scholarly journals Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage in Patient with Granulomatosis with Polyangitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Nikhil Madan ◽  
Vipul Patel
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Bowel Infarction ◽  
Small Arteries ◽  
Gastrointestinal Manifestations ◽  
Granulomatous Vasculitis ◽  
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome ◽  
Arteries And Veins

Granulomatosis with polyangitis (GPA) is characterized by a necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis of small arteries and veins. It most commonly affects the upper and lower respiratory tract and kidneys. However, other organs including the gastrointestinal tract can be affected. Gastrointestinal manifestations of GPA are rare and can include ischemia, bowel infarction, and perforation. Hemorrhage is an extremely rare presentation of GPA. We present a case of a woman with GPA and pulmonary renal syndrome on treatment who presents with severe gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

Endoscopic Treatment of Amyloidosis of the Nasopharynx

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan A. Lesserson ◽  
Douglas G. Finn
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Endoscopic Treatment ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Localized Amyloidosis ◽  
Neck Area

Amyloidosis of the nasopharynx is a rare presentation of localized amyloidosis. The majority of systemic amyloidosis cases involve the heart, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, and upper and lower respiratory tract. Localized amyloidosis involving only one site is less common, but has been observed in the head and neck area, particularly in the larynx or the oral cavity. Amyloidosis in the nasopharynx has been reported in only seven previous cases in the English literature.

Recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding due to jejunal artery vasculitis as debut presentation of granulomatosis with polyangiitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. e237876
Author(s):  
Saddam Yasin ◽  
Kanwal Mehmood
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Gastrointestinal Involvement ◽  
Small Arteries ◽  
Arteries And Veins ◽  
Late Manifestation

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is characterised by systemic necrotising vasculitis of small arteries and veins with multitude of organ involvement, with the most common being the upper and lower respiratory tract and renal system. Gastrointestinal involvement is a rare late manifestation with a high mortality rate and usually results in intestinal perforation. Our patient presented with gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to jejunal artery vasculitis. Gastrointestinal bleeding as initial presentation of GPA is very rarely documented. CT mesenteric angiogram is helpful for the localisation of bleed in these cases. In case of refractory bleeding, surgical excision is required.

scholarly journals Rectal Dieulafoy’s Lesion: A Rare Etiology of Lower Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Omar Then ◽  
Rani Bijjam ◽  
Andrew Ofosu ◽  
Prashanth Rawla ◽  
Andrea Culliford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ◽  
Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Lower Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ◽  
Dieulafoy’S Lesion ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Submucosal Vessel ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

A Dieulafoy’s lesion is defined as a dilated submucosal vessel that erodes the overlying epithelium without evidence of a primary ulcer or erosion. It is a rare cause of gastrointestinal bleeding that is difficult to identify and subsequently manage. Most commonly, they occur in the upper gastrointestinal tract, namely the stomach. A Dieulafoy’s lesion of the rectum, however, is an exceedingly rare presentation that can lead to life-threatening gastrointestinal bleeding. Our case consists of an 84-year-old man, who presented with lower gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to a Dieulafoy’s lesion of the rectum.

scholarly journals Central Nervous System Vasculitis as a Rare Presentation of Mycoplasma pneumoniae: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-409
Author(s):  
Ashraf Omer Elamin Ahmed ◽  
Mona Mohammad Ibraheem Babikir ◽  
Amir Elssoni Mahjoup Khojali ◽  
Suresh Nalaka Menik Arachchige ◽  
Abdirahman Mohamud Abdirahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Central Nervous System Involvement ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Central Nervous System Vasculitis ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Systemic Involvement ◽  
Tract Infections

<i>Mycobacteria pneumoniae</i> (MP) commonly causes upper and lower respiratory tract infections. The clinical manifestation is classified as pulmonary and extrapulmonary. These manifestations vary according to the involved system. MP may affect one system or more at a time. Commonly prodromal respiratory symptoms precede systemic involvement. Central nervous system involvement in uncommon. This report is presenting a rare case of central nervous system vasculitis secondary to MP, highlighting the diagnosis and management with a succinct literature review.

Massive Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage in the Newborn Infant

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 482-483
Author(s):  
EDWARD G. STANLEY-BROWN ◽  
STUART S. STEVENSON
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Newborn Infant ◽  
Vitamin K ◽  
Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ◽  
Peptic Ulceration ◽  
Blood Replacement ◽  
Massive Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage

During the nine-year period from 1955 to 1964 we have cared for eight newly born infants with massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage. No patient died, none was operated upon, and all eight required blood replacement by transfusion. In each case there was hematemesis as well as tarry stools with the onset of bleeding as early as 24 hours of age to as late as 5 days. Each patient received Vitamin K medication and none had hematuria, purpura, or any evidence of bleeding from sites other than the gastrointestinal tract. Brayton suggests that peptic ulceration of the duodenum or stomach is probably the actual cause of many gastrointestinal hemorrhages which have heretofore been classified as idiopathic.

Gastric Teratoma: Unusual Cause for Bleeding of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract in the Newborn

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 721-724
Author(s):  
Mitchell S. Cairo ◽  
Jay L. Grosfeld ◽  
Robert M. Weetman
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ◽  
Abdominal Mass ◽  
Outlet Obstruction ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Recurrent Bleeding ◽  
Rare Occurrence ◽  
Gastric Teratoma ◽  
Abdominal Radiographs ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Bleeding of the upper gastrointestinal tract in the full-term newborn is a relatively benign and rare occurrence. This report describes a female infant with a gastric teratoma who experienced recurrent bleeding of the upper gastrointestinal tract as a neonate and infant secondary to gastric outlet obstruction. Anteroposterior and lateral abdominal radiographs revealed a large calcified abdominal mass with the pathognomonic features of a teratoma with a mandible and teeth. Gastric teratomas have not been previously reported as an etiologic or predisposing condition of gastrointestinal hemorrhage in two large reviews concerning this topic in the newborn and infant. This patient represents the 51st case and only the second female described in the literature. The frequency and unusual features of this treatable lesion, as well as the diagnostic approach to bleeding of the upper gastrointestinal tract in the newborn, are reviewed.

Small vessel membrane potential, sympathetic input, and electrogenic pump rate in SHR

1986 ◽  
Vol 250 (4) ◽  
pp. C547-C556 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Stekiel ◽  
S. J. Contney ◽  
J. H. Lombard
Keyword(s):  
Jejunal Loop ◽  
Physiological Salt Solution ◽  
Mesenteric Vessel ◽  
Small Arteries ◽  
Wistar Kyoto ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine ◽  
Arteries And Veins ◽  
Made In

Comparative measurements of transmembrane potential (Em) were made in situ in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSM) of mesenteric small principal arteries and veins with innervation and circulation intact. Vessels were in an externalized, topically suffused jejunal loop in 4- to 5-wk-old (initial hypertension) and 12- to 15-wk-old (established hypertension) anesthetized, spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) normotensive control rats. Comparable in vitro measurements of Em were also made in VSM of isolated intact small mesenteric vessel segments (from the 12- to 15-wk-old animals) maintained at their in situ lengths and suffused with physiological salt solution (PSS). During suffusion in situ with control PSS, VSM of both small veins and arteries in older (but not younger)SHR were less polarized than in WKY. Local chemical sympathetic denervation in situ (with 6-hydroxydopamine) hyperpolarized VSM of both vessel types in older (but not younger) SHR to the same Em levels measured in situ in respective WKY vessels. After local denervation, VSM of small arteries (but not veins) of both SHR and WKY remained less polarized in situ than in vitro, suggesting the presence of one or more circulating factors with a specific depolarizing action on the arterial side in both animal types. In vitro, VSM of both small arteries and veins from WKY but not SHR were depolarized immediately by 10(-3) M ouabain. In contrast, reduction of the PSS suffusate temperature to 16 degrees C caused a significantly greater depolarization in VSM of SHR vessels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Changes in Cerebral Arterial, Tissue and Venous Oxygenation with Evoked Neural Stimulation: Implications for Hemoglobin-Based Functional Neuroimaging

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 428-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto L Vazquez ◽  
Mitsuhiro Fukuda ◽  
Michelle L Tasker ◽  
Kazuto Masamoto ◽  
Seong-Gi Kim
Keyword(s):  
Brain Function ◽  
Functional Neuroimaging ◽  
Sensory Stimulation ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Neural Stimulation ◽  
Blood Oxygen ◽  
Pial Arteries ◽  
Small Arteries ◽  
Arteries And Veins ◽  
Stimulation Of

Little is known regarding the changes in blood oxygen tension (PO2) with changes in brain function. This work aimed to measure the blood PO2 in surface arteries and veins as well as tissue with evoked somato-sensory stimulation in the anesthetized rat. Electrical stimulation of the forepaw induced average increases in blood flow of 44% as well as increases in the tissue PO2 of 28%. More importantly, increases in PO2 throughout pial arteries (resting diameters=59 to 129 μm) and pial veins (resting diameters=62 to 361 μm) were observed. The largest increases in vascular PO2 were observed in the small veins (from 33 to 40 mm Hg) and small arteries (from 78 to 88 mm Hg). The changes in oxygen saturation (SO2) were calculated and the largest increases were observed in small veins (Δ=+11%) while its increase in small arteries was small (Δ=+4%). The average diameter of arterial vessels was observed to increase by 4 to 6% while that of veins was not observed to change with evoked stimulation. These findings show that the increases in arterial PO2 contribute to the hyper-oxygenation of tissue and, mostly likely, also to the signal changes in hemoglobin-based functional imaging methods (e.g. BOLD fMRI).

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