scholarly journals Genome-Wide Analysis of the Auxin/Indoleacetic Acid Gene Family and Response to Indole-3-Acetic Acid Stress in Tartary Buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Fan Yang ◽  
Xiuxia Zhang ◽  
Ruifeng Tian ◽  
Liwei Zhu ◽  
Fang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Acid Stress ◽  
Tartary Buckwheat ◽  
Evolutionary Analysis ◽  
Fagopyrum Tataricum ◽  
Reference Information ◽  
Gene Structures ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Auxin/indoleacetic acid (Aux/IAA) family genes respond to the hormone auxin, which have been implicated in the regulation of multiple biological processes. In this study, all 25 Aux/IAA family genes were identified in Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) by a reiterative database search and manual annotation. Our study provided comprehensive information of Aux/IAA family genes in buckwheat, including gene structures, chromosome locations, phylogenetic relationships, and expression patterns. Aux/IAA family genes were nonuniformly distributed in the buckwheat chromosomes and divided into seven groups by phylogenetic analysis. Aux/IAA family genes maintained a certain correlation and a certain species-specificity through evolutionary analysis with Arabidopsis and other grain crops. In addition, all Aux/IAA genes showed a complex response pattern under treatment of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). These results provide valuable reference information for dissecting function and molecular mechanism of Aux/IAA family genes in buckwheat.

scholarly journals Genome-wide analysis of BBX gene family in Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum)

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11939
Author(s):  
Jiali Zhao ◽  
Hongyou Li ◽  
Juan Huang ◽  
Taoxiong Shi ◽  
Ziye Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Anthocyanin Biosynthesis ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Tartary Buckwheat ◽  
Chromosome 6 ◽  
Fagopyrum Tataricum ◽  
Conserved Motifs ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Gene Structures

BBX (B-box), a zinc finger transcription factor with one or two B-box domains, plays an important role in plant photomorphogenesis, growth, and development as well as response to environmental changes. In this study, 28 Tartary buckwheat BBX (FtBBX) genes were identified and screened using a comparison program. Their physicochemical properties, gene structures, conserved motifs, distribution in chromosomal, and phylogeny of the coding proteins, as well as their expression patterns, were analyzed. In addition, multiple collinearity analysis in three monocots and three dicot species illustrated that the BBX proteins identified from monocots clustered separately from those of dicots. Moreover, the expression of 11 candidate BBX genes with probable involvement in the regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis was analyzed in the sprouts of Tartary buckwheat during light treatment. The results of gene structure analysis showed that all the 28 BBX genes contained B-box domain, three genes lacked introns, and these genes were unevenly distributed on the other seven chromosomes except for chromosome 6. The 28 proteins contained 10 conserved motifs and could be divided into five subfamilies. BBX genes of Tartary buckwheat showed varying expression under different conditions demonstrating that FtBBXs might play important roles in Tartary buckwheat growth and development. This study lays a foundation for further understanding of Tartary buckwheat BBX genes and their functions in growth and development as well as regulation of pigmentation in Tartary buckwheat.

scholarly journals Characterization and Comparative Analysis of RWP-RK Proteins from Arachis duranensis, Arachis ipaensis, and Arachis hypogaea

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Chenyang Liu ◽  
Dongliang Yuan ◽  
Tong Liu ◽  
Mengge Xing ◽  
Wenying Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Orthologous Gene ◽  
Evolutionary Analysis ◽  
Gene Pairs ◽  
Cultivated Species ◽  
Arachis Duranensis ◽  
Gene Structures ◽  
Wild Peanut

RWP-RK proteins are important factors involved in nitrate response and gametophyte development in plants, and the functions of RWP-RK proteins have been analyzed in many species. However, the characterization of peanut RWP-RK proteins is limited. In this study, we identified 16, 19, and 32 RWP-RK members from Arachis duranensis, Arachis ipaensis, and Arachis hypogaea, respectively, and investigated their evolution relationships. The RWP-RK proteins were classified into two groups, RWP-RK domain proteins and NODULE-INCEPTION-like proteins. Chromosomal distributions, gene structures, and conserved motifs of RWP-RK genes were compared among wild and cultivated peanuts. In addition, we identified 12 orthologous gene pairs from the two wild peanut species, 13 from A. duranensis and A. hypogaea, and 13 from A. ipaensis and A. hypogaea. One, one, and seventeen duplicated gene pairs were identified within the A. duranensis, A. ipaensis, and A. hypogaea genomes, respectively. Moreover, different numbers of cis-acting elements in the RWP-RK promoters were found in wild and cultivated species (87 in A. duranensis, 89 in A. ipaensis, and 92 in A. hypogaea), and as a result, many RWP-RK genes showed distinct expression patterns in different tissues. Our study will provide useful information for further functional and evolutionary analysis of the RWP-RK genes.

scholarly journals Functional Analysis of Aux/IAAs and SAURs on Shoot Growth of Lagerstroemia indica through Virus-Induced Gene Silencing (VIGS)

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1288
Author(s):  
Lu Feng ◽  
Xiaohan Liang ◽  
Yang Zhou ◽  
Ye Zhang ◽  
Jieru Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Functional Verification ◽  
Regulation Mechanism ◽  
Virus Induced Gene Silencing ◽  
Short Shoot ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid ◽  
Six Genes

The plant hormone auxin plays an important role in cell division and the elongation of shoots to affect the plant architecture, which has a great impact on the plant yield, fruit quality and ornamental value; however, the regulatory mechanism of auxin controlling shoot growth is unclear in crape myrtle. In this study, two auxin/indole-3-acetic acid (Aux/IAA) genes and four small auxin upregulated RNA (SAUR) genes of auxin response gene families were isolated from dwarf and non-dwarf progenies of Lagerstroemia indica and then functionally characterized. Sequence alignment revealed that the six genes contain typical conserved domains. Different expression patterns of the six genes at three different tissue stages of two types of progenies showed that the regulation mechanism of these genes may be different. Functional verification of the six genes upon shoot growth of crape myrtle was performed via virus-induced gene silencing. When the LfiAUX22 gene was silenced, a short shoot phenotype was observed in non-dwarf progenies, accompanied by decreased auxin content. Therefore, we preliminarily speculated that LfiAUX22 plays an important role in the shoot growth of crape myrtle, which regulates the accumulation of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and the elongation of cells to eventually control shoot length.

EFFECTS OF RAPESEED OIL AS AN ADDITIVE WITH CERTAIN HERBICIDE TREATMENTS

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-146
Author(s):  
NORMAN H. WARRINGTON ◽  
WM. G. CORNS
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Tartary Buckwheat ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Fagopyrum Tataricum ◽  
Galium Aparine ◽  
Green Foxtail ◽  
Faba Beans ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid ◽  
Triton X

Various herbicides were sprayed alone and with unrefined oil from rapeseed (Brassica campestris L.) mainly at 10% concentration in the spray solution. Triton X-363 M non-ionic emulsifier (5% vol/vol) was mixed with the oil before addition to the herbicide solution. Emulsified oil alone was not toxic to the species of crops and weeds examined in growth chamber and field experiments. In the growth chamber and greenhouse, oil added to chloroxuron (3-(p(p-chlorophenoxy) phenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea greatly increased its toxicity to green foxtail (Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv.) and to faba beans (Vicia faba L.). In field experiments, action of dalapon (2,2-dichloropropionic acid) and TCA (trichloroacetic acid) on green foxtail was not appreciably increased by oil addition. The emulsifier, but not the oil, increased barban (4-chloro-2-butynyl m-chlorocarbanilate) toxicity to wild oats (Avena fatua L.) without injuring barley or rape. Added oil increased the toxicity of benazolin (4-chloro-2-oxo-3-benzothiazoline acetic acid) to cleavers (Galium aparine L.) without significant injury to rape. Oil with niclofen (2, 4-dichlorophenyl p-nitrophenyl ether) lessened its toxicity to Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn.). Oil with 2,4-D ((2,4-dichlorophenoxy) acetic acid) and MCPA [((4-chloro-o-tolyl) oxy) acetic acid] dimethylamines increased control of Tartary buckwheat in wheat and oats, respectively, without crop injury. In the growth chamber, MCPA plus oil was more effective against hemp nettle (Galeopsis tetrahit L.) than MCPA alone.

scholarly journals Varietal features of potato responses to Azospirillum and exogenous indole-3-acetic acid

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Grigoryan ◽  
A. A. Starchikov ◽  
O. V. Tkachenko ◽  
G. L. Burygin ◽  
N. V. Evseeva
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

The effect of A. brasilense Sp245 and indoleacetic acid (IAA) on microplants of 10 potato cultivars in in vitro culture was studied. Significant genotypic differences in the growth-stimulating effect of bacteria and IAA on plants were established.

scholarly journals Sulphur Analogues of Indoleacetic Acid: Synthesis and Biological Activity of some Thionaphthenacetic Acids

1957 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 80 ◽  
Author(s):  
NP Kefford ◽  
Judith M Kelso
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Protoplasmic Streaming ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid ◽  
Acetic Acids

The thionaphthen�2�, �3-, -5-, -6�, and -7-acetic acids have been synthesized from the chlorides of the corresponding carboxylic acids by the Arndt-Eistert reaction and their plant growth-regulating activities, as indicated by their effects upon protoplasmic streaming, have been compared with those of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4�D). The thionaphthen-3- and -7- acetic acids and IAA have similar effects upon protoplasmic streaming, while the effects of the thionaphthen-2-, -5-, and �6-acetic acids differ from those of IAA and resemble in part those of 2, 4-D.

scholarly journals Genome-wide analysis of the WRKY gene family and its response to abiotic stress in buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum)

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia He ◽  
Jing-jian Li ◽  
Yuan Chen ◽  
Jia-qi Yang ◽  
Xiao-yang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Gene Family ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Growth Regulation ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Tartary Buckwheat ◽  
Wrky Gene ◽  
Fagopyrum Tataricum

AbstractThe WRKY gene family is an ancient plant transcription factor (TF) family with a vital role in plant growth and development, especially in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Although many researchers have studied WRKY TFs in numerous plant species, little is known of them in Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum). Based on the recently reported genome sequence of Tartary buckwheat, we identified 78 FtWRKY proteins that could be classified into three major groups. All 77 WRKY genes were distributed unevenly across all eight chromosomes. Exon–intron analysis and motif composition prediction revealed the complexity and diversity of FtWRKYs, indicating that WRKY TFs may be of significance in plant growth regulation and stress response. Two separate pairs of tandem duplication genes were found, but no segmental duplications were identified. Overall, most orthologous gene-pairs between Tartary and common buckwheat evolved under strong purifying selection. qRT-PCR was used to analyze differences in expression among four FtWRKYs (FtWRKY6, 74, 31, and 7) under salt, drought, cold, and heat treatments. The results revealed that all four proteins are related to abiotic stress responses, although they exhibited various expression patterns. In particular, the relative expression levels of FtWRKY6, 74, and 31 were significantly upregulated under salt stress, while the highest expression of FtWRKY7 was observed from heat treatment. This study provides comprehensive insights into the WRKY gene family in Tartary buckwheat, and can support the screening of additional candidate genes for further functional characterization of WRKYs under various stresses.

Excretion of tryptamine and indole-3-acetic acid in urine of rats with intestinal diverticula

1962 ◽  
Vol 202 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Donaldson
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Oxidase Activity ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase Activity ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

The urinary excretion of indoleacetic acid, but not of tryptamine, is increased in rats with localized intestinal stasis resulting from the surgical formation of midintestinal diverticula. Significant quantities of tryptamine, however, are produced within the intestinal pouches of these animals. When the conversion of tryptamine to indoleacetic acid is maximally inhibited with iproniazid, tryptamine accumulates in the urine of the rats with diverticula to the same extent as it does in control animals. The monoamine oxidase activity of tissues from rats with diverticula is neither increased nor resistant to iproniazid inhibition. Injection of large quantities of tryptamine directly into the intestinal pouches produced no significant increase in urinary tryptamine or indoleacetic acid. It therefore appears that tryptamine produced within the diverticula does not significantly contribute to the indoleacetic acid appearing in the urine of these rats.

Bacterial biosynthesis of indole-3-acetic acid

1996 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl L. Patten ◽  
Bernard R. Glick
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Plasmid Dna ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Regulatory Sequences ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Microbial Biosynthesis ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid ◽  
Iaa Biosynthesis ◽  
Stimulation Of

Production of the phytohormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is widespread among bacteria that inhabit the rhizosphere of plants. Several different IAA biosynthesis pathways are used by these bacteria, with a single bacterial strain sometimes containing more than one pathway. The level of expression of IAA depends on the biosynthesis pathway; the location of the genes involved, either on chromosomal or plasmid DNA, and their regulatory sequences; and the presence of enzymes that can convert active, free IAA into an inactive, conjugated form. The role of bacterial IAA in the stimulation of plant growth and phytopathogenesis is considered.Key words: auxin, indoleacetic acid, microbial, biosynthesis, pathways.

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