scholarly journals Rapid Assessment and Classification for Seismic Damage of Mountain Tunnel Based on Concentric Circle Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Hua Xu ◽  
Jingsong Xu ◽  
Runfang Sun ◽  
Hefu Pu ◽  
Yin Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Damage Index ◽  
Circle Method ◽  
Seismic Damage ◽  
Concentric Circle ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
New Method ◽  
Mountain Tunnels ◽  
Mountain Tunnel

Concentric circle method (CCM), a new method based on analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and numerical discretization of 40 mountain tunnels damaged by Wenchuan earthquake in China, is proposed to rapidly assess the seismic damage level (SDL) of mountain tunnels. The new method consists of four components. First, according to the type and degree of seismic damage of tunnel, the whole tunnel is divided into a number of successive sections. Second, four factors (i.e., slope and portal damage, lining damage, pavement damage, and earthquake collapse) are selected as the main controlling factor set, and then multilevel factor sets are proposed to establish the assessment system. Third, the discretized assessment indexes and classification criteria are established for the rapid assessment of SDL of mountain tunnel. Finally, based on the comprehensive analysis on the SDL of each section, the SDL of the whole tunnel is calculated in terms of the seismic damage index and synthetic radius. With the assessment results shown on a straightforward concentric circle diagram, the proposed CCM method can rapidly and reliably assess the SDL of mountain tunnel to win over precious time for emergency rescue and provide references for the repair of damaged tunnel. In addition, the accuracy and applicability of the proposed method is verified by using a case study of Longxi tunnel located at the epicenter of the Wenchuan earthquake in China.

Investigation and Analysis on Seismic Damages of Mountain Tunnels Subjected to Wenchuan Earthquake

2011 ◽  
Vol 99-100 ◽  
pp. 273-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shang Jiang Tao ◽  
Bo Gao ◽  
Yu Min Wen ◽  
Xiang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Seismic Damage ◽  
Underground Structures ◽  
The Public ◽  
Severe Intensity ◽  
Mountain Tunnels ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Earthquake Damages ◽  
Resistance Performance

Wenchuan earthquake of May 12 struck China with amazement in 2008, which inflicted the devastating destruction to the public transport infrastructures in Sichuan province. Generally speaking, underground structures have the stronger seismic resistance performance compared to ground-level structures. However, seismic disasters of mountain tunnels were fairly conspicuous after the earthquake. Based on the references about tunnel earthquake damages at home and abroad (Dowding and Rozen, 1978; Huo, 2005; Rozen, 1976; Youssef, 2001; wang, 2001), more attentions should be paid to the prevention and mitigation of tunnel seismic hazards under severe intensity earthquakes. This paper describes some typical earthquake damages to mountain tunnels during Wenchuan earthquake and presents the basic characteristics of the tunnel seismic damage as well. Meanwhile, the possible reasons for the seismic damage and the corresponding measures for relieving or resisting the damage are also given.

Effects of Epicentral Distance and Seismogenic Fault Distance on Seismic Damage of Dams in Wenchuan Earthquake

2013 ◽  
Vol 353-356 ◽  
pp. 2187-2190
Author(s):  
Haian Liang ◽  
Li Ping Jing ◽  
Ze Ping Yang ◽  
Yong Qiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Epicentral Distance ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Large Earthquake ◽  
Seismic Damage ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Seismogenic Fault ◽  
Damage Rate ◽  
Motion Parameters

Epicentral distance and seismogeonic fault distances as crucial ground motion parameters of attenuation relationship are widely accepted indexes for rapid assessment of seismic scenario. Based on the geographical information of 379 heavily damaged dams in Wenchuan Earthquake, 2008, China, the distribution of damaged dams is analyzed statistically. Specifically, the correlation of damage rate & epicentral distance and that of damage proportion & seismogenic fault distance are compared, and corresponding equations are developed respectively using least square methods. The investigation shows that there exists a closer relationship between seismic damage and seismogenic fault distance than between damage and epicentral distance for Wenchuan earthquake. It is concluded that the index of seismogenic fault distance is more applicable to large earthquake, while Epicentral distance is a more accurate index for small and mid-level earthquakes.

Seismic damage mechanism and dynamic deformation characteristic analysis of mountain tunnel after Wenchuan earthquake

2014 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. 85-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusheng Shen ◽  
Bo Gao ◽  
Xiaoming Yang ◽  
Shuangjiang Tao
Keyword(s):  
Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Dynamic Deformation ◽  
Deformation Characteristic ◽  
Damage Mechanism ◽  
Seismic Damage ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Mountain Tunnel

Seismic damage of mountain tunnels during the 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1958-1972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai-tao Yu ◽  
Jun-tao Chen ◽  
Yong Yuan ◽  
Xu Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Seismic Damage ◽  
Mountain Tunnels ◽  
5.12 Wenchuan Earthquake

scholarly journals Hybrid backpropagation neural network-particle swarm optimization for seismic damage building prediction

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 360
Author(s):  
Marina Yusoff ◽  
Faris Mohd Najib ◽  
Rozaina Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Particle Swarm Optimization ◽  
Damage Index ◽  
Particle Swarm ◽  
Seismic Damage ◽  
Backpropagation Neural Network ◽  
Swarm Optimization ◽  
Local Optima ◽  
Damage Indices ◽  
Prediction Problems

The evaluation of the vulnerability of buildings to earthquakes is of prime importance to ensure a good plan can be generated for the disaster preparedness to civilians. Most of the attempts are directed in calculating the damage index of buildings to determine and predict the vulnerability to certain scales of earthquakes. Most of the solutions used are traditional methods which are time consuming and complex. Some of initiatives have proven that the artificial neural network methods have the potential in solving earthquakes prediction problems. However, these methods have limitations in terms of suffering from local optima, premature convergence and overfitting. To overcome this challenging issue, this paper introduces a new solution to the prediction on the seismic damage index of buildings with the application of hybrid back propagation neural network and particle swarm optimization (BPNN-PSO) method. The prediction was based on damage indices of 35 buildings around Malaysia. The BPNN-PSO demonstrated a better result of 89% accuracy compared to the traditional backpropagation neural network with only 84%. The capability of PSO supports fast convergence method has shown good effort to improve the processing time and accuracy of the results.

The interpretation of cumulative damage from the building response observed in Mexico City during the 19 September 2017 earthquake

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 199-212
Author(s):  
Mario E Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Mexico City ◽  
Damage Index ◽  
Seismic Damage ◽  
Building Codes ◽  
Cumulative Damage ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Building Behavior ◽  
Observed Damage

This work evaluates the damage to and collapse of a set of buildings in the September 2017 earthquake in Mexico City; these buildings were also subjected to the September 1985 Mexico City earthquake. These buildings were located in the area of the highest rate of damage or collapse in 1985, but buildings exhibiting significant damage or collapse in 2017 did not possess any retrofitting. The spectral demands for these buildings, based on typical records registered in the earthquakes of 1985 and 2017, were not much different, suggesting the need to explain why the buildings that collapsed suffered severe damage in 2017 but not in 1985. This building behavior was analyzed using a seismic damage index Id, previously proposed by the author, which considers the effect of cumulative damage. The results indicated that the observed damage to and collapse of these buildings in the September 2017 earthquake can be explained by the effect of cumulative seismic damage. Recommendations are given for possible improvements to the seismic building codes in Mexico.

scholarly journals Seismic Damage Model of Bridge Piers Subjected to Biaxial Loading Considering the Impact of Energy Dissipation

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shangshun Lin ◽  
Zhanghua Xia ◽  
Jian Xia
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Biaxial Loading ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Damage Model ◽  
Damage Index ◽  
Seismic Damage ◽  
Bridge Piers ◽  
Dissipated Energy ◽  
The Impact

The large degradation of the mechanical performance of hollow reinforced concrete (RC) bridge piers subjected to multi-dimensional earthquakes has not been thoroughly assessed. This paper aims to improve the existing seismic damage model to assess the seismic properties of tall, hollow RC piers subjected to pseudo-static, biaxial loading. Cyclic bilateral loading tests on fourteen 1/14-scale pier specimens with different slenderness ratios, axial load ratios, and transverse reinforcement ratios were carried out to investigate the damage propagation and the cumulative dissipated energy with displacement loads. By considering the influence of energy dissipation on structural damage, a new damage model (M-Usami model) was developed to assess the damage characteristics of hollow RC piers. The results present four consecutive damage stages during the loading process: (a) cracking on concrete surface, (b) yielding of longitudinal reinforcements; (c) spalling of concrete, and (d) collapsing of pier after the concrete crushed and the longitudinal bars ruptured due to the flexural failure. The damage level caused by the seismic waves can be reduced by designing specimens with a good seismic energy dissipation capacity. The theoretical damage index values calculated by the M-Usami model agreed well with the experimental observations. The developed M-Usami model can provide insights into the approaches to assessing the seismic damage of hollow RC piers subjected to bilateral seismic excitations.

Comparison of macroseismic-intensity scales by considering empirical observations of structural seismic damage

2020 ◽  
pp. 875529302094417
Author(s):  
Siqi Li ◽  
Yongsheng Chen ◽  
Tianlai Yu
Keyword(s):  
Structural Damage ◽  
Damage Index ◽  
Seismic Damage ◽  
Seismic Intensity ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Macroseismic Intensity ◽  
Intensity Scale ◽  
Failure Characteristics ◽  
Damage Survey ◽  
Seismic Engineering

In practice, seismic intensity is evaluated in accordance with a macroseismic-intensity scale recognized in the field of seismic engineering globally. The application of different seismic-intensity scales to evaluate the seismic damage of a specific structure due to an earthquake yields diverse results. On this basis, this study compared a few extensively used macroseismic-intensity scales. The results can be used as a reference to develop an international intensity scale. According to empirical structural-damage survey data from the Wenchuan earthquake (Mw = 8.0) that occurred on 12 May 2008 in China, the European Macroseismic Scale (EMS)-98, Medvedev, Sponheuer, and Karnik (MSK)-81, and Chinese Seismic Intensity Scale (CSIS)-08 intensity scales were utilized to evaluate the resulting damage. This study carried out a vulnerability analysis of typical structures, established vulnerability seismic-damage matrices, and mapped out vulnerability curves under different intensities. Our objective is to demonstrate that the use of multiple intensity scales can lead to very different intensity levels. The differences in the damage of typical structures under different intensity levels were obtained from an evaluation using the three aforementioned intensity scales. As a result, a calculation model of the mean damage index is proposed herein. Ultimately, this article conducted an analysis on the failure characteristics of typical structures in an earthquake and provided effective measures to improve seismic performance for future reference.

Development and application of a low-cost rapid assessment system for coastal benthic habitats

2019 ◽  
Vol 191 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caryl S. Benjamin ◽  
Patrick Lawrence P. Cadeliña ◽  
Aletta T. Yñiguez ◽  
Cesar L. Villanoy
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Benthic Habitats
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