Extracellular Amino Acids as Markers of Myocardial Ischemia during Cardioplegic Heart Arrest

Cardiology ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Kennergren ◽  
Vittorio Mantovani ◽  
Peter Lönnroth ◽  
Britta Nyström ◽  
Eva Berglin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Heart Arrest

Cardiac outflow of amino acids and purines during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion

2003 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 1122-1128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Bäckström ◽  
Michel Goiny ◽  
Ulf Lockowandt ◽  
Jan Liska ◽  
Anders Franco-Cereceda
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Myocardial Damage ◽  
External Jugular Vein ◽  
Ischemia And Reperfusion ◽  
Venous Outflow ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia And Reperfusion ◽  
Great Cardiac Vein

A novel application of microdialysis was studied, in which myocardial outflow of amino acids and purines was monitored by intravasal microdialysis in the myocardial venous outflow during ischemia and reperfusion. Microdialysis catheters were introduced into the great cardiac vein, pulmonary artery, and external jugular vein in 20 anesthetized pigs. The left anterior descending artery was occluded in four groups of pigs for 0, 10, 15, and 60 min. Ischemia was followed by 120 min of reperfusion. Microdialysis samples were analyzed for taurine, aspartate, glutamate, hypoxanthine, inosine, and guanosine. Myocardial infarction developed when ischemia exceeded 10 min. Taurine, aspartate, inosine, and guanosine increased early in the great cardiac vein during ischemia. We found the outflow patterns of amino acids and purines to be graded in response to different lengths of ischemia. In this study we have demonstrated a graded outflow of amino acids and purines in response to ischemia and a positive correlation between infarct size and myocardial outflow of amino acids and purines. This could be of value in a clinical setting to quantify the extent of myocardial damage.

scholarly journals Relationship between the level of blood plasma amino acids with daily amount of group ventricular extrasystoles and the duration of pain or painless myocardial ischemia in patients with stable and unstable angina

2020 ◽  
pp. 100-103
Author(s):  
T.V. Bogdan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Unstable Angina ◽  
Prognostic Indicators ◽  
Ventricular Extrasystoles ◽  
Sulfur Containing ◽  
Amino Acid Spectrum

It is now known that the human body suffering from coronary heart disease is trying to adapt to new working conditions through biochemical rearrangements, one of which is to increase the involvement of amino acids in car diomyocyte metabolism. Amino acids are metabolized in the myocardium under normal conditions, myocardial ischemia leads to a major restructuring of biochemical reactions, which increases the use of amino acids as metabolites. It is proved that myocardial ischemia, painless myocardial ischemia, and group ventricular extrasystoles are prognostic indicators of the adverse course of ischemic heart disease. According to the results of the study, in patients with stable (SA) or unstable angina (UA), the reliable correlations between the frequency of group ventricular extrasystoles and painless or painful myocardial ischemia with the levels of arginine, the amount of sulfur-containing amino acids and amino acids with branched lateral chain are formed. This indicates the pathogenetic role of the imbalance of the amino acid spectrum of blood plasma in the development of atherosclerosis, destabilization of coronary circulation, and the emergence of cardiac arrhythmia.

scholarly journals Influence of antianginal therapy and L-arginine on serum essential aminoacids spectrum among patients with unstable angina

2019 ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
T. V. Zavalskaya ◽  
V. V. Bogdan
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Acetylsalicylic Acid ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Unstable Angina ◽  
Liquid Column Chromatography ◽  
Group I ◽  
Intracellular Metabolism

The patients with unstable angina (UA) were examined using the method of ion exchange liquid-column chromatography. The content of the substitutable amino acids (AA) in blood serum was determined: ornithine, taurine, aspartic acid, serine, glutamic acid, proline, glycine, alanine, cysteine, tyrosine, glutamine. The patients were divided into two groups: І – 37 people who received cardicet, bisoprolol, atoris, enap, acetylsalicylic acid, clopidogrel; ІІ – 38 people, the therapy of which, in addition to the mentioned drugs, included L-arginine (100 ml intravenous for 10 days). The results of the study indicate a different dynamics of changes in the level of substitute AK in serum in patients with NA, who received anti-anginal therapy and anti-anginal therapy with L-arginine. Attention is drawn to the fact that in patients with Group I after treatment, the total amount of replacement AA significantly decreased in comparison with the II group in 1,2 times, but remained unchanged compared with the indicator before treatment. In patients of the ІІ group, the total amount of substitute AK in serum is significantly reduced in comparison with kontrol group in 1.4 times, and compared with the indicator before treatment – in 1.2 times. That is, the inclusion of L-arginine in anti-anginal therapy promotes the enhancement of their intracellular metabolism in conditions of coronary circulatory destabilization. In patients with UA, antianginal therapy which included L-arginine, there was a normalization of such alternating AAs as ornithine, taurine and glycine, which can be considered as compensatory, protective reactions in myocardial ischemia. Thus, L-arginine effectively affects the balance of substitute AA blood plasma in patients with UA.

Homochirality as the Signature of Extra-Terrestrial Life

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 505-510
Author(s):  
Alexandra J. MacDermott ◽  
Laurence D. Barron ◽  
Andrè Brack ◽  
Thomas Buhse ◽  
John R. Cronin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Optical Rotation ◽  
Physical Origin ◽  
Natural Choice ◽  
Rosetta Mission ◽  
Terrestrial Life ◽  
Subsurface Layers ◽  
Solar System Bodies ◽  
Origin Of Homochirality

AbstractThe most characteristic hallmark of life is its homochirality: all biomolecules are usually of one hand, e.g. on Earth life uses only L-amino acids for protein synthesis and not their D mirror images. We therefore suggest that a search for extra-terrestrial life can be approached as a Search for Extra- Terrestrial Homochirality (SETH). The natural choice for a SETH instrument is optical rotation, and we describe a novel miniaturized space polarimeter, called the SETH Cigar, which could be used to detect optical rotation as the homochiral signature of life on other planets. Moving parts are avoided by replacing the normal rotating polarizer by multiple fixed polarizers at different angles as in the eye of the bee. We believe that homochirality may be found in the subsurface layers on Mars as a relic of extinct life, and on other solar system bodies as a sign of advanced pre-biotic chemistry. We discuss the chiral GC-MS planned for the Roland lander of the Rosetta mission to a comet and conclude with theories of the physical origin of homochirality.

Hydrogen Cyanide Polymers from the Impact of Comet P/Shoemaker-Levy 9 on Jupiter

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 179-187
Author(s):  
Clifford N. Matthews ◽  
Rose A. Pesce-Rodriguez ◽  
Shirley A. Liebman
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Solar System ◽  
Hydrogen Cyanide ◽  
Nitrogen Heterocycles ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Heterogeneous Solids ◽  
The Many ◽  
Comet Halley ◽  
The Impact ◽  
By Products

AbstractHydrogen cyanide polymers – heterogeneous solids ranging in color from yellow to orange to brown to black – may be among the organic macromolecules most readily formed within the Solar System. The non-volatile black crust of comet Halley, for example, as well as the extensive orangebrown streaks in the atmosphere of Jupiter, might consist largely of such polymers synthesized from HCN formed by photolysis of methane and ammonia, the color observed depending on the concentration of HCN involved. Laboratory studies of these ubiquitous compounds point to the presence of polyamidine structures synthesized directly from hydrogen cyanide. These would be converted by water to polypeptides which can be further hydrolyzed to α-amino acids. Black polymers and multimers with conjugated ladder structures derived from HCN could also be formed and might well be the source of the many nitrogen heterocycles, adenine included, observed after pyrolysis. The dark brown color arising from the impacts of comet P/Shoemaker-Levy 9 on Jupiter might therefore be mainly caused by the presence of HCN polymers, whether originally present, deposited by the impactor or synthesized directly from HCN. Spectroscopic detection of these predicted macromolecules and their hydrolytic and pyrolytic by-products would strengthen significantly the hypothesis that cyanide polymerization is a preferred pathway for prebiotic and extraterrestrial chemistry.

Methionine-Specific Staining of Collagen

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 294-295
Author(s):  
E.M. Kuhn ◽  
K.D. Marenus ◽  
M. Beer
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Type Iii Collagen ◽  
Type I ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Good Correspondence ◽  
Specific Staining ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Sulfur Containing

Fibers composed of different types of collagen cannot be differentiated by conventional electron microscopic stains. We are developing staining procedures aimed at identifying collagen fibers of different types.Pt(Gly-L-Met)Cl binds specifically to sulfur-containing amino acids. Different collagens have methionine (met) residues at somewhat different positions. A good correspondence has been reported between known met positions and Pt(GLM) bands in rat Type I SLS (collagen aggregates in which molecules lie adjacent to each other in exact register). We have confirmed this relationship in Type III collagen SLS (Fig. 1).

Prevalence of the pit and antipit in the genus Glycine

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 986-987
Author(s):  
R. W. Yaklich ◽  
E. L. Vigil ◽  
W. P. Wergin
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Abaxial Surface ◽  
Legume Seed ◽  
Initial Report ◽  
Cone Cells ◽  
Glycine Max L

The legume seed coat is the site of sucrose unloading and the metabolism of imported ureides and synthesis of amino acids for the developing embryo. The cell types directly responsible for these functions in the seed coat are not known. We recently described a convex layer of tissue on the inside surface of the soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) seed coat that was termed “antipit” because it was in direct opposition to the concave pit on the abaxial surface of the cotyledon. Cone cells of the antipit contained numerous hypertrophied Golgi apparatus and laminated rough endoplasmic reticulum common to actively secreting cells. The initial report by Dzikowski (1936) described the morphology of the pit and antipit in G. max and found these structures in only 68 of the 169 seed accessions examined.

Imaging polymers, proteins and dna in aqueous solutions with the atomic force microscope

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 32-33
Author(s):  
S.A.C. Gould ◽  
B. Drake ◽  
C.B. Prater ◽  
A.L. Weisenhorn ◽  
S.M. Lindsay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Dna Sequencing ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Atomic Force Microscope ◽  
Piezoelectric Crystal ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Structure Of Molecules ◽  
Optical Lever

The atomic force microscope (AFM) is an instrument that can be used to image many samples of interest in biology and medicine. Images of polymerized amino acids, polyalanine and polyphenylalanine demonstrate the potential of the AFM for revealing the structure of molecules. Images of the protein fibrinogen which agree with TEM images demonstrate that the AFM can provide topographical data on larger molecules. Finally, images of DNA suggest the AFM may soon provide an easier and faster technique for DNA sequencing.The AFM consists of a microfabricated SiO2 triangular shaped cantilever with a diamond tip affixed at the elbow to act as a probe. The sample is mounted on a electronically driven piezoelectric crystal. It is then placed in contact with the tip and scanned. The topography of the surface causes minute deflections in the 100 μm long cantilever which are detected using an optical lever.

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