Sex Differences of Kidney Stone Urine Risk Factors after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-176
Author(s):  
Megan Prochaska ◽  
John Asplin ◽  
Arlene Chapman ◽  
Elaine Worcester
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Kidney Stone ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Urine Composition ◽  
Bariatric Surgical Procedure

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is a bariatric surgical procedure that is associated with higher risk of kidney stones after surgery. We examined urine composition in 18 men and women before and after RYGB to examine differences in kidney stone risk. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Three 24-h urine collections were performed before and 1 year after RYGB. We analyzed mean urinary values for pre- and post-RYGB collections and compared men and women. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Seven men and eleven women completed pre- and post-RYGB urine collections. Pre-RYGB, men had higher calcium oxalate supersaturation (CaOx SS) (7.0 vs. 5.0, <i>p</i> = 0.04) compared with women. Post-RYGB, women had higher urine CaOx SS (13.1 vs. 4.6, <i>p</i> = 0.002), calcium phosphate supersaturation (1.04 vs. 0.59, <i>p</i> = 0.05), and lower urine volumes (1.7 vs. 2.7L, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001) compared with men. <b><i>Discussion/Conclusion:</i></b> There are important differences in urine composition by sex that may contribute to higher kidney stone risk in women after RYGB compared with men.

MO122SEX DIFFERENCES IN THE RISK OF KIDNEY STONES

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Manuel Ferraro ◽  
Eric N Taylor ◽  
Gary C Curhan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Kidney Stone ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Sodium Oxalate ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Calendar Time ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
History Of ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background and Aims Kidney stone disease is a highly prevalent condition. Men are at higher risk of developing stones compared with women, however recent data suggest a changing epidemiology with women being relatively more affected than in the past. The reasons for such differences and changes over time are not clear. Method We analyzed the association between sex and the first symptomatic incident kidney stone using data from three large, longitudinal cohorts. Incidence rates for men and women overall and across categories of age and calendar time were computed and hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) generated with age-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression models. Mediation analysis was performed in order to estimate the amount of excess risk for men explained by established risk factors, including BMI, waist circumference, history of high blood pressure, history of diabetes, use of thiazides, dietary intakes of animal protein, caffeine, fructose, potassium, sodium, oxalate, phytate, dietary and supplemental intakes of calcium, vitamin C and vitamin D, sugar-sweetened beverages and total fluid intake. Results The analysis included data from 268,616 participants, contributing 5,876,205 person-years of follow-up, during which 10,303 incident stone events were confirmed. The overall incidence rate of kidney stones was 271 and 158 per 100,000 person-years for men and women, respectively. The age-adjusted HR for men compared with women was 2.32 (95% CI 2.20, 2.45). About 18% of the difference in rates was explained by the risk factors included in the analysis. The risk of stones was consistently higher across categories of age among men compared with women. With regard to calendar time, the risk remained higher among men, but tended to decrease over time while it increased among women, resulting in a relative risk reduction of 38% for after 2009 compared with before 1990. Conclusion The risk of kidney stones is higher among men compared with women. This difference is only partly explained by modifiable risk factors.

Quantitative Composition of Kidney Stones

1961 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 546-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reid H Leonard
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Kidney Stone ◽  
Phosphate Group ◽  
Quantitative Composition

Abstract The kidney stone season for the Pensacola, Fla., area is shown to extend from May through November. No differences in composition of stones in and out of season could be found. Classification of the calculi into five groups delineates the calcium oxalate and phosphate group as the typical stone. Calcium oxalate is more prominent than calcium phosphate, especially in sizes less than 10 mg.

scholarly journals Dietary and Lifestyle Risk Factors Associated with Incident Kidney Stones in Men and Women

2017 ◽  
Vol 198 (4) ◽  
pp. 858-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Manuel Ferraro ◽  
Eric N. Taylor ◽  
Giovanni Gambaro ◽  
Gary C. Curhan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Lifestyle Risk

scholarly journals Risk of Kidney Stones: Influence of Dietary Factors, Dietary Patterns, and Vegetarian–Vegan Diets

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Manuel Ferraro ◽  
Matteo Bargagli ◽  
Alberto Trinchieri ◽  
Giovanni Gambaro
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Kidney Stone ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Dietary Advice

Nephrolithiasis is a common medical condition influenced by multiple environmental factors, including diet. Since nutritional habits play a relevant role in the genesis and recurrence of kidney stones disease, dietary manipulation has become a fundamental tool for the medical management of nephrolithiasis. Dietary advice aims to reduce the majority of lithogenic risk factors, reducing the supersaturation of urine, mainly for calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate, and uric acid. For this purpose, current guidelines recommend increasing fluid intake, maintaining a balanced calcium intake, reducing dietary intake of sodium and animal proteins, and increasing intake of fruits and fibers. In this review, we analyzed the effects of each dietary factor on nephrolithiasis incidence and recurrence rate. Available scientific evidence agrees on the harmful effects of high meat/animal protein intake and low calcium diets, whereas high content of fruits and vegetables associated with a balanced intake of low-fat dairy products carries the lowest risk for incident kidney stones. Furthermore, a balanced vegetarian diet with dairy products seems to be the most protective diet for kidney stone patients. Since no study prospectively examined the effects of vegan diets on nephrolithiasis risk factors, more scientific work should be made to define the best diet for different kidney stone phenotypes.

Sex Differences in Memory Estimates for Pictures and Words

2000 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 315-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos D. Ionescu
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Recall Test ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Correct Recall ◽  
Recall Task ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pictures And Words ◽  
Performance Estimates

Memory performance estimates of men and women before and after a recall test were investigated. College students (17 men and 20 women), all juniors, participated in a memory task involving the recall of 80 stimuli (40 pictures and 40 words). Before and after the task they were asked to provide estimates of their pre- and postrecall performance. Although no sex differences were found for total correct recall, recall for pictures, and recall for words, or in the estimates of memory performance before the recall task, there were significant differences after the test: women underestimated their performance on the words and men underestimated their performance on the picture items.

Sex Differences in Memory Estimates, Revisited

2002 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos D. Ionescu
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Correct Recall ◽  
Recall Task ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Larger Sample ◽  
Performance Estimates

207 undergraduate students (95 men and 112 women) representing all four years in college provided estimates of memory performance before and after a recall task involving 80 stimuli (40 pictures and 40 words). The study was intended as a replication of the work of Ionescu in 2000 wherein men underestimated their performance on the picture items and women underestimated their performance on the words. No sex differences were found for correct recall totals, recall for pictures, recall for words, and total prerecall performance estimates. Although both men and women underestimated their pre- and postrecall performance, women underestimated their postrecall performance more than men. More importantly, men underestimated their performance on recall of pictures, whereas women underestimated their performance on the word items, thereby validating prior results with a larger sample. The possible bases for this phenomenon are still not clear.

Abstract 17015: Understanding Sex Differences With Cardiac Risk Factors in the Young Adult Population

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Davis ◽  
Kathryn A Wood ◽  
Jeannie Cimiotti ◽  
Melinda Higgins ◽  
Rebecca Gary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Cardiac Risk ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Heavy Alcohol ◽  
Cardiac Risk Factors ◽  
Cad Risk

Introduction: The prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) is increasing in young adults (YA) (age<40 years), and greater understanding of their cardiac risk factors is essential to create effective preventive strategies. Given the sex differences for CAD observed in older adults, understanding if sex differences exist for CAD risk factors in YAs is important. Hypothesis: There will be several risk factors associated with CAD in YAs that will differ between men and women. Methods: In this secondary analysis, 125,017 YAs between the ages of 18-44 were evaluated for health conditions and behaviors considered to be risk factors for CAD. The 2017 Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance System database from the Center for Disease Control was utilized. Frequency procedures, chi-square testing, and logistic regression modeling with odds ratios were analyzed using (SAS) 9.4 software. Results: Greater percentages of men (65.5%) than women (56.7%) were found to be overweight (BMI 25-30) or obese (BMI =>30) (p<.0001). Men reported higher rates of hypertension with 18.6% as compared to women with hypertension at 11.5% (p<.0001). High cholesterol and heavy alcohol consumption were characteristic of men in this sample with percentages at 17.8% for high cholesterol and 7.5% for heavy alcohol use. YAs between the ages of 40-44 were over 2 times as likely to develop CAD than those aged 18-24, odds ratio (OR) 2.4. YAs between the ages of 25-29 were least likely to develop CAD compared to 18-24 with the lowest OR 1.3. Overall, significant risk factors for developing CAD in this population were HTN (OR 4.1), age 35-44 (OR >2.2), high cholesterol (OR 2.2), smoking (OR 1.9), and prediabetes (OR 1.7). Physical activity (OR 0.6) and healthcare coverage (OR 0.7) were protective factors against CAD. There were 276 young adults in all who were diagnosed with CAD in this analysis. Conclusions: Greater efforts are needed to reduce the number of risk factors in YAs and prevent the development of CAD. There were significant gender differences noted in CAD risk factors within the YA population. Targeted interventions should include counseling as outlined in the American Heart Association Life’s Simple 7 Campaign in an effort to improve cardiovascular health in young adult men and women.

scholarly journals Risk factors of kidney stone disease: a cross-sectional study in the southeast of Iran

BMC Urology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Parvin Khalili ◽  
Zahra Jamali ◽  
Tabandeh Sadeghi ◽  
Ali Esmaeili-nadimi ◽  
Maryam Mohamadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Kidney Stone ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Baseline Phase ◽  
Kidney Stone Disease ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background The prevalence of kidney stones in the world is increasing and environmental factors seem to play a major role in this issue. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of risk factors of kidney stones in the adult population of Rafsanjan city based on the data of the Rafsanjan Cohort Study (RCS). Methods In the baseline phase of this study, 10,000 people aged 35 to 70 years are enrolled in the RCS, as one of the prospective epidemiological research studies in Iran. From this population, 9932 participants completed related demographic questionnaires as well as reported a history of diabetes mellitus, kidney stone, and hypertension diseases. The obtained data were analyzed using univariable and multivariable logistics regression. Results According to the obtained results, 46.54% of the studied population were male and 53.46% were female. The mean age of the participants was 49.94 ± 9.56 years. 2392 people accounting for 24.08% of the population had kidney stones. After adjustment of the variables, six variables of gender, WSI, no consumption of purified water, BMI, and history of hypertension and diabetes were found to be significant related factors of kidney stone disease. Conclusions Gender, hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and personal habits like alcohol consumption, opium use and, cigarette smoking are effective in the development of kidney stones. So, by identifying the susceptible patients and teaching them, the burden of the disease on society and the individual can be reduced. The results of this study are helpful to health care providers for preventive planning for kidney stone disease.

scholarly journals Sex differences in risk factors for retinopathy in non-diabetic men and women: The Tromsø Eye Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 316-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geir Bertelsen ◽  
Tunde Peto ◽  
Haakon Lindekleiv ◽  
Henrik Schirmer ◽  
Marit D. Solbu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Men And Women
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