scholarly journals Metformin Use and Survival in Patients with Advanced Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: A Single-Center Cohort Study in Fuyang, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jinqing Wu ◽  
Yabo Zhou ◽  
Guizhou Wang
Keyword(s):  
Survival Time ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma ◽  
Oral Antidiabetic Agent ◽  
Survival Prognosis ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Imaging Results ◽  
Significant Difference

Aims. Metformin is an oral antidiabetic agent that has been widely prescribed for the treatment of type II diabetes. In recent years, anticancer properties of metformin have been revealed for numerous human malignancies. However, there are few indications available regarding the feasibility and safety of these studies in an advanced extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (EHCC) population. This study is aimed at evaluating the feasibility, safety, and value of metformin use and survival in patients with advanced EHCC. Methods. All patients with advanced EHCC observed at Fuyang People’s Hospital between January 2015 and November 2020 were included in the study. Case data, clinical information, and imaging results were abstracted from the self-administered questionnaire and electronic medical record. All patients were divided into study subjects and control subjects, and the study subjects were given metformin, 0.5 g, three times a day, while control subjects were without metformin. The metformin use and survival time of the subjects were asked by telephone, out-patient, or door-to-door visit, after they left the hospital. Results. One hundred and thirty-three study cases and 589 controls were included in the analysis. This study showed that metformin use cannot improve the overall survival rate of patients with advanced EHCC ([95% CI]: -17.05-0.375, t = − 1.889 , P value = 0.061), but the survival time of patients with drainage treatment from control group ( n = 496 ) was significantly shorter than that of patients with drainage treatment from the study group ( n = 113 ), and the difference was statistically significant ( z = − 2.230 , P value = 0.026). There were significant differences between metformin used before or after the diagnosis of advanced EHCC (OR[95% CI], 3.432[2.617-4.502]; P value = 0.001) in survival time. And there was significant difference between the duration of metformin use and survival prognosis (OR[95% CI], 2.967[1.383-6.368]; P = 0.005 ). Conclusion. Metformin can improve the survival of advanced EHCC patients who underwent drainage treatment, especially for metformin use after diagnosis of advanced EHCC and long duration of metformin.

scholarly journals Correlation between angiographic transit times and neurological status on admission in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage

2016 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 1093-1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Ivanov ◽  
Andreas Linninger ◽  
Chih-Yang Hsu ◽  
Sepideh Amin-Hanjani ◽  
Victor A. Aletich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Angiography Suite ◽  
Transit Times ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

OBJECT The use of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) for semiquantitative cerebral blood flow(CBF) assessment is a new technique. The aim of this study was to determine whether patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) with higher Hunt and Hess grades also had higher angiographic contrast transit times (TTs) than patients with lower grades. METHODS A cohort of 30 patients with aSAH and 10 patients without aSAH was included. Relevant clinical information was collected. A method to measure DSA TTs by color-coding reconstructions from DSA contrast-intensity images was applied. Regions of interest (ROIs) were chosen over major cerebral vessels. The estimated TTs included time-to-peak from 0% to 100% (TTP0–100), TTP from 25% to 100% (TTP25–100), and TT from 100% to 10% (TT100–10) contrast intensities. Statistical analysis was used to compare TTs between Group A (Hunt and Hess Grade I-II), Group B (Hunt and Hess Grade III-IV), and the control group. The correlation coefficient was calculated between different ROIs in aSAH groups. RESULTS There was no difference in demographic factors between Group A (n = 10), Group B (n = 20), and the control group (n = 10). There was a strong correlation in all TTs between ROIs in the middle cerebral artery (M1, M2) and anterior cerebral artery (A1, A2). There was a statistically significant difference between Groups A and B in all TT parameters for ROIs. TT100–10 values in the control group were significantly lower than the values in Group B. CONCLUSIONS The DSA TTs showed significant correlation with Hunt and Hess grades. TT delays appear to be independent of increased intracranial pressure and may be an indicator of decreased CBF in patients with a higher Hunt and Hess grade. This method may serve as an indirect technique to assess relative CBF in the angiography suite.

DISSOCIATION IN ANOREXIA NERVOSA AND BULIMIA NERVOSA

1994 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. Schumaker ◽  
William G. Warren ◽  
Gwenda S. Schreiber ◽  
Craig C. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Degree Of Dissociation ◽  
Eating Disordered ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Significant Difference

The present study employed the Riley Questionnaire of Experiences of Dissociation in order to assess degree of dissociation in females diagnosed with anorexia nervosa and bulimia. The subjects consisted of 26 anorexic and 18 bulimic females, and a non eating-disordered control group of 22 females. Results indicated that eating disordered subjects, considered together, had significantly higher dissociation scores than the non eating-disordered control group. Additionally, when considered separately, both the anorexic and bulimic groups had significantly higher dissociation scores than the control subjects. No significant difference was found in the level of dissociation between anorexic and bulimic groups. These findings are discussed in relation to previous investigations and implications for possible future research and treatment.

scholarly journals Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratios in Patients with RetinalArtery Occlusion

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmut Atum ◽  
Gürsoy Alagöz
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Artery Occlusion ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Retinal Artery ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR) and plateletto- lymphocyte (PLR) ratios in patients with retinal artery occlusion (RAO) with those from a healthy control population and to identify the relationship between them. Methods: Forty-six patients with RAO and fifty-one healthy control subjects were included in this retrospective case-control study. RAO was diagnosed following an ophthalmic examination and fluorescein angiography (FA). Blood neutrophil, lymphocyte, and platelet counts were recorded for each of the 97 subjects, from which NLR and PLR values were calculated. Results: There were 46 patients (28 male [M], 18 female [F]) in the RAO group and 51 patients (27 M, 24 F) in the control group. No significant differences were found between patients with RAO and the control subjects in terms of gender and age (P > 0.05). Patients with RAO had significantly increased NLR values (2.85 ± 1.70) than the control subjects (1.63 ± 0.59, P < 0.001). The mean PLR in patients with RAO was 123.69 ± 64.98, while that in control subjects was 103.08 ± 36.95; there was no significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.055). A logistic regression analysis revealed that NLRs were 3.8 times higher in patients with RAO than in control subjects (odds ratio = 3.880; 95% confidence interval = 1.94 to 7.74; P < 0.001). Conclusion: NLRs were significantly increased in patients with RAO compared to the control subjects.

Thyroid Nodules in Patients with Acromegaly: Frequency According to the ACR TI-RADS Classification and its Relationship with Disease Activity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Can ◽  
Muhammet Kocabaş ◽  
Melia Karakose ◽  
Hatice Caliskan Burgucu ◽  
Zeliha Yarar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Activity ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Abstract Purpose: In our study, we aimed to determine the frequency of thyroid nodules in patients with acromegaly according to the American College of Radiology (ACR) Thyroid Imaging, Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) classification and its relationship with acromegaly disease activity. Methods: A total of 56 patients with acromegaly and age, sex, and body mass index matched with 56 healthy control subjects were included in our study. Thyroid-stimulating hormone, free thyroxine, and anti-thyroperoxidase antibody levels of patients and control subjects were measured. In addition, patients and healthy controls were evaluated by ultrasonography to determine thyroid structure, thyroid volume, and thyroid nodules and to make ACR TI-RADS classification. Results: Thyroid nodules were present in 31 (55.4%) of 56 patients in the acromegaly group and 20 (35.7%) of 56 subjects in the control group, and the frequency of thyroid nodules was significantly higher in the acromegaly group (p=0.038). The mean number of nodules in the acromegaly group and control group was 1.27±1.43 and 0.48±0.73, respectively, and the mean number of nodules was significantly higher in the acromegaly group (p=0.003). The number of patients with TI-RADS 1, TI-RADS 2, and TI-RADS 4 nodules in the acromegaly group was higher than the control group (p=0.026, p=0.049, p=0.007, respectively). No difference was found in terms of cytological findings between those who have undergone FNAB in the acromegaly group and control group. Conclusion: In our study, we found that the frequency of thyroid nodules, the number of thyroid nodules, and the number of TI-RADS 1, TI-RADS 2, and TI-RADS 4 nodules increased in patients with acromegaly. There was no significant difference between acromegaly disease activity and thyroid nodule frequency, number of thyroid nodules, and TI-RADS classifications.

scholarly journals Effect of Neck Exercise on Sitting Posture in Patients With Chronic Neck Pain

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 408-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Falla ◽  
Gwendolen Jull ◽  
Trevor Russell ◽  
Bill Vicenzino ◽  
Paul Hodges
Keyword(s):  
Neck Pain ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Chronic Neck Pain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Upright Posture ◽  
Sitting Posture ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Flexor Muscles

Background and PurposePoor sitting posture has been implicated in the development and perpetuation of neck pain symptoms. This study had 2 purposes: (1) to compare change in cervical and thoracic posture during a distracting task between subjects with chronic neck pain and control subjects and (2) to compare the effects of 2 different neck exercise regimens on the ability of people with neck pain to maintain an upright cervical and thoracic posture during this task.SubjectsFifty-eight subjects with chronic, nonsevere neck pain and 10 control subjects participated in the study.MethodChange in cervical and thoracic posture from an upright posture was measured every 2 minutes during a 10-minute computer task. Following baseline measurements, the subjects with neck pain were randomized into one of two 6-week exercise intervention groups: a group that received training of the craniocervical flexor muscles or a group that received endurance-strength training of the cervical flexor muscles. The primary outcomes following intervention were changes in the angle of cervical and thoracic posture during the computer task.ResultsSubjects with neck pain demonstrated a change in cervical angle across the duration of the task (mean=4.4°; 95% confidence interval [CI]=3.3–5.4), consistent with a more forward head posture. No significant difference was observed for the change in cervical angle across the duration of the task for the control group subjects (mean=2.2°; 95% CI=1.0–3.4). Following intervention, the craniocervical flexor training group demonstrated a significant reduction in the change of cervical angle across the duration of the computer task.Discussion and ConclusionThis study showed that people with chronic neck pain demonstrate a reduced ability to maintain an upright posture when distracted. Following intervention with an exercise program targeted at training the craniocervical flexor muscles, subjects with neck pain demonstrated an improved ability to maintain a neutral cervical posture during prolonged sitting.

Three times of intratumor injection of the sustained released by ROS with penicillin-combined chemotherapy drugs for the long of survival period of the tumor-bearing mouse.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e22098-e22098
Author(s):  
Dong Chen ◽  
Qiang Fu ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Yan Han ◽  
Bian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Intratumoral Injection ◽  
Life Extension ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Extension Rate ◽  
Tumor Diameter ◽  
Chemotherapy Drugs ◽  
Tumor Bearing ◽  
Significant Difference

e22098 Background: To study the effect of sustained release by ROS with hapten for three intratumoral injections of chemical drugs on the survival of tumor-bearing mice. Methods: Mice bearing solid tumors of H22 liver cancer were randomly divided into groups with the longest tumor diameter of about 4-7 mm. They were administered intratumorally the next day, with a second interval of 7 days and an interval of 14 days (the 15th day of the experiment). During the period of administration and observation, the death of mice was observed daily, and the time of death was recorded to calculate the life extension rate. Results: The weight of mice in group Ⅲ and group Ⅳ was lower than that in control group, suggesting that chemotherapeutic drugs caused damage of mice and did not significantly increase body weight. Tumor size: Tumor volume experimental groups were different from the Control group, showing a significant anti-tumor effect; but there was no difference compared with Dox Control. Survival The survival rate of each group of mice is closely related to the tumor progression and drug treatment. The survival rate of each group after 45 days of treatment is significantly higher than that of the Control group. The average survival time of group Ⅳ, group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ was longer than that of control group with significant difference. Conclusions: After intratumoral injection 3 times, the survival time of mice is been prolonged.

scholarly journals Influence of long term stress exposure on somatisation symptoms outcome

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
Sabaheta Hasić ◽  
Emina Kiseljaković ◽  
Radivoj Jadrić ◽  
Belma Zečević ◽  
Nešina Avdagić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stress Exposure ◽  
War Stress ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
And Control

Long term stress exposure results in somatisation symptoms appearance. Cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal and muscle-bone symptoms arise because of intensified activity of autonomic nervous system caused by chronic stress. The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between long term war stress exposure and appearance of somatisation. 40 students of health-care faculties in Sarajevo, of both sexes, were included in investigation and divided in two groups-somatisation and control. Somatisation group subjects (N=20) lived in B&H under war conditions, from 1992-1995. Control subjects (N=20) spent the same period outside B&H. For evaluation of somatisation symptoms we used SCL-90-R test. The obtained data were statistically evaluated using Student’s t-test and χ2 test. Confidence level was set at ρ < 0,05. Our results showed statistically significant difference in somatisation level between somatisation and control subjects group. Different intensity of appearance of certain symptoms in male and female was established. The score of somatisation dimension between somatisation and control group showed statistically significant level (p < 0,0001). Study results confirmed correlation of chronic stress exposure (living in war environment) and somatisation symptom appearance. Individual organic systems had various level of symptom expression. The influence of sex on intensity of individual symptoms of somatisation is possible.

THE EFFECTS OF VASOPRESSIN ON FIBRINOLYSIS AND FACTOR VIII ARE NOT MEDIATED THROUGH V2 RECEPTORS

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
P J Grant ◽  
K K Hampton ◽  
P G Wiles ◽  
C R M Prentice
Keyword(s):  
Factor Viii ◽  
Diabetes Insipidus ◽  
Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Synthetic Analogue ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Long Acting

Vasopressin (aVP) mediates its effects on smooth muscle through V1 receptors and on the kidney via pharmacologically distinct V2 receptors. Infusions of aVP and its long acting synthetic analogue DDAVP both produce increases in factor VIII and fibrinolytic activity in man. V1 receptors are known not to mediate this effect, however it has been suggested that the FVIII response might be mediated by V2 receptors as patients with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus are reported to have no FVIII response to DDAVP. It remains unclear whether this is a true phenomenon or reflects tachyphylaxis to the high vasopressin levels found in nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the pharmacological V2 receptor blocker lithium alters the effect of aVP infusions on FVIII and fibrinolysis in man. 4 control subjects and 6 patients taking long term lithium therapy (mean serum lithium 1.09 mmbl/l) were infused with 2.0 units aVP over 1 hour. Samples were collected for assay of aVP, euglobulin clot lysis time (ECLT) and FVIII coagulant activity (FVIIIC) before and at the end of infusion. In the control subjects median aVP rose from 0.5 to 83 pg/ml at the end of infusion. FVIIIC rose frcm 100 to 333% and plasminogen activator activity (PAA: 106 /ECLT) from 198 to 437 units. In the lithium treated group median aVP rose frcm 0.5 to 68 pg/ml at the end of infusion. FVIIIC rose from 100 to 263% and PAA from 102 to 453 units. There was a significant correlation between the plasma aVP and FVIIIC (r = 0.89 p < 0.005) and PAA (r = 0.92 p < 0.001) in the control group and the lithium treated group (FVIIIC r = 0.81 p < 0.002; PAA r = 0.69 p < 0.02). There was no significant difference between the rise in either FVIIIC or PAA in the lithium treated group compared with controls. These results do not support the hypothesis that the action of aVP on FVIII or fibrinolysis is mediated by V2 receptors. The effects of aVP on haemostasis may either be mediated directly through a third class of receptor or indirectly by the release of an intermediate hormone.

Characterization of tumor mutational burden (TMB), PD-L1, and DNA repair genes to assess correlation with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) response in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC).

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (7_suppl) ◽  
pp. 589-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Labriola ◽  
Jason Zhu ◽  
Rajan Gupta ◽  
Shannon McCall ◽  
Jennifer Jackson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Repair ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Personal Genome ◽  
Dna Repair Genes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Repair Genes

589 Background: ICIs have revolutionized treatment for mRCC; however there are limited predictive biomarkers for response to ICIs. PD-L1 status is still controversial demonstrating little predictive utility in mRCC. TMB is predictive for response to ICIs in melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but has not been validated in mRCC. Here, we assess the correlations between TMB and PD-L1 status with outcomes to ICI treatment in mRCC. Methods: 34 patients (pts) with mRCC who had previously received ICI therapy at Duke Cancer Institute were identified. Tumor samples were retrospectively evaluated using a Personal Genome Diagnostics Assay for somatic variants across > 500 genes, as well as TMB and microsatellite status. Tumor samples were also analyzed with the Dako 28-8 PD-L1 IHC assay. Deidentified clinical information was extracted from the medical record and tumor response was evaluated based on RECIST criteria. Results: Pts were grouped by overall response following ICI therapy into either progressive disease (“PD”, n = 18) or disease control group (“DC”, n = 16), defined as either stable disease, partial response, or complete response. Pts displayed a TMB range from 0.36 to 12.24 mutations/Mb with a mean score of 2.83 muts/Mb, with no significant difference between the PD and DC groups (mean 3.01 muts/Mb vs. 2.63 muts/Mb, p > 0.05). 9 of 32 evaluable samples were PD-L1 positive, with 4 in the PD group and 5 in the DC group. Notably, the DC group displayed a significant enrichment of mutations in genes affiliated with DNA repair (including BRCA1, BRCA2, FANCA, FANCB, FANCG, FANCM, MSH3, MSH6, RAD50, RAD51C, RAD51D, RAD54B, RECQL4, and SLX4; p = 0.0444). Conclusions: Overall, in this mRCC cohort, neither TMB nor PD-L1 correlated with patient outcomes or with ICI response. Furthermore, high TMB was not significantly associated with PD-L1 expression within the samples. The higher frequency of mutations in DNA repair genes in the DC group suggests potential use as a predictive signature for ICI response, warranting future prospective studies.

Functions of Glycosylation Cooled Rabbit Platelets In Vivo and In Vitro.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 3902-3902
Author(s):  
Bao-An Chen ◽  
Cheng-Yin Huang ◽  
Xiao-Ping Pei ◽  
Chong Gao ◽  
Jia-Hua Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Time ◽  
Bleeding Time ◽  
Rabbit Platelet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Rabbit Ear ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rabbit Platelets

Abstract This study was aimed to investigate functions of glycosylation cooled rabbit platelets in vivo and in vitro and the method to store cold platelets with UDP-gal. We collected rabbit heart blood, prepared concentrated platelet suspensions in a normal way to which we added UDP-Gal, and then stored them for ten days in 4° refrigerator. Thereafter platelet counts, mean platelet volume, platelet distributing width, platelet aggregation function, the activity to urge coagulation including PF3aT and APCT and apoptosis were determine- d. Meanwhile, survival time in vivo was tested after cold-stored rabbit platelets labeled with Cr51 were transfused into rabbits. Rabbit ear bleeding time and percentage plate recovery(PPR) were determined 1 hour and 24 hour after they were transfused into rabbit thrombocytopenia model. Results show that there was not significant difference in PLT counts, MPV, PDW, PF3aT and APCT between UDP-Gal cold-stored platelet group and fresh platelet group(p>0.05). On the contrary, platelet counts decreased significantly, MPV, PDW jumped and PF3aT and APCT went down in cold control group compared to fresh platelet group(p<0.01). Apoptosis increase in UDP-Gal cold-stored platelet group compared with fresh platelet group(p<0.05), but was significantly lower than that in cold control group(p<0.01). Although PagT(inducing reagent: C-PG) decreased, it could still be above 50% of fresh platelets. Survival time in rabbit vivo was close between UDP-Gal cold-stored platelet group and fresh platelet group(p<0.05). Survival rate seventy-two hours after transfusion in fresh platelet group, UDP-Gal cold-stored platelet group and cold control group was 57.5%±7.2%,50.3%±6.3% and 0.1%±0.1% respectively. Rabbit ear bleeding time was significantly shortened after transfusion of galactosylation cooled rabbit platelet (p<0.01), In contrast, it had less change in cold control group(p>0.05). PPR was 66.1%±0.5%,47.8%±0.6%;60.9%±0.3%,41.6%±0.4%;47.7%±0.5%,9.4%±0.5% respectively in fresh platelet group, UDP-Gal cold-stored platelet group and cold control group. PPR after transfusion of galactosylation cooled rabbit platelet had no statistical difference compared with that of fresh platelet group(p>0.05), and they in both groups were much higher than that in cold control group(p<0.01). Conclusion: Galactosylation can improve functions of cooled rabbit platelets in vivo and in vitro. and prolong the storage time of them.

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