scholarly journals Effects of Three Kinds of Curcuminoids on Anti-Oxidative System and Membrane Deformation of Human Peripheral Blood Erythrocytes in High Glucose Levels

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 789-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Yang ◽  
Juan Fu ◽  
Miao Yu ◽  
Di Wang ◽  
Ying Rong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Human Erythrocytes ◽  
Protein Glycation ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Stress Damage

Background/Aims: Curcuminoids are the main bioactive constituents of the rhizome of turmeric. Erythrocytes lesions in diabetes are probably related to hyperglycemia and protein glycation. It has been reported that curcumin prevent lipid peroxidation. However, reports on the effects of demethoxycurcumin and bis-demethoxycurcumin on human erythrocytes at high glucose levels are scarce. Our aim is to investigate the effect of curcuminoids on oxidative stress and membrane of erythrocytes exposed to hyperglycemic condition. Methods: In this study, the different blood samples were treated with two doses of glucose (10 or 30 mM) to mimic hyperglycemia in the presence or absence of three kinds of curcuminoids (5 or 10 μM) in a medium at 37 °C for 24 h (Each experiment consists of 20 blood samples from 10 male and 10 female volunteers). The malondialdehyde was checked by HPLC, antioxidase (GSH and GSSG) were measured by LC/MS, SOD was checked by WST-1 kit, morphology and phospholipid symmetry were detected by flow cytometry, confocal scanning microscope and scanning electron microscope. Results: The results illustrated that all three curcuminoids reduce oxidative stress damage on the membrane and maintain a better profile for erythrocytes. Furthermore, three curcuminoids had benefit effects on antioxidase. Conclusion: The three kinds of curcuminoids supplementation may prevent lipid peroxidation at different intensity and membrane dysfunction of human erythrocytes in hyperglycemia.

Safety of Antitheilerial Drug Buparvaquone in Rams

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nermin Isik ◽  
Ozlem Derinbay Ekici ◽  
Ceylan Ilhan ◽  
Devran Coskun
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Heart Damage

 Background: Theileriosis is a tick-borne disease caused by Theileria strains of the protozoan species. Buparvaquone is the mostly preferred drug in the treatment theileriosis, while it is safety in sheep, has not been detailed investigated. It has been hypothesized that buparvaquone may show side effects and these effects may be defined some parameters measured from blood in sheep when it is used at the recommended dose and duration. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of buparvaquone on the blood oxidative status, cardiac, hepatic and renal damage and bone marrow function markers.Materials, Methods & Results: In this study, ten adult (> 2 years) Akkaraman rams were used. Healthy rams were placed in paddocks, provided water ad libitum, and fed with appropriate rations during the experiment. Buparvaquone was ad­ministered at the dose of 2.5 mg/kg (IM) intramuscularly twice at 3-day intervals. Blood samples were obtained before (0. h, Control) and after drug administration at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 days. The blood samples were transferred to gel tubes, and the sera were removed (2000 g, 15 min). During the study, the heart rate, respiratory rate, and body temperature were measured at each sampling time. In addition, the animals were clinically observed. Plasma oxidative status mark­ers (Malondialdehyde, total antioxidant status, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase), serum cardiac (Troponin I, creatine kinase-MBmass, lactate dehydrogenase), hepatic (Alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma glutamyltransferase, total protein, albumin, globulin) and renal (Creatinine, blood urea nitrogen) damage markers and hemogram values (white blood cell, red blood cell, platelet, hemogram, hematocrit) were measured. Buparvaquone caused statistically significantly (P < 0.05) increases in the troponin I and blood urea nitrogen levels and fluctuations in alkaline phosphatase activity, but there was no any statistically significance difference determined in the other parameters.Discussion: In this study, buparvaquone was administered two times at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg (IM) at 3-day intervals. Al­though the result was not statistically significant (P > 0.05), it was determined that buparvaquone gradually increased the levels of the main oxidative stress marker, MDA, by approximately 2.8 fold. CAT and GPX levels were also found to have decreased by 2.2 fold. Buparvaquone may cause lipid peroxidation by producing free radicals. Some other antiprotozoal drugs may affect the oxidative status and may increase MDA level and decrease SOD level. In this study, MDA, which is an indicator of lipid peroxidation in vivo, was used to partially detect developing lipid peroxidation. Changes in the levels of reduced GPX and CAT enzymes could be attributed to their use in mediating the hydrogen peroxide detoxification mechanisms. The absence of significant changes in the TAS levels in this study suggests that buparvaquone may partially induce oxidative stress by producing hydrogen peroxide, but no significant changes occurred in the oxidative stress level because of the high antioxidant capacity of sheep. In this study, buparvaquone caused a statistically significant increase (P < 0.05) in the level of Tn-I, which is a marker of specific cardiac damage (P < 0.05), whereas there was no statistically (P > 0.05) significant increase in CK-MBmass. Tn-I and CK-MB levels, which are used to define heart damage in humans, have been successfully used to determine heart damage in sheep. In this research study, the statistically significant increases in Tn-I but not CK-MBmass levels could be considered indicative of mild cardiac damage.Keywords: ram, buparvaquone, safety.

scholarly journals Iron overload is related to elevated blood glucose levels in obese children and aggravates high glucose-induced endothelial cell dysfunction in vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e001426
Author(s):  
Wei Wu ◽  
Jinna Yuan ◽  
Yu Shen ◽  
Yunxian Yu ◽  
Xuefeng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Iron Overload ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Endothelial Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

IntroductionThis study was performed to investigate the role of iron overload in the early stage of hyperglycemia-induced vascular functional impairment.Research design and methodsA total of 196 obese children were enrolled, and data regarding ferritin levels, blood glucose levels, intima-media thickness of carotid arteries, liver function and fibrosis index, hemoglobin, blood pressure, blood lipids, and inflammation indicators were collected. Ferritin levels were compared with a control group, which consisted of 148 healthy non-obese children who were age-matched and gender-matched. Endothelial cells were cultured in high glucose medium and supplemented with ferric citrate with or without iron remover (deferoxamine), a reducing agent (N-acetyl-cysteine), or a nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) inhibitor (BAY 11-7082). Apoptosis, oxidative stress, nitric oxide levels, and endothelin content were evaluated. DNA microarray analysis was performed to analyze the expression of genes in the NF-κB signaling pathway.ResultsObese children have significantly higher ferritin levels compared with the control group. Ferritin level was positively correlated with hemoglobin and was related to metabolic disorders, including impaired glucose tolerance, higher blood pressure, dyslipidemia, and impaired hepatic function. Endothelial cells treated with ferric citrate showed a significantly higher rate of apoptosis, higher levels of oxidative stress, and impaired vasomotor function under high glucose conditions. The above effects were rescued by treatment with an iron remover, reducing agent, or NF-κB inhibitor. Further, detection of phosphorylated-p65 distribution in cells confirmed activation of the NF-κB pathway. DNA microarrays and subsequent gene oncology enrichment analyses revealed the main processes activated in cells.ConclusionIncreased ferritin levels are related to impaired glucose tolerance and other metabolic disorders in obese children. At the cellular level, iron overload aggravated the endothelial cell dysfunction caused by high glucose.

scholarly journals Effect of High Glucose-Induced Oxidative Stress on Paraoxonase 2 Expression and Activity in Caco-2 Cells

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Morresi ◽  
Laura Cianfruglia ◽  
Davide Sartini ◽  
Monia Cecati ◽  
Stefania Fumarola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Intestinal Cells ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
Radical Generation ◽  
Apoptotic Pathways ◽  
Expression And Activity

(1) Background: Hyperglycemia leads to several biochemical and physiological consequences, such as the generation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are involved in the development of several human diseases. Intestinal cells are continuously exposed to pro-oxidants and lipid peroxidation products from ingested foods, and also to glyco-oxidative damage. It has been reported that free radical generation may be linked to the development of inflammation-related gastrointestinal diseases. (2) Methods: The effects of high glucose (HG) treatment (50 mM) were assessed in terms of free radical production, lipid peroxidation, and AGEs formation. Furthermore, the expression and the antiapoptotic and antioxidant activity of the paraoxonase-2 (PON2) enzyme in intestinal cells has been investigated. (3) Results: Caco-2 cells treated with media supplied with high glucose (HG) (50 mM) showed, with respect to physiological glucose concentration (25 mM), an increase in ROS production, lipid peroxidation, and AGEs formation. Moreover, a lower PON2 expression and activity in HG-treated cells was related to activation of the apoptotic pathways. (4) Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that high glucose concentrations triggered glyco-oxidative stress in intestinal cells; the downregulation of PON2 could result in a higher oxidative stress and might contribute to intestinal dysfunction.

scholarly journals Oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation with exposure of emerging disinfection byproduct 2,6-dichlorobenzoquinone in mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi-Wei Li ◽  
Ming-Hui Chang ◽  
Wen-Jun Zhao ◽  
He-Lian Li ◽  
Hong-Jie Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Quinone Oxidoreductase ◽  
Disinfection Byproduct ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
Stress Damage ◽  
The Impact

Abstract 2,6-dichlorobenzoquinone (2,6-DCBQ) is an emerging disinfection byproduct frequently detected in drinking water. Previous studies have indicated that 2,6-DCBQ causes oxidative stress damage in some live systems, but this has yet to be tested in vivo in mammals. In the present study, adult mice were exposed to 2,6-DCBQ for 30 d via gavage at 0 ~ 100 mg kg− 1 with the responses of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase [SOD] and catalase [CAT]), key oxidative stress response genes (Heme oxygenase-1 [HO-1], NADPH quinone oxidoreductase 1 [NQO1] and glutamate-L-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit [GCLC]) in the Nrf2-keap1 pathway, and lipid peroxidation (malonaldehyde, MDA) as an indicator of oxidative damage being measured. Our results indicated that 2,6-DCBQ decreased the activities of SOD and CAT, repressed transcription of key genes in the Nrf2-keap1 pathway, and caused measurable oxidative damage. These results reveal the impact of 2,6-DCBQ in a model mammalian system and are key to understanding the potential impacts of 2,6-DCBQ in humans.

scholarly journals Pyridoxine Decreases Oxidative Stress on Human Erythrocyte Membrane Protein in vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita Velásquez ◽  
Darío Méndez ◽  
Carlos Moneriz
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Membrane Protein ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Erythrocyte Membrane ◽  
Cumene Hydroperoxide ◽  
Protein Carbonylation ◽  
Human Erythrocytes ◽  
Red Cell Membrane

Background: Pyridoxine has reduction and prevention against the levels of reactive oxygen species in in vitro studies. However, the biochemical mechanism that explains this behavior has not yet been fully clarified. Objective: To evaluate the effect of pyridoxine against oxidative damage on the membrane of human erythrocytes. Methods: Cumene hydroperoxide was used to induce oxidative stress in protein and lipid. Human erythrocytes were incubated with pyridoxine and cumene hydroperoxide, either alone or together for 8 h. Oxidative damage was determined by measuring lipid peroxidation and membrane protein carbonylation. Results: The results indicate that the malondialdehyde concentration decreased with increasing concentration of pyridoxine. The membrane protein content also decreased with increasing concentration of vitamin B6, which was confirmed by the decreased signal intensity in the western blot when compared to control without pyridoxine. Results demonstrate that pyridoxine can significantly decrease lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation in red cell membrane exposed to high concentrations of oxidant agent. Conclusion: Pyridoxine showed a protective effect against the oxidative stress in human erythrocytes in vitro, inhibiting the carbonylation and the oxidative damage of erythrocyte membrane proteins. To date, such an effect has not yet been reported in terms of protein oxidation.

scholarly journals Biochemical responses, blood gas, oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation of goats transfused with fresh or stored whole homologous blood

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 2070-2079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayanna B.S. Fonseca ◽  
Jucélio S. Gameleira ◽  
Jerson M. Cavalcante ◽  
Francisco L.C. Oliveira ◽  
Clara S. Mori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Fresh Blood ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Stored Blood

ABSTRACT: Blood transfusion is a therapeutic procedure of great importance for veterinary medicine, in spite of only few studies in the literature on hemotherapy in goats. We aimed to evaluate the biochemical, blood gas, oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation of goats submitted to homologous transfusion of fresh whole blood or stored for 15 and 35 days. Eighteen adult male goats were submitted to a single phlebotomy to remove 30% of the blood volume, and we transfused 20mL/kg of whole blood stored in CPDA-1 bags according to the experimental group, being: G0 composed goats who received fresh blood, G15 and G35 goats that received blood stored for 15 and 35 days, respectively. For the biochemical evaluation, blood gas, oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, blood samples were collected at the following moments: before the induction of anemia (TC0); 6 hours after phlebotomy and before transfusion (TC1); 1, 6, 12, 24 and 96 hours after transfusion (T1, T6, T12, T24 and T96 respectively); 8, 16 and 32 days after transfusion (T8d, T16d and T32d respectively). Before transfusion, blood samples were also withdrawn from the bags for the same analyzes. Statistical analyzes were performed in the statistical program GRAPHPAD PRISM 5.0, adopting a significance level of 5%. The bags of blood stored for 15 and 35 days showed more biochemical changes, blood gas, oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation than fresh blood bags. As for the biochemical analysis, after the transfusion was observed an increase of the total protein, albumin, glucose and creatine kinase in the 3 groups, and elevation of total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, and urea in G15 and G35. The changes observed in the blood gas analysis had no clinical significance, as they were within the reference values for the species. The goats that received stored blood showed disorder in their antioxidant system through alteration of the SOD activity. In the analysis of lipid peroxidation no difference between the groups for the concentration of malondialdehyde was found. Thus, it can be concluded that transfusion of whole fresh stored blood in goats did not compromise the blood gases, lipid peroxidation and liver and renal functions of the transfused animals. In addition, the method was proved to be efficient to restore, among other components, the total protein and albumin. The transfusion, as performed in this study, proved to be safe for used in the clinical practice of goats.

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