Prepatellar Bursitis with Abscess due to Corynebacterium ulcerans

Corynebacteria are ubiquitous and reside as skin and mucosa commensals in animals. They are considered contaminants in clinical specimens, but significant clinical data points to their virulence and pathogenic potential over the last two decades. Corynebacteria can cause both community-acquired and nosocomial infections. Corynebacterium diphtheriae (C. diphtheriae) responsible for diphtheria has declined over the previous two decades with an increase in a similar clinical syndrome by Corynebacterium ulcerans (C. ulcerans) in Europe. As per recent studies, C. ulcerans shares similar virulence factors with C. diphtheriae. C. ulcerans has been implicated in airway infections, skin and soft tissue infections, lymphadenitis, wound infections, and rarely necrotizing fasciitis. Pet or farm animals have been the source of these infections to humans, as per recent reports. Strains can be either toxigenic or nontoxigenic. Due to recent advances, methods to characterize strains have become easier with mass spectrometry. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing is a must for definite treatment as C. ulcerans can be resistant to first-line antibiotic therapy. If resources are available, it is prudent to find if there is any toxin production. Here, we describe a rural farmer in central Missouri presenting with acute-onset right knee pain diagnosed with right prepatellar bursitis with abscess due to C. ulcerans infection. He recovered with surgical debridement and antimicrobial therapy. This is the first case of C. ulcerans causing prepatellar bursitis with an abscess as per medical literature review.

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Catarrhal mastitis by Staphylococcus simulans in a nulliparous goat

Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science ◽

10.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2018.140288 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 55 (3) ◽

pp. e140288

Author(s):

Guilherme Santana De Moura ◽

Michele Flávia Sousa Marques ◽

Fernando Nogueira De Souza ◽

Luciana Bignardi Brisola Casimiro Da Costa ◽

Atzel Candido Acosta Abad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Close Contact ◽

Present Report ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Toxin Production ◽

Clinical Mastitis ◽

Farm Animals ◽

Dairy Goat ◽

Pathogenic Potential ◽

Semi Arid Region ◽

Staphylococcus Simulans

The present paper is a case report of a one-year old nulliparous Alpine Goat belonging to a dairy goat farm in semi-arid region of Brazil. Both glands were naturally infected by α-hemolytic Staphylococcus simulans and evolved similar clinical signs. The mammary glands presented an acute catarrhal mastitis with systemic clinical signs that responded positively to treatment with gentamicin associated with amoxicillin. The present report suggests the importance of the pathogenic potential of non-aureus Staphylococci strains (NAS) as a cause of clinical mastitis also in nulliparous animals. The isolate showed resistance to tetracycline and contained staphylococcal toxin production genes (sec, sec and TSST-1). Moreover, it has been reported that Staphylococcus simulans is an emerging pathogen in humans causing cutaneous and osteoarticular infections, mainly in those in close contact with farm animals. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a clinical mastitis in a nulliparous goat caused by Staphylococcus simulans.

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Forecast of COVID-19 Cases in Nigeria: An implementation of an ARIMA model (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.21150 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sanyaolu Ameye ◽

Michael Awoleye ◽

Emmanuel Agogo ◽

Ette Etuk

Keyword(s):

Predictive Model ◽

Time Series Data ◽

Moving Average ◽

Arima Model ◽

Epidemiological Data ◽

Series Data ◽

Global Pandemic ◽

First Case ◽

Epidemiological Trend ◽

Data Points

BACKGROUND The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019) is a global pandemic and Nigeria is not left out in being affected. Though, the disease is just over three months since first case was identified in the country, we present a predictive model to forecast the number of cases expected to be seen in the country in the next 100 days. OBJECTIVE To implement a predictive model in forecasting the near future number of positive cases expected in the country following the present trend METHODS We performed an Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model prediction on the epidemiological data obtained from Nigerian Centre for Disease Control to predict the epidemiological trend of the prevalence and incidence of COVID-2019. RESULTS There were 93 time series data points which lacked stationarity. From our ARIMA model, it is expected that the number of new cases declared per day will keep rising and towards the early September, 2020, Nigeria is expected to have well above sixty thousand confirmed cases. CONCLUSIONS We however believe that as we have more data points our model will be better fine-tuned.

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Do Animals Play a Role in the Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)? A Commentary

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11010016 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 16

Author(s):

Anna Costagliola ◽

Giovanna Liguori ◽

Danila d’Angelo ◽

Caterina Costa ◽

Francesca Ciani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽

Neutralizing Antibodies ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Infectious Agent ◽

Human Infection ◽

Farm Animals ◽

Partial Protection ◽

Management Measures ◽

First Case ◽

And Behavior

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) belongs to the Beta-coronavirus genus. It is 96.2% homologous to bat CoV RaTG13 and 88% homologous to two bat SARS-like coronaviruses. SARS-CoV-2 is the infectious agent responsible for the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which was first reported in the Hubei province of Wuhan, China, at the beginning of December 2019. Human transmission from COVID-19 patients or incubation carriers occurs via coughing, sneezing, speaking, discharge from the nose, or fecal contamination. Various strains of the virus have been reported around the world, with different virulence and behavior. In addition, SARS-CoV-2 shares certain epitopes with some taxonomically related viruses, with tropism for the most common synanthropic animals. By elucidating the immunological properties of the circulating SARS-CoV-2, a partial protection due to human–animal interactions could be supposed in some situations. In addition, differential epitopes could be used for the differential diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. There have been cases of transmission from people with COVID-19 to pets such as cats and dogs. In addition, wild felines were infected. All These animals were either asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic and recovered spontaneously. Experimental studies showed cats and ferrets to be more susceptible to COVID-19. COVID-19 positive dogs and felines do not transmit the infection to humans. In contrast, minks at farms were severely infected from people with COVID-19. A SARS-Cov-2 variant in the Danish farmed mink that had been previously infected by COVID-19 positive workers, spread to mink workers causing the first case of animal-to-human infection transmission that causes a moderate decreased sensitivity to neutralizing antibodies. Thus, more investigations are necessary. It remains important to understand the risk that people with COVID-19 pose to their pets, as well as wild or farm animals so effective recommendations and risk management measures against COVID-19 can be made. A One Health unit that facilitates collaboration between public health and veterinary services is recommended.

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Successful extracorporeal membrane oxygenation resuscitation of patient with cardiogenic shock induced by phaeochromocytoma crisis mimicking hyperthyroidism: A case report

Open Life Sciences ◽

10.1515/biol-2021-0073 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 746-751

Author(s):

Tao Wang ◽

Qiancheng Xu ◽

Xiaogan Jiang

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation ◽

Cardiogenic Shock ◽

Tumour Size ◽

Acute Onset ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Vanillylmandelic Acid ◽

Membrane Oxygenation ◽

First Case ◽

Va Ecmo

Abstract A 29-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with the acute onset of palpitations, shortness of breath, and haemoptysis. She reported having an abortion (56 days of pregnancy) 1 week before admission because of hyperthyroidism diagnosis during pregnancy. The first diagnoses considered were cardiomyopathy associated with hyperthyroidism, acute left ventricular failure, and hyperthyroidism crisis. The young woman’s cardiocirculatory system collapsed within several hours. Hence, venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) was performed for this patient. Over the next 3 days after ECMO was established, repeat transthoracic echocardiography showed gradual improvements in biventricular function, and later the patient recovered almost completely. The patient’s blood pressure increased to 230/130 mm Hg when the ECMO catheter was removed, and then the diagnosis of phaeochromocytoma was suspected. Computed tomography showed a left suprarenal tumour. The tumour size was 5.8 cm × 5.7 cm with central necrosis. The vanillylmandelic acid concentration was 63.15 mg/24 h. Post-operation, pathology confirmed phaeochromocytoma. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of a patient with cardiogenic shock induced by phaeochromocytoma crisis mimicking hyperthyroidism which was successfully resuscitated by VA ECMO.

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Yersiniosis in New Zealand

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens10020191 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 191

Author(s):

Lucia Rivas ◽

Hugo Strydom ◽

Shevaun Paine ◽

Jing Wang ◽

Jackie Wright

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

One Health ◽

Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Farm Animals ◽

Pathogenic Potential ◽

Targeted Interventions ◽

Serotype O ◽

Large Outbreak ◽

Insufficient Sensitivity

The rate of yersiniosis in New Zealand (NZ) is high compared with other developed countries, and rates have been increasing over recent years. Typically, >99% of human cases in NZ are attributed to Yersinia enterocolitica (YE), although in 2014, a large outbreak of 220 cases was caused by Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. Up until 2012, the most common NZ strain was YE biotype 4. The emergent strain since this time is YE biotype 2/3 serotype O:9. The pathogenic potential of some YE biotypes remains unclear. Most human cases of yersiniosis are considered sporadic without an identifiable source. Key restrictions in previous investigations included insufficient sensitivity for the isolation of Yersinia spp. from foods, although foodborne transmission is the most likely route of infection. In NZ, YE has been isolated from a variety of sick and healthy domestic and farm animals but the pathways from zoonotic reservoir to human remain unproven. Whole-genome sequencing provides unprecedented discriminatory power for typing Yersinia and is now being applied to NZ epidemiological investigations. A “One-Health” approach is necessary to elucidate the routes of transmission of Yersinia and consequently inform targeted interventions for the prevention and management of yersiniosis in NZ

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Aeromonas detection and their toxins from drinking water from reservoirs and drinking fountains

Journal of Water and Health ◽

10.2166/wh.2007.018 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 117-123 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Maria Tereza Pepe Razzolini ◽

Marisa Di Bari ◽

Petra Sanchez Sanchez ◽

Maria Inês Zanoli Sato

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Aquatic Ecosystems ◽

Membrane Filtration ◽

Biochemical Characterization ◽

Toxin Production ◽

Health Concern ◽

Public Health Concern ◽

Emerging Pathogen ◽

Pathogenic Potential ◽

Drinking Water Samples

Aeromonads are inhabitants of aquatic ecosystems and are described as being involved in intestinal disturbances and other infections. A total of 200 drinking water samples from domestic and public reservoirs and drinking fountains located in São Paulo (Brazil), were analyzed for the presence of Aeromonas. Samples were concentrated by membrane filtration and enriched in APW. ADA medium was used for Aeromonas isolation and colonies were confirmed by biochemical characterization. Strains isolated were tested for hemolysin and toxin production. Aeromonas was detected in 12 samples (6.0%). Aeromonas strains (96) were isolated and identified as: A. caviae (41.7%), A.hydrophila (15.7%), A.allosacharophila (10.4%), A. schubertii (1.0%) and Aeromonas spp. (31.2%).The results revealed that 70% of A. caviae, 66.7% of A. hydrophila, 80% of A. allosacharophila and 46.6% of Aeromonas spp. were hemolytic. The assay for checking production of toxins showed that 17.5% of A. caviae, 73.3% of A. hydrophila, 60% of A. allosacharophila, 100% of A. schubertii, and 33.3% of Aeromonas spp. were able to produce toxins. The results demonstrated the pathogenic potential of Aeromonas, indicating that the presence of this emerging pathogen in water systems is a public health concern.

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Acute Onset Polymyositis after Prolactinoma Extirpation

Case Reports in Rheumatology ◽

10.1155/2014/329059 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-2

Author(s):

Juan Jakez-Ocampo ◽

Yemil Atisha-Fregoso ◽

Luis Llorente

Keyword(s):

Autoimmune Diseases ◽

Muscle Biopsy ◽

Steroid Therapy ◽

Acute Onset ◽

Pituitary Macroadenoma ◽

Inflammatory Infiltration ◽

Total Recovery ◽

First Case ◽

Very High

Hyperprolactinemia has been related to autoimmune diseases. Herein, we describe a case of a female with a prolactin producer pituitary macroadenoma who developed severe polymyositis one month after its removal. The patient had very high levels of CPK and muscle biopsy showed remarkable inflammatory infiltration. Steroid therapy was followed with total recovery. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case reported of acute polymyositis after pituitary macroadenoma exeresis.

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Post-Malaria Neurological Syndrome - A Case of Bell’s Palsy After Plasmodium Vivax Malaria

Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society ◽

10.3126/jnps.v33i1.6893 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 66-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

AK Singh ◽

S Chakraborti ◽

S Subhranag

Keyword(s):

Plasmodium Vivax ◽

Vivax Malaria ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Bell’S Palsy ◽

Acute Onset ◽

Blood Film ◽

Bell's Palsy ◽

Neurological Syndrome ◽

First Case ◽

Plasmodium Vivax Malaria

Post-malaria neurological syndrome (PMNS) is defined as the acute onset of neurological or neuropsychiatric syndrome in a patient who had recently recovered from malaria and have negative blood film at the time of onset of neurological symptoms. It is relatively rare, with various clinical symptoms. We report first case of Bell’s palsy developing on 10th day of afebrile period after successful treatment of Plasmodium vivax (P.vivax) malaria and which completely recovered in next two weeks. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v33i1.6893 J Nepal Paediatr Soc. 2013;33(1):66-67

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The Virulence Potential of Livestock-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Cultured from the Airways of Cystic Fibrosis Patients

Toxins ◽

10.3390/toxins12060360 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 360

Author(s):

Janina Treffon ◽

Sarah Ann Fotiadis ◽

Sarah van Alen ◽

Karsten Becker ◽

Barbara C. Kahl

Keyword(s):

Cystic Fibrosis ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Airway Epithelial Cells ◽

Farm Animals ◽

Airway Epithelial ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Virulence Potential ◽

Airway Infections ◽

Severe Infections

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common pathogens that infects the airways of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and contributes to respiratory failure. Recently, livestock-associated methicillin-resistant S. aureus (LA-MRSA), usually cultured in farm animals, were detected in CF airways. Although some of these strains are able to establish severe infections in humans, there is limited knowledge about the role of LA-MRSA virulence in CF lung disease. To address this issue, we analyzed LA-MRSA, hospital-associated (HA-) MRSA and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) clinical isolates recovered early in the course of airway infection and several years after persistence in this hostile environment from pulmonary specimens of nine CF patients regarding important virulence traits such as their hemolytic activity, biofilm formation, invasion in airway epithelial cells, cytotoxicity, and antibiotic susceptibility. We detected that CF LA-MRSA isolates were resistant to tetracycline, more hemolytic and cytotoxic than HA-MRSA, and more invasive than MSSA. Despite the residence in the animal host, LA-MRSA still represent a serious threat to humans, as such clones possess a virulence potential similar or even higher than that of HA-MRSA. Furthermore, we confirmed that S. aureus individually adapts to the airways of CF patients, which eventually impedes the success of antistaphylococcal therapy of airway infections in CF.

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Identification of ventrolateral intramedullary intervertebral disc herniation in a dog

Journal of the South African Veterinary Association ◽

10.4102/jsava.v83i1.103 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 83 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Masato Kitagawa ◽

Midori Okada ◽

Kiichi Kanayama ◽

Takeo Sakai

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Intervertebral Disc ◽

Dura Mater ◽

Disc Herniation ◽

Fibrous Tissue ◽

Acute Onset ◽

Intervertebral Disc Herniation ◽

Thoracic Vertebrae ◽

Exit Point ◽

First Case

A 10-year-old male cross-breed dog was brought to Nihon University Animal Hospital with a history of acute onset of paralysis in the pelvic limbs 13 days previously. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an intramedullary linear tract in the spinal cord at the thoracic vertebrae 12–13 region, which appeared hyperintense on T2-weighted images, but was hypointense and isointense on T1-weighted images when compared with normal parenchyma of the spinal cord. A hemilaminectomy was performed and a blob of what appeared to be fibrous tissue was found adhering to the surface of the dura mater. The diameter of the blob was about 4 mm. A durotomy was performed over the affected area and chondroid material was found within the spinal cord. Material from the nucleus pulposus penetrated the dura mater from the ventral aspect of the spinal cord in previously reported intramedullary intervertebral disc herniation cases, but, in this case, penetration occurred from the left ventrolateral aspect and progressed through to the right lateral aspect, forming a visible blob of what appeared to be fibrous tissue on the surface of the dura mater at the exit point. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first case report of an intramedullary intervertebral disc herniation originating from the ventrolateral aspect of the spinal cord in a dog.

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