of API X70M under field conditions were identified. Guidance for the specifications and selection of processes that could be used in field-welding for optimum performance has been recommended. Keywords: Optimization, Girth-Weld, Process Parameters, Tensile Strength, NG-GMAW

scholarly journals Development of an Artificial Intelligence Powered TIG Welding Algorithm for the Prediction of Bead Geometry for TIG Welding Processes using Hybrid Deep Learning

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 451
Author(s):  
Martin A. Kesse ◽  
Eric Buah ◽  
Heikki Handroos ◽  
Godwin K. Ayetor
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Deep Neural Network ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Tig Welding ◽  
Bead Geometry ◽  
Bead Width ◽  
Modeling Tools ◽  
Welding Processes

Recent developments in artificial intelligence (AI) modeling tools allows for envisaging that AI will remove elements of human mechanical effort from welding operations. This paper contributes to this development by proposing an AI tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding algorithm that can assist human welders to select desirable end factors to achieve good weld quality in the welding process. To demonstrate its feasibility, the proposed model has been tested with data from 27 experiments using current, arc length and welding speed as control parameters to predict weld bead width. A fuzzy deep neural network, which is a combination of fuzzy logic and deep neural network approaches, is applied in the algorithm. Simulations were carried out on an experimental test dataset with the AI TIG welding algorithm. The results showed 92.59% predictive accuracy (25 out of 27 correct answers) as compared to the results from the experiment. The performance of the algorithm at this nascent stage demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed method. This performance shows that in future work, if its predictive accuracy is improved with human input and more data, it could achieve the level of accuracy that could support the human welder in the field to enhance efficiency in the welding process. The findings are useful for industries that are in the welding trade and serve as an educational tool.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of Friction Stir Welding on 6061-T6 Aluminum Alloy using Taguchi-Based GRA

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1480
Author(s):  
Assefa Asmare ◽  
Raheem Al-Sabur ◽  
Eyob Messele
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Alloy Sheet ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Weld Joints

The use of aluminum alloys, nowadays, is swiftly growing from the prerequisite of producing higher strength to weight ratio. Lightweight components are crucial interest in most manufacturing sectors, especially in transportation, aviation, maritime, automotive, and others. Traditional available joining methods have an adverse effect on joining these lightweight engineering materials, increasing needs for new environmentally friendly joining methods. Hence, friction stir welding (FSW) is introduced. Friction stir welding is a relatively new welding process that can produce high-quality weld joints with a lightweight and low joining cost with no waste. This paper endeavors to deals with optimizing process parameters for quality criteria on tensile and hardness strengths. Samples were taken from a 5 mm 6061-T6 aluminum alloy sheet with butt joint configuration. Controlled process parameters tool profile, rotational speed and transverse speed were utilized. The process parameters are optimized making use of the combination of Grey relation analysis method and L9 orthogonal array. Mechanical properties of the weld joints are examined through tensile, hardness, and liquid penetrant tests at room temperature. From this research, rotational speed and traverse speed become significant parameters at a 99% confidence interval, and the joint efficiency reached 91.3%.

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