C-Reactive Protein for Prediction or Early Detection of Pre-Eclampsia: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Rola Hamadeh ◽  
Amani Mohsen ◽  
Firas Kobeissy ◽  
Ali Karouni ◽  
Hikmat Akoum
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Statistical Heterogeneity

<b><i>Objective:</i></b> Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a serious disease of pregnancy and one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality for both the mother and baby. This systematic review aims to detect the role of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) in the detection of PE. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Thirty-four articles published between 2001 and 2019 were included in this review. The articles were extracted from OVID Medline and Embase. The study designs of these articles are randomized controlled, cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies evaluating CRP as a marker to predict or early diagnose PE. The quality assessment of these articles is made by the modified Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 tool. Meta-analysis was not done because of clinical and statistical heterogeneity. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A positive association between CRP levels and the development of PE was confirmed in 18 studies. This positive effect was addressed in patients with normal BMI (&#x3c;25 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) in 3 studies and in overweight patients in 2 studies. One study addressed this positive association in patients with a BMI ranging between 28 and 31 kg/m<sup>2</sup>. Three studies determined a cutoff level of CRP above which a significant risk of PE development should be suspected. These levels ranged between 7 and 15 mg/L. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> CRP is a promising cost-effective biomarker that may be used in the prediction of PE. A CRP level higher than 15 mg/L may suggest initiation of low-dose aspirin in low-risk pregnancies.

scholarly journals The Association between Inflammation and Pulse Wave Velocity in Dyslipidemia: An Evidence-Based Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Amilia Aminuddin ◽  
Md Rizman M. L. M. Lazim ◽  
Adila A. Hamid ◽  
Chua K. Hui ◽  
Mohd H. Mohd Yunus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reactive Protein

Dyslipidemia is associated with increased arterial stiffness (AS) which may lead to hypertension. Among the methods to assess AS are carotid-femoral and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity. Dyslipidemia is also known to trigger inflammation. C-reactive protein (CRP) is one of the commonest inflammatory markers measured in the clinical setting. However, the association between inflammation and pulse wave velocity (PWV) in people with dyslipidemia is less studied. Therefore, this review investigated the association between inflammation (as measured by CRP) and PWV in dyslipidemia patients. The search of the literature was conducted via PubMed and Scopus database. The keywords used were “aortic stiffness” OR “arterial stiffness” OR “pulse wave velocity” OR “vascular stiffness” OR “carotid femoral pulse wave velocity” OR “pulse wave analysis” AND “inflammation” OR “c reactive protein” OR “c-reactive protein” OR “high sensitivity c reactive protein” AND “dyslipidemia” OR “hyperlipidemia” OR “hypercholesterolemia” OR “hyperlipoproteinemia” OR “hypertriglyceridemia”. The following criteria were used: (1) only full-length original articles published in English language, (2) articles that reported the association between arterial stiffness measured as carotid-femoral PWV (cfPWV) or brachial-ankle PWV (baPWV) and CRP or high-sensitivity CRP, and (3) study involving human subjects. The search identified 957 articles published between 1980 and February 2020. Only eight articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were used for data extraction. Five of the studies were cross-sectional studies while another three studies were interventional studies. Seven out of eight papers found a significant positive association between AS and CRP, and the correlation ranged from mild to moderate association (Pearson r=0.33 to r=0.624). In conclusion, inflammation is associated with increased PWV in patients with dyslipidemia. This supports the involvement of inflammation in the development of AS in dyslipidemia.

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