Maternal Anti-HPA-1a Antibodies Increase Endothelial Cell Apoptosis and Permeability

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Rima Dardik ◽  
Ophira Salomon
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Intracranial Hemorrhage ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Endothelial Damage ◽  
Αvβ3 Integrin ◽  
Endothelial Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Vascular Beds ◽  
Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia

Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) associated with fetal/neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) is attributed mainly to endothelial damage caused by binding of maternal anti-HPA-1a antibodies to the αvβ3 integrin on endothelial cells (ECs). We examined the effect of anti-HPA-1a antibodies on EC function using 2 EC lines from different vascular beds, HMVEC of dermal origin and hCMEC/D3 of cerebral origin. Anti-HPA-1a sera significantly increased apoptosis in both HMVEC and hCMEC/D3 cells and permeability in hCMEC/D3 cells only. This increase in both apoptosis and permeability was significantly inhibited by a monoclonal anti-β3 antibody (SZ21) binding to the HPA-1a epitope. Our results indicate that (1) maternal anti-HPA-1a antibodies impair EC function by increasing apoptosis and permeability and (2) ECs from different vascular beds vary in their susceptibility to pathological effects elicited by maternal anti-HPA-1a antibodies on EC permeability. Examination of maternal anti-HPA-1a antibodies for their effect on EC permeability may predict potential ICH associated with FNAIT.

scholarly journals LncRNA LUADT1 sponges miR-195 to prevent cardiac endothelial cell apoptosis in sepsis

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhimin Zhang ◽  
Mingzhu Lv ◽  
Xiang Wang ◽  
Zheng Zhao ◽  
Daolong Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Potential Interaction ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Endothelial Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Luciferase Activity Assay ◽  
Apoptosis Related Protein

Abstract Background The oncogenic role of the newly identified lncRNA LUADT1 has been revealed in lung adenocarcinoma. It was reported that LUADT1 plays a critical role in multiple human diseases. This study was carried out to investigate the role of LUADT1 in sepsis. Methods Sixty patients with sepsis and sixty healthy volunteers were recruited for this study. Plasma samples were collected from all participants. Human primary coronary artery endothelial cells were also used in this study. The expression of Pim-1, miR-195 and LUADT1 were detected by RT-qPCR. The interaction between miR-195 and LUADT1 was determined by overexpression experiments and luciferase activity assay. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The expression of apoptosis-related protein was detected by Western blotting. Results Bioinformatics analysis revealed the potential interaction between LUADT1 and miR-195, which was confirmed by dual luciferase reporter assay. LUADT1 was downregulated in patients with sepsis. Moreover, LPS treatment downregulated the expression of LUADT1 in primary cardiac endothelial cells. Overexpression of LUADT1 and miR-195 did not affect the expression of each other in primary cardiac endothelial cells. Interestingly, overexpression of LUADT1 was found to upregulate the expression of Pim-1, a target of miR-195. In addition, it was found that overexpression of LUADT1 and Pim-1 reduced the enhancement effects of miR-195 on LPS-induced cardiac endothelial cell apoptosis. Conclusion In summary, LUADT1 may protect cardiac endothelial cells against apoptosis in sepsis by regulating the miR-195/Pim-1 axis.

Epigallocatechin Gallate Reduces Homocysteine-Caused Oxidative Damages through Modulation SIRT1/AMPK Pathway in Endothelial Cells

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Pei-Ying Pai ◽  
Wan-Ching Chou ◽  
Shih-Hung Chan ◽  
Shu-Yih Wu ◽  
Hsiu-I Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽  
Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽  
Sirtuin 1 ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Endothelial Cell Apoptosis

Elevated plasma concentration of total homocysteine is a pathological condition that causes vascular endothelial injury and subsequently leads to the progression of endothelial apoptosis in atherosclerosis. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a well-known anti-oxidant in green tea, has been reported with benefits on metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to explore that EGCG ameliorates homocysteine-induced endothelial cell apoptosis through enhancing the sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) survival signaling pathway. Human umbilical endothelial cells were treated with homocysteine in the presence or absence of EGCG. We found that EGCG significantly increased the activities of SIRT1 and AMPK. EGCG diminished homocysteine-mediated nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase activation by inhibiting protein kinase C activation as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and recovered the activity of the endogenous antioxidant enzyme, superoxidase dismutase (SOD). Besides, EGCG also restores homocysteine-mediated dephosphorylation of Akt and decreases endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) expression. Furthermore, EGCG ameliorates homocysteine-activated pro-apoptotic events. The present study shows that EGCG prevents homocysteine-induced endothelial cell apoptosis via enhancing SIRT1/AMPK as well as Akt/eNOS signaling pathways. Results from this study indicated that EGCG might have some benefits for hyperhomocysteinemia.

Cytosolic phospholipase A2-α is an early apoptotic activator in PEDF-induced endothelial cell apoptosis

2009 ◽  
Vol 296 (2) ◽  
pp. C273-C284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsung-Chuan Ho ◽  
Show-Li Chen ◽  
Yuh-Cheng Yang ◽  
Tzu-Hsiu Lo ◽  
Jui-Wen Hsieh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
P38 Mapk ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Endothelial Cell Apoptosis ◽  
P53 Expression ◽  
Ppar Γ

Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is an intrinsic antiangiogenic factor and a potential therapeutic agent. Previously, we discovered the mechanism of PEDF-induced apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) as sequential induction/activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), and p53. In the present study, we investigated the signaling role of cytosolic calcium-dependent phospholipase A2-α (cPLA2-α) to bridge p38 MAPK and PPAR-γ activation. PEDF induced cPLA2-α activation in HUVECs and in endothelial cells in chemical burn-induced vessels on mouse cornea. The cPLA2-α activation is evident from the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of cPLA2-α as well as arachidonic acid release and the cleavage of PED6, a synthetic PLA2 substrate. Such activation can be abolished by p38 MAPK inhibitor. The PEDF-induced PPAR-γ activation, p53 expression, caspase-3 activity, and apoptosis can be abolished by both cPLA2 inhibitor and small interfering RNA targeting cPLA2-α. Our observation not only establishes the signaling role of cPLA2-α but also for the first time demonstrates the sequential activation of p38 MAPK, cPLA2-α, PPAR-γ, and p53 as the mechanism of PEDF-induced endothelial cell apoptosis.

scholarly journals Haemophilus somnus Induces Apoptosis in Bovine Endothelial Cells In Vitro

2001 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 1650-1660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt J. Sylte ◽  
Lynette B. Corbeil ◽  
Thomas J. Inzana ◽  
Charles J. Czuprynski
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Endothelial Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Culture Filtrates ◽  
Haemophilus Somnus ◽  
Bovine Endothelial Cells ◽  
Dose Dependent

ABSTRACT Haemophilus somnus causes pneumonia, reproductive failure, infectious myocarditis, thrombotic meningoencephalitis, and other diseases in cattle. Although vasculitis is commonly seen as a result of systemic H. somnus infections, the pathogenesis of vascular damage is poorly characterized. In this study, we demonstrated that H. somnus (pathogenic isolates 649, 2336, and 8025 and asymptomatic carrier isolates 127P and 129Pt) induce apoptosis of bovine endothelial cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner, as determined by Hoechst 33342 staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-FITC nick end labeling, DNA fragmentation, and transmission electron microscopy. H. somnus induced endothelial cell apoptosis in as little as 1 h of incubation and did not require extracellular growth of the bacteria. Viable H. somnus organisms induced greater endothelial cell apoptosis than heat-killed organisms. Since viableH. somnus cells release membrane fibrils and blebs, which contain lipooligosaccharide (LOS) and immunoglobulin binding proteins, we examined culture filtrates for their ability to induce endothelial cell apoptosis. Culture filtrates induced similar levels of endothelial cell apoptosis, as did viable H. somnus organisms. Heat inactivation of H. somnus culture filtrates partially reduced the apoptotic effect on endothelial cells, which suggested the presence of both heat-labile and heat-stable factors. We found thatH. somnus LOS, which is heat stable, induced endothelial cell apoptosis in a time- and dose-dependent manner and was inhibited by the addition of polymyxin B. These data demonstrate that H. somnus and its LOS induce endothelial cell apoptosis, which may play a role in producing vasculitis in vivo.

scholarly journals Atherosclerosis-Associated Endothelial Cell Apoptosis by MiR-429-Mediated Down Regulation of Bcl-2

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 1421-1430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Feng Tian ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Jing Jing ◽  
Shan-Shan Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Endothelial Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Down Regulation ◽  
Bioinformatics Analyses

Background/Aims: Endothelial cell injury and subsequent apoptosis play a key role in the development and pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, which is hallmarked by dysregulated lipid homeostasis, aberrant immunity and inflammation, and plaque-instability-associated coronary occlusion. Nevertheless, our understanding of the mechanisms underlying endothelial cell apoptosis is still limited. MicroRNA-429 (miR-29) is a known cancer suppressor that promotes cancer cell apoptosis. However, it is unknown whether miR-429 may be involved in the development of atherosclerosis through similar mechanisms. We addressed these questions in the current study. Methods: We examined the levels of endothelial cell apoptosis in ApoE (-/-) mice suppled with high-fat diet (HFD), a mouse model for atherosclerosis (simplified as HFD mice). We analyzed the levels of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and the levels of miR-429 in the purified CD31+ endothelial cells from mouse aorta. Prediction of the binding between miR-429 and 3'-UTR of Bcl-2 mRNA was performed by bioinformatics analyses and confirmed by a dual luciferase reporter assay. The effects of miR-429 were further analyzed in an in vitro model using oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-treated human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs). Results: HFD mice developed atherosclerosis in 12 weeks, while the control ApoE (-/-) mice that had received normal diet (simplified as NOR mice) did not. HFD mice had significantly lower percentage of endothelial cells and significantly higher percentage of mesenchymal cells in the aorta than NOR mice. Significantly higher levels of endothelial cell apoptosis were detected in HFD mice, resulting from decreases in Bcl-2 protein, but not mRNA. The decreases in Bcl-2 in endothelial cells were due to increased levels of miR-429, which suppressed the translation of Bcl-2 mRNA via 3'-UTR binding. These in vivo findings were reproduced in vitro on ox-LDL-treated HAECs. Conclusion: Atherosclerosis-associated endothelial cell apoptosis may result from down regulation of Bcl-2, through increased miR-429 that binds and suppresses translation of Bcl-2 mRNA.

scholarly journals Endosulfan inducing blood hypercoagulability and endothelial cells apoptosis via the death receptor pathway in Wistar rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1282-1288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-Liu Wei ◽  
Lian-Shuang Zhang ◽  
Jing-Jing Wang ◽  
Fang-Zi Guo ◽  
Yan-Bo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Death Receptor ◽  
Endothelial Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Death Receptor Pathway

Endosulfan induces blood hypercoagulability by causing vWF release from endothelial cell apoptosis in Wistar rats.

scholarly journals Proteome-Scale Profiling Reveals MAFG and MAFF as Two Novel Candidate Key Transcription Factors Involved in Palmitic acid Induced Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells Apoptosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mangyuan Wang ◽  
Fen Liu ◽  
Binbin Fang ◽  
Qiang Huo ◽  
Yining Yang
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cell ◽  
P Value ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Endothelial Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Family Protein ◽  
Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells

Abstract Backgrounds: Vascular endothelial cell apoptosis is the first risk factor of atherosclerosis (AS), and it can be induced by high doses of glucose and palmitic acid (PA). The purpose of our study is to use a new generation of high-throughput transcription factors (TFs) detecting method to identify novel candidate key TFs involved in PA-induced vascular endothelial cell apoptosis.Methods: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with 0µM PA (control group), 250µM PA (group 1), or 500µM PA (group 2). Candidate TFs among the three groups were determined by significant changes according to t-test, and pathway enrichment, western blot (WB) and RT-qPCR were then performed.Results: Fifty-one TFs showing with significant p value were identified, and 24 TFs with significant p value plus fold change > 2 and with dose-dependence were identified with 12 TFs biologically validated in former studies. Two of the remaining 12 novel TFs, v-maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene family protein G (MAFG) and v-maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene family protein F (MAFF), were matched to AS known signalling pathways and were validated by WB and RT-qPCR in our study.Conclusions: We identified MAFG and MAFF as novel candidate key TFs in vascular endothelial cell apoptosis, which is the key initial process of AS.

scholarly journals Upregulation of microRNA-876 Induces Endothelial Cell Apoptosis by Suppressing Bcl-Xl in Development of Atherosclerosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 1540-1549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaicheng Xu ◽  
Peng Liu ◽  
Yue Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Apoptotic Cell Death ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Endothelial Cell Apoptosis

Background/Aims: The injury and apoptotic cell death of endothelial cells hallmark the development of atherosclerosis (AS), characterized by dysregulation of lipid homeostasis, immune responses, and formation of coronary plaques. However, the mechanisms underlying the initiation of endothelial cell apoptosis remain ill-defined. Recent evidence suggests a role of microRNAs in the processes of AS-associated endothelial cell apoptosis. Thus, we studied this question in the current study. Methods: AS was developed in ApoE (-/-) mice suppled with high-fat diet (HFD), compared to ApoE (-/-) mice suppled with normal diet (ND). Mouse endothelial cells were isolated from the aortic arch using flow cytometry based on their expression of Pecam-1. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) were used to treat human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) as an in vitro model for AS. Gene expression was quantified by RT-qPCR and protein levels were analyzed by Western blotting. Apoptosis was evaluated by FITC Annexin V Apoptosis essay and by TUNEL staining. Prediction of the binding between miRNAs and 3'-UTR of mRNA from the target gene was performed by bioinformatics analyses and confirmed by a dual luciferase reporter assay. Results: HFD mice, but not ND mice, developed AS in 12 weeks. Significantly reduced endothelial cell marks and significantly increased mesenchymal cell marks were detected in the aortic arch of the HFD mice, compared to the ND mice. The endothelial cell apoptosis was significantly higher in HFD mice, seemingly due to functional suppression of protein translation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-Xl protein through upregulation of miR-876. Similar results were obtained from in vitro study. Inhibition of miR-876 abolished the effects of ox-LDL-induced apoptotic cell death of HAECs. Conclusion: AS-associated endothelial cell apoptosis may partially result from downregulation of Bcl-Xl, through upregulation of miR-876 that binds and suppresses translation of Bcl-Xl mRNA.

FRP inhibits ox-LDL-induced endothelial cell apoptosis through an Akt-NF-κB-Bcl-2 pathway and inhibits endothelial cell apoptosis in an apoE-knockout mouse model

2010 ◽  
Vol 299 (3) ◽  
pp. E351-E363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Liu ◽  
Hua Shen ◽  
Ming Xu ◽  
Ou Liu ◽  
Limin Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Endothelial Damage ◽  
Endothelial Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Knockout Mouse Model ◽  
Apoe Knockout Mouse

Atherosclerosis is the most common cause of cardiovascular diseases in the world. Although the development of atherosclerosis appears to be the result of multiple maladaptive pathways, a particularly important factor in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), which contributes to endothelial damage. Data from our laboratory and others show that follistatin-related protein (FRP), which is expressed in the vasculature, has cardioprotective effects, suggesting that loss of FRP protection might play a role in the development of atherosclerosis. In the present study, we determined whether FRP overexpression protects against endothelial cell (EC) damage, an intermediate end point for atherosclerosis. We bred apoE-knockout (apoE−/−) mice that were FRP+ transgenic (they overexpressed FRP). We compared them with control mice (their littermates). Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were isolated and treated with ox-LDL and recombinant FRP. FRP-induced signal transduction and Bcl-2 mRNA and protein stability were analyzed. After 16 wk, apoE−/− FRP+ mice had significantly fewer apoptotic ECs than controls. In vitro experiments showed that the effect of FRP on EC apoptosis was mediated by upregulation of expression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. In HUVECs, FRP upregulated Bcl-2 transcription via a PI3K-Akt-NF-κB pathway. We conclude that FRP overexpression maintains EC viability by preventing apoptosis via Bcl-2 upregulation. FRP may be a novel therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of vascular EC injury and of atherosclerosis.

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