scholarly journals Real-World Evidence for a Smartwatch-Based Parkinson’s Motor Assessment App for Patients Undergoing Therapy Changes

2021 ◽  
pp. 206-215
Author(s):  
Aaron J. Hadley ◽  
David E. Riley ◽  
Dustin A. Heldman
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Clinical Judgment ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Office Visits ◽  
Motor Assessment ◽  
Sensor Platforms ◽  
Real World Evidence ◽  
Symptom Scores

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Parkinson’s disease (PD) is poorly quantified by patients outside the clinic, and paper diaries have problems with subjective descriptions and bias. Wearable sensor platforms; however, can accurately quantify symptoms such as tremor, dyskinesia, and bradykinesia. Commercially available smartwatches are equipped with accelerometers and gyroscopes that can measure motion for objective evaluation. We sought to evaluate the clinical utility of a prescription smartwatch-based monitoring system for PD utilizing periodic task-based motor assessment. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Sixteen patients with PD used a smartphone- and smartwatch-based monitoring system to objectively assess motor symptoms for 1 week prior to instituting a doctor recommended change in therapy and for 4 weeks after the change. After 5 weeks the participants returned to the clinic to discuss their results with their doctor, who made therapy recommendations based on the reports and his clinical judgment. Symptom scores were synchronized with the medication diary and the temporal effects of therapy on weekly and hourly timescales were calculated. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Thirteen participants successfully completed the study and averaged 4.9 assessments per day for 3 days per week during the study. The doctor instructed 8 participants to continue their new regimens and 5 to revert to their previous regimens. The smartwatch-based assessments successfully captured intraday fluctuations and short- and long-term responses to therapies, including detecting significant improvements (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05) in at least one symptom in 7 participants. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The smartwatch-based app successfully captured temporal trends in symptom scores following application of new therapy on hourly, daily, and weekly timescales. These results suggest that validated smartwatch-based PD monitoring can provide clinically relevant information and may reduce the need for traditional office visits for therapy adjustment.

Real-world treatment patterns in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: Clinical and economic outcomes in patients treated with pomalidomide or daratumumab

2021 ◽  
pp. 107815522199553
Author(s):  
Joshua Richter ◽  
Vamshi Ruthwik Anupindi ◽  
Jason Yeaw ◽  
Suneel Kudaravalli ◽  
Stojan Zavisic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Real World ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Proteasome Inhibitors ◽  
Economic Outcomes ◽  
Office Visits ◽  
Refractory Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Real World Evidence ◽  
New Treatment

Introduction Real-world evidence on later line treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) is sparse. We evaluated clinical outcomes among RRMM patients in the 1-year following treatment with pomalidomide or daratumumab and compared economic outcomes between RRMM patients and non-MM patients. Patient and Methods Adult patients with ≥1 claim of pomalidomide or daratumumab were identified between January 2012 and February 2018 using IQVIA PharMetrics® Plus US claims database. Patients were required to have a diagnosis or treatment for MM and a claim of any immunomodulatory drugs and proteasome inhibitors before the index date. Mean time to new therapy, overall survival (OS) using Kaplan-Meier curve and adverse events (AEs) were reported over the 1-year post-index period. RRMM patients were also matched to a non-MM comparator cohort and economic outcomes were compared between the two cohorts. Results 289 RRMM patients were matched to 1,445 patients without MM. Most prevalent hematological AE was anemia (72.0%) and non-hematological AE was infections (75.4%). Mean (SD) time to a new treatment was 4.7 (5.3) months and median OS was 14.6 months. RRMM patients had significantly higher hospitalizations and physician office visits (Both P < .0001) compared to non-MM patients. Adjusting for baseline characteristics, patients with RRMM had 4.9 times (95% CI 3.8-6.4, P < .0001) the total healthcare costs compared with patients without MM. The major driver of total costs among RRMM patients was pharmacy costs (67.3%). Conclusion RRMM patients showed a high frequency of AEs, low OS, and a substantial economic burden suggesting need for effective treatment options.

A Bird’s Eye View of 100 years of research on Hypertension: Machine Learning Classifications of Topics (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustapha Abba ◽  
Chidozie Nduka ◽  
Seun Anjorin ◽  
Shukri Mohamed ◽  
Emmanuel Agogo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Latent Dirichlet Allocation ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Major Cardiovascular Events ◽  
And Shifts ◽  
Negative Sentiment ◽  
Over Time

BACKGROUND Due to scientific and technical advancements in the field, published hypertension research has developed during the last decade. Given the huge amount of scientific material published in this field, identifying the relevant information is difficult. We employed topic modelling, which is a strong approach for extracting useful information from enormous amounts of unstructured text. OBJECTIVE To utilize a machine learning algorithm to uncover hidden topics and subtopics from 100 years of peer-reviewed hypertension publications and identify temporal trends. METHODS The titles and abstracts of hypertension papers indexed in PubMed were examined. We used the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) model to select 20 primary subjects and then ran a trend analysis to see how popular they were over time. RESULTS We gathered 581,750 hypertension-related research articles from 1900 to 2018 and divided them into 20 categories. Preclinical, risk factors, complications, and therapy studies were the categories used to categorise the publications. We discovered themes that were becoming increasingly ‘hot,' becoming less ‘cold,' and being published seldom. Risk variables and major cardiovascular events subjects displayed very dynamic patterns over time (how? – briefly detail here). The majority of the articles (71.2%) had a negative valency, followed by positive (20.6%) and neutral valencies (8.2 percent). Between 1980 and 2000, negative sentiment articles fell somewhat, while positive and neutral sentiment articles climbed significantly. CONCLUSIONS This unique machine learning methodology provided fascinating insights on current hypertension research trends. This method allows researchers to discover study subjects and shifts in study focus, and in the end, it captures the broader picture of the primary concepts in current hypertension research articles. CLINICALTRIAL Not applicable

scholarly journals Validation of a Methodology to Analyze the Morphological Parameters in Newly Created Tidal Channels Through a Video Monitoring System

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Agudo ◽  
María Sámano ◽  
Adrián Rodríguez ◽  
Jorge Crespo ◽  
Manuel Masías ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Video Monitoring ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Tidal Channels ◽  
Image Capture ◽  
Space Resolution ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Processing Procedure

A video monitoring system has been used in order to track the morphology of an estuary located in La Rabia, due to the high time-space resolution provided by this system. Moreover, the data collection infrastructure allows us to extract relevant information at a relatively low cost. The methodology used to make the image capture and its post-processing procedure, permitted the detection and monitoring of a new tidal channel appearance as well as its evolution in width until it achieved equilibrium. During the course towards this balance, we could observe the characteristic phenomena for this type of process such as incisional narrowing and increase in width.

Stereovision for three-dimensional measurements of fabric pilling

2011 ◽  
Vol 81 (20) ◽  
pp. 2168-2179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bugao Xu ◽  
Wurong Yu ◽  
RongWu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Stereo Matching ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Digital Cameras ◽  
Dimensional Measurements ◽  
Fabric Structures ◽  
3D Surfaces

This paper introduces a three-dimensional (3D) imaging system designed for objective evaluation of fabric pilling. Thesystem was aimed at reconstructing high-fidelity 3D surfaces of fabric by using only two side-by-side images of a pilling fabric captured by a pair of regular digital cameras without special lighting. The robust calibration and stereo-matching algorithms were implemented to make the system insusceptible to fabric structures, colors, fiber contents and other factors. The depth data provide the most relevant information for pilling segmentation and measurements, because pilling is the protrusion of entangled fibers. 3D measurement data can be used for not only evaluating pilling appearance, but also for understanding pilling mechanisms in different abrasive treatments.

scholarly journals Conceptual approaches to the functioning of the automated land monitoring system

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Dorosh ◽  
◽  
S. Ibatullin ◽  
A. Tarnopolskyi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Accounting Quality ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Monitoring Process ◽  
Land Relations ◽  
Principles And Standards

The goals and objectives of land monitoring and quality control are substantiated soils, including monitoring the economic and legal status of lands, their circulation and quality of soils, assessment and forecast of changes to ensure the organs public administration and local government relevant information for development of proposals and implementation of measures to prevent negative phenomena and trends in land use. The need to introduce a land monitoring system is due to: systematic deterioration of the quantitative accounting of lands, the actual lack of accounting quality of land, the requirements for the development of market land relations. The necessity of taking into account the principles and standards of the national is substantiated geospatial data infrastructure. The directions in which the results are formed are formed land monitoring can be used to regulate land relations and making management decisions regarding land use and the formation of turnover land plots. Among the key issues to consider when creating a system land monitoring, identified: the need for information technology, list of monitoring objects; attribute data of monitoring objects; unified standards and data formats; credibility and updating tools data, including by detecting anomalies and correcting errors in the data; mechanisms of information interaction between all participants of the monitoring process.

Stereovision for 3D Measurements of Fabric Pilling

2012 ◽  
Vol 441 ◽  
pp. 631-635
Author(s):  
Bu Gao Xu
Keyword(s):  
3D Imaging ◽  
Stereo Matching ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Digital Cameras ◽  
Depth Data ◽  
3D Measurements ◽  
Fabric Structures ◽  
3D Surfaces

This paper introduces a 3D imaging system designed for objective evaluation of fabric pilling. The system was aimed at using a pair of regular digital cameras to capture two side-by-side images of a pilling fabric without special lighting, and the robust calibration and stereo-matching algorithms to reconstruct high-fidelity 3D surfaces of fabric. The depth data provides the most relevant information for pilling segmentation and measurements. The outcome of the surface reconstruction is independent of fabric structures, colors and fiber contents. 3D measurements are useful for understanding pilling mechanisms in different abrasive treatments.

Speech-Language Assessment in the Clinical Setting

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann A. Tyler ◽  
Leslie C. Tolbert
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Judgment ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Language Assessment ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Speech And Language ◽  
Parent Questionnaire ◽  
Language Measures

Time constraints are a significant factor for clinic-based and school-based speech-language pathologists. Yet, with a planning process that incorporates parent information and accounts for child temperament, a comprehensive speech and language assessment can be completed within a 90-minute time frame. A parent questionnaire is completed prior to the assessment date, focusing on developmental history, including information about family history of learning difficulties and episodes of otitis media. Standardized and nonstandardized procedures are included in the assessment process in order to obtain clinically relevant information and provide parents and public service agencies with necessary qualifying scores. The Bankson-Bernthal Test of Phonology (BBTOP; Bankson & Bernthal, 1991) is the choice of instruments for standardized articulation/phonology testing, whereas the Preschool Language Scale-3 (PLS-3; Zimmerman, Steiner, & Pond, 1992) and a spontaneous language sample are recommended as language measures. A spontaneous sample also provides opportunity for clinical judgment regarding speech intelligibility, pragmatic skills, voice, and fluency. A recommendation session concludes the evaluation with a discussion of the child's performance on speech and language measures, overall impressions, and recommendations. This discussion includes strengths and weaknesses, with focus on answering parents' questions and addressing their concerns.

scholarly journals Temporal Trends in Characteristics of Newly Diagnosed Nontraumatic Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head From 1997 to 2011: A Hospital-Based Sentinel Monitoring System in Japan

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 437-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinji Takahashi ◽  
Wakaba Fukushima ◽  
Takuaki Yamamoto ◽  
Yukihide Iwamoto ◽  
Toshikazu Kubo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Newly Diagnosed

scholarly journals Real World Evidence: welcome to reality!

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Pintaudi, B.
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Administrative Databases ◽  
Real World Data ◽  
World Data ◽  
Real World Evidence ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Times ◽  
Concrete Face

Real World Data (RWD) constitute a set of information sources on which the very current line of research of Real World Evidence (RWE) is based. RWE studies are based on data from observational studies, administrative databases, population or disease registers, insurance registers, electronic medical records, population health surveys and, more recently, social media and data from mobile devices and apps. While Randomized Clinical Trials (RCTs) answer the question “Can it work?” “Is it safe?” RWDs are more interested in answering the question “Does it work?”. We therefore move from a question of “efficacy / safety” to one of “effectiveness”. RWE studies allow to evaluate the safety of a treatment in a longer period than that of the RCTs, verify its quality and cost effectiveness, allow us to trace the natural history of a disease conditioned or not by a treatment, give us relevant information on compliance and on adherence to treatments and allow us to identify service models and patient preferences. Given the exciting perspective that the “real” vision of things outlines, AMD has decided to keep up with the times by forming a Group of work on “Real World Evidence”. The activities that the RWE Working Group is already promoting and carrying out are: 1) support for the publication of clinical cases; 2) support for the drafting of research protocols; 3) analysis of the Annals database. Addressing Real World Evidence in the widest possible way by collaborating with interested AMD Members, aligning with the need to give a concrete face to things, represents the vision of this Group. “Welcome to reality”! KEY WORD Real World Data, Real World Evidence, effectiveness.

A Comparison of the Effectiveness of Clinical Judgment with Objective Evaluation in the Prognosis of Rehabilitation Outcome

1973 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
William M. Holbert ◽  
Martha Walker
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Judgment ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Work Adjustment ◽  
Service Center ◽  
Rehabilitation Outcome ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Employment Evaluation

A three-year Research and Demonstraton Grant conducted at the Atlanta Employment Evaluation and Service Center, which serves the hardcore poor, is reviewed with particular emphasis on the clinical judgment of various staff members. Evaluators, caseworkers, and work adjustment staff were compared for accuracy of prognosis of client potential. Evaluators proved to be more optimistic and more accurate. The interaction of expectancies and performance is discussed, with particular attention to the role of self-concept in work potential. The possibility of self-destructive self-concepts of the disadvantaged and strategies for changing them is suggested. The effect of prophecy upon performance is also mentioned.

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