scholarly journals Spidroin-Based Biomaterials in Tissue Engineering: General Approaches and Potential Stem Cell Therapies

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Min Li ◽  
Wenbo Hu ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Jinlian Hu
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Spider Silk ◽  
Nerve Repair ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Lung Tissue Engineering ◽  
Spider Silks

Spider silks are increasingly gaining interest for potential use as biomaterials in tissue engineering and biomedical applications. Owing to their facile and versatile processability in native and regenerated forms, they can be easily tuned via chemical synthesis or recombinant technologies to address specific issues required for applications. In the past few decades, native spider silk and recombinant silk materials have been explored for a wide range of applications due to their superior strength, toughness, and elasticity as well as biocompatibility, biodegradation, and nonimmunogenicity. Herein, we present an overview of the recent advances in spider silk protein that fabricate biomaterials for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Beginning with a brief description of biological and mechanical properties of spidroin-based materials and the cellular regulatory mechanism, this review summarizes various types of spidroin-based biomaterials from genetically engineered spider silks and their prospects for specific biomedical applications (e.g., lung tissue engineering, vascularization, bone and cartilage regeneration, and peripheral nerve repair), and finally, we prospected the development direction and manufacturing technology of building more refined and customized spidroin-based protein scaffolds.

Spider Silks: An Overview of Their Component Proteins for Hydrophobicity and Biomedical Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Li ◽  
Chao Bian ◽  
Daiqin Li ◽  
Qiong Shi
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Spider Silk ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Structure Evolution ◽  
Silk Proteins ◽  
Large Molecules ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Silk Glands ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Spider Silks

: Spider silks have received extensive attention from scientists and industries around the world because of their remarkable mechanical properties, which include high tensile strength and extensibility. It is a leading-edge biomaterial resource, with a wide range of potential applications. Spider silks are composed of silk proteins, which are usually very large molecules, yet many silk proteins still remain largely underexplored. While there are numerous reviews on spider silks from diverse perspectives, here we provide a most up-to-date overview of the spider silk component protein family in terms of its molecular structure, evolution, hydrophobicity, and biomedical applications. Given the confusion regarding spidroin naming, we emphasize the need for coherent and consistent nomenclature for spidroins and provide recommendations for preexisting spidroin names that are inconsistent with nomenclature. We then review recent advances in the components, identification, and structures of spidroin genes. We next discuss the hydrophobicity of spidroins, with particular attention on the unique aquatic spider silks. Aquatic spider silks are less known but may inspire innovation in biomaterials. Furthermore, we provide new insights into antimicrobial peptides from spider silk glands. Finally, we present possibilities for future uses of spider silks.

scholarly journals Advanced Hydrogels for Cartilage Tissue Engineering: Recent Progress and Future Directions

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 4199
Author(s):  
Mahshid Hafezi ◽  
Saied Nouri Khorasani ◽  
Mohadeseh Zare ◽  
Rasoul Esmaeely Neisiany ◽  
Pooya Davoodi
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Wide Range

Cartilage is a tension- and load-bearing tissue and has a limited capacity for intrinsic self-healing. While microfracture and arthroplasty are the conventional methods for cartilage repair, these methods are unable to completely heal the damaged tissue. The need to overcome the restrictions of these therapies for cartilage regeneration has expanded the field of cartilage tissue engineering (CTE), in which novel engineering and biological approaches are introduced to accelerate the development of new biomimetic cartilage to replace the injured tissue. Until now, a wide range of hydrogels and cell sources have been employed for CTE to either recapitulate microenvironmental cues during a new tissue growth or to compel the recovery of cartilaginous structures via manipulating biochemical and biomechanical properties of the original tissue. Towards modifying current cartilage treatments, advanced hydrogels have been designed and synthesized in recent years to improve network crosslinking and self-recovery of implanted scaffolds after damage in vivo. This review focused on the recent advances in CTE, especially self-healing hydrogels. The article firstly presents the cartilage tissue, its defects, and treatments. Subsequently, introduces CTE and summarizes the polymeric hydrogels and their advances. Furthermore, characterizations, the advantages, and disadvantages of advanced hydrogels such as multi-materials, IPNs, nanomaterials, and supramolecular are discussed. Afterward, the self-healing hydrogels in CTE, mechanisms, and the physical and chemical methods for the synthesis of such hydrogels for improving the reformation of CTE are introduced. The article then briefly describes the fabrication methods in CTE. Finally, this review presents a conclusion of prevalent challenges and future outlooks for self-healing hydrogels in CTE applications.

Tissue engineering

2013 ◽  
pp. 664-668
Author(s):  
Andrew McCaskie ◽  
Paul Genever ◽  
Cosimo De Bari
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Host Tissue ◽  
Target Tissue ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Cell Matrix ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Regenerative Approach ◽  
Great Relevance ◽  
Functional Interface

The field of tissue engineering has developed rapidly over the last few decades and is of great relevance to musculoskeletal therapy and intervention. Tissue engineering strategies are often considered in a simplified form in terms of cells, scaffolds, and additional factors, although it should be noted that successful translation of such a strategy is more complex. There are many variations of usage and combination and it is not necessary for all three to be provided by the proposed treatment. However, the regenerative approach must produce both the quantity and quality of target tissue at the level of the cell, matrix, and environment. Moreover, the regenerated tissue must interact with the host tissue with a seamless biological and functional interface. Tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and cell therapies have developed significantly over the last few decades and are applicable to a wide range of musculoskeletal applications. Many strategies have been identified that would potentially benefit patients but the future will require successful translation from the laboratory into clinical practice. It is important to identify clinical targets where there is both clinical need and an informed view that the approach is likely to be successful.

scholarly journals Marine Polysaccharides in Pharmaceutical Applications: Fucoidan and Chitosan as Key Players in the Drug Delivery Match Field

Marine Drugs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Isabel Barbosa ◽  
Ana Joyce Coutinho ◽  
Sofia A. Costa Lima ◽  
Salette Reis
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Bioactive Properties ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Per Se

The use of marine-origin polysaccharides has increased in recent research because they are abundant, cheap, biocompatible, and biodegradable. These features motivate their application in nanotechnology as drug delivery systems; in tissue engineering, cancer therapy, or wound dressing; in biosensors; and even water treatment. Given the physicochemical and bioactive properties of fucoidan and chitosan, a wide range of nanostructures has been developed with these polysaccharides per se and in combination. This review provides an outline of these marine polysaccharides, including their sources, chemical structure, biological properties, and nanomedicine applications; their combination as nanoparticles with descriptions of the most commonly used production methods; and their physicochemical and biological properties applied to the design of nanoparticles to deliver several classes of compounds. A final section gives a brief overview of some biomedical applications of fucoidan and chitosan for tissue engineering and wound healing.

Fabrication of Genetically Engineered Silk-Elastin-Like Protein Polymer Fibers

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiguo Qiu ◽  
Joseph Cappello ◽  
Xiaoyi Wu
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Recombinant Dna ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Polymer Fibers ◽  
Structural Support ◽  
Protein Polymer ◽  
Protein Fibers ◽  
Cellular Matrices

Micro- and submicro-diameter protein fibers are fundamental building blocks of extra- and intra-cellular matrices, providing structural support, stability and protection to cells, tissues and organism [1]. Fabricating performance fibers of both naturally derived and genetically engineered proteins has been extensively pursued for a variety of biomedical applications, including tissue engineering and drug delivery [2]. Silk-elastin-like proteins (SELPs), consisting of tandemly repeated polypeptide sequences derived from silk and elastin, have been biosynthesized using recombinant DNA technique [3]. Their potential as a biomaterials in the form of hydrogels continues to be explored [4, 5]. This study will focus on the fabrication of robust, micro-diameter SELP fibers as biomaterials for tissue engineering applications.

scholarly journals Review on the Impact of Polyols on the Properties of Bio-Based Polyesters

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2969
Author(s):  
Kening Lang ◽  
Regina J. Sánchez-Leija ◽  
Richard A. Gross ◽  
Robert J. Linhardt
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Potential Utility ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Soft Tissue Engineering ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Optimal Reaction

Bio-based polyol polyesters are biodegradable elastomers having potential utility in soft tissue engineering. This class of polymers can serve a wide range of biomedical applications. Materials based on these polymers are inherently susceptible to degradation during the period of implantation. Factors that influence the physicochemical properties of polyol polyesters might be useful in achieving a balance between durability and biodegradability. The characterization of these polyol polyesters, together with recent comparative studies involving creative synthesis, mechanical testing, and degradation, have revealed many of their molecular-level differences. The impact of the polyol component on the properties of these bio-based polyesters and the optimal reaction conditions for their synthesis are only now beginning to be resolved. This review describes our current understanding of polyol polyester structural properties as well as a discussion of the more commonly used polyol monomers.

scholarly journals Recent Trends in Chitosan Nanofibers: From Tissue-Engineering to Environmental Importance: A Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saima Wani ◽  
HashAm S Sofi ◽  
Shafquatat Majeed ◽  
Faheem A. Sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Suitable Candidate ◽  
Controlled Drug Delivery System ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Environmental Importance

Chitosan is a biodegradable, biocompatible and extracellular matrix mimicking polymer. These tunable biological properties make chitosan highly useful in a wide range of applications like tissue-engineering, wound dressing material, controlled drug delivery system, biosensors and membrane separators, and as antibacterial coatings etc. Moreover, its similarity with glycosaminoglycans makes its suitable candidate for tissue-engineering. Electrospinning is a novel technique to manufacture nanofibers of chitosan and these nanofibers possess high porosity and surface area, making them excellent candidates for biomedical applications. However, lack of mechanical strength and water insolubility make it difficult to fabricate chitosan nanofibers scaffolds. This often requires blending with other polymers and use of harsh solvents. Also, the functionalization of chitosan with different chemical moieties provides a solution to these limitations. This article reviews the recent trends and sphere of application of chitosan nanofibers produced by electrospinning process. Further, we present the latest developments in the functionalization of this polymer to produce materials of biological and environmental importance.

Advances in nano-biomaterials and their applications in biomedicine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yogita Patil-Sen
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
The Past ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Biomolecules Detection

Nano0technology has received considerable attention and interest over the past few decades in the field of biomedicine due to the wide range of applications it provides in disease diagnosis, drug design and delivery, biomolecules detection, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Ultra-small size and large surface area of nanomaterials prove to be greatly advantageous for their biomedical applications. Moreover, the physico-chemical and thus, the biological properties of nanomaterials can be manipulated depending on the application. However, stability, efficacy and toxicity of nanoparticles remain challenge for researchers working in this area. This mini-review highlights the recent advances of various types of nanoparticles in biomedicine and will be of great value to researchers in the field of materials science, chemistry, biology and medicine.

scholarly journals Genetically Engineered Elastin-based Biomaterials for Biomedical Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (40) ◽  
pp. 7117-7146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes Santos ◽  
Sofía Serrano-Dúcar ◽  
Juan González-Valdivieso ◽  
Reinaldo Vallejo ◽  
Alessandra Girotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Surface Engineering ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Structural Protein ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
Host Interactions ◽  
Innovative Biomaterials ◽  
Assembly Behavior

: Protein-based polymers are some of the most promising candidates for a new generation of innovative biomaterials as recent advances in genetic-engineering and biotechnological techniques mean that protein-based biomaterials can be designed and constructed with a higher degree of complexity and accuracy. Moreover, their sequences, which are derived from structural protein-based modules, can easily be modified to include bioactive motifs that improve their functions and material-host interactions, thereby satisfying fundamental biological requirements. : The accuracy with which these advanced polypeptides can be produced, and their versatility, self-assembly behavior, stimuli-responsiveness and biocompatibility, means that they have attracted increasing attention for use in biomedical applications such as cell culture, tissue engineering, protein purification, surface engineering and controlled drug delivery. : The biopolymers discussed in this review are elastin-derived protein-based polymers which are biologically inspired and biomimetic materials. This review will also focus on the design, synthesis and characterization of these genetically encoded polymers and their potential utility for controlled drug and gene delivery, as well as in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

scholarly journals Biodegradable Polyphosphazene Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering and Delivery of Therapeutics

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda L. Baillargeon ◽  
Kibret Mequanint
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Broad Class ◽  
Reaction Scheme ◽  
Amino Acid Ester ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Wide Range

Degradable biomaterials continue to play a major role in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine as well as for delivering therapeutic agents. Although the chemistry of polyphosphazenes has been studied extensively, a systematic review of their applications for a wide range of biomedical applications is lacking. Polyphosphazenes are synthesized through a relatively well-known two-step reaction scheme which involves the substitution of the initial linear precursor with a wide range of nucleophiles. The ease of substitution has led to the development of a broad class of materials that have been studied for numerous biomedical applications including as scaffold materials for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The objective of this review is to discuss the suitability of poly(amino acid ester)phosphazene biomaterials in regard to their unique stimuli responsive properties, tunable degradation rates and mechanical properties, as well asin vitroandin vivobiocompatibility. The application of these materials in areas such as tissue engineering and drug delivery is discussed systematically. Lastly, the utility of polyphosphazenes is further extended as they are being employed in blend materials for new applications and as another method of tailoring material properties.

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