scholarly journals One-Year Change in Locus of Control among People with Dementia

2021 ◽  
pp. 298-305
Author(s):  
Ingeborg Halse ◽  
Guro Hanevold Bjørkløf ◽  
Knut Engedal ◽  
Geir Selbæk ◽  
Maria Lage Barca
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Personal Control ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Dementia Severity ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Knowledge of how perceptions of personal control change over time may provide valuable insights into how people cope with having dementia. The present study aimed to examine change in locus of control over a 12-month period in persons with dementia. <b><i>Method:</i></b> The study included 52 participants with dementia. Locus of control was measured with the Locus of Control of Behavior Scale (LoCB), with higher scores indicating a more external locus of control, interpreted as perceiving less personal control. A ≥5% change on the LoCB was considered clinically meaningful. We recorded sociodemographic characteristics and assessed dementia severity, cognition, ability to function independently in daily activities and physical self-maintenance, depressive symptomatology, and number of prescribed medications. Analyses were performed to examine differences between those with increases (more external) or decreases (less external) in the LoCB score after 12 months and to examine associations between baseline variables and change in the LoCB score. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The mean LoCB score for the total sample did not change after 12 months (baseline mean 29.33 vs. follow-up mean 30.33, <i>p</i> = 0.553); however, 2 subgroups emerged. Using the ≥5% cutoff revealed that the LoCB score changed for 92.3% of the sample, becoming less external (lower LoCB) for 21 participants and more external (higher LoCB) for 27 participants. At baseline, the mean LoBC score was higher in the group that became less external (33.81 vs. 24.56), <i>p</i> = 0.006, while this was reverse at follow-up (23.57 vs. 34.41), <i>p</i> = 0.001. Dementia severity and dependence in physical self-maintenance increased during the 12 months in both groups. Among those becoming more external, we also found a decline in cognition (<i>p</i> = 0.002), an increase in dependence in daily activities (<i>p</i> = 0.003), an increase in the use of prescribed medication, and a decrease in depressive symptomatology (<i>p</i> = 0.003). The baseline LoCB score was the only variable associated with 12-month change in LoCB scores (<i>p</i> = 0.001). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Most participants showed a clinically meaningful change in locus of control after 12 months. Those with more signs of dementia progression reported a decrease in personal control but also a decrease in depressive symptoms. These findings are interesting for our understanding of coping but must be replicated with a larger sample.

Intensive Fostering: An Independent Evaluation of MTFC in an English Setting

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Biehal ◽  
Sarah Ellison ◽  
Ian Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Independent Evaluation ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
One Year ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
Official Data

Nina Biehal, Sarah Ellison and Ian Sinclair present the results of an independent evaluation of the Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care (MTFC) programme for young offenders in England, where it is known as Intensive Fostering (IF). A quasi-experimental, mixed-methods study was carried out at the three pilot sites, with a total sample of 47 at follow-up. Young people sentenced to IF were compared to a similar group, matched on the eligibility criteria for IF, the majority of whom were sentenced to custody. The groups were well matched in terms of their characteristics and criminal histories. Official data on reconviction were collected at baseline and one year after entry to the IF placement or release from custody (Stage 1), and further data on programme completion and secondary outcomes were collected via interviews with young people and parents, and questionnaires to professionals at baseline and follow-up. Official data on reconviction were also collected one year after exit from the IF placements (Stage 2). At Stage 1 the IF group were less likely to be reconvicted, had committed fewer and less-serious recorded offences, on average, and took longer to commit their first recorded offence. At this point the IF group were more likely to be living with their families and less likely to be in custody than the comparison group. However, by Stage 2 no significant differences in patterns of reconviction remained. IF successfully contained a high-risk group in the community, but the effects of the intervention diminished once they left their foster placements. Environmental effects on entry to and exit from the IF placements may help to explain the results at both stages.

scholarly journals Effect of phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation in eyes with cataract and functioning filtering blebs

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Devendra Maheshwari ◽  
Rengappa Ramakrishanan ◽  
Mohideen Abdul Kader ◽  
Neelam Pawar ◽  
Ankit Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Intraocular Lens ◽  
Intraocular Lens Implantation ◽  
Corrected Visual Acuity ◽  
Lens Implantation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year ◽  
Best Corrected Visual Acuity

Aim: To evaluate the effect of phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation in eyes with pre-existing trabeculectomy.Methods: This prospective single-center clinical study evaluated intraocular pressure in 60 eyes of 60 patients who underwent phacoemulsification and implantation of a foldable intraocular lens after a previous successful trabeculectomy. Patients who had a trabeculectomy more than one year prior to the study were included. Intraocular pressure, number of antiglaucoma medications, bleb appearance, and visual acuity were recorded preoperatively, and at each follow-up examination and 12 months after phacoemulsification.Results: The mean intraocular pressure before phacoemulsification was 12.42 mmHg (SD, 4.60 mmHg), which increased to 14.98 mmHg (SD, 4.18 mmHg), 14.47 mmHg (SD, 3.58 mmHg), 15.44 mmHg (SD, 3.60 mmHg), and 15.71 mmHg (SD, 3.47 mmHg) after one, three, six, and 12 months, respectively. At each follow-up visit, the mean IOP was significantly higher than the preoperative value (p < 0.001, p = 0.015, p ≤ 0.001, and p = 0.001 at month one, three, six, and 12, respectively). The mean preoperative best-corrected visual acuity was 0.98 logMAR (SD, 0.44 logMAR) and the mean postoperative best-corrected visual acuity at 12 months was 0.20 logMAR (SD, 0.21 logMAR) [p = 0.0001]. The mean preoperative number of antiglaucoma medications used was 0.57 (SD, 0.63), which increased to 0.65 (SD, 0.63 ), 0.70 (SD, 0.72 ) 0.68, (SD, 0.70), and 0.67 (SD, 0.77 ) at one, three, six, and 12 months, respectively, but there were no statistically significant differences. Bleb size decreased clinically after phacoemulsification. Nineteen of 60 eyes (32%) developed fibrosis of bleb with decreased bleb size.Conclusion: Phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation significantly increased intraocular pressure and increased the number of antiglaucoma medications in eyes with pre-existing functioning filtering blebs.

Outcomes of conbercept therapy for choroidal neovascularization secondary to pathological myopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 210-213
Author(s):  
Zheng-Feng Liu ◽  
◽  
Da-Dong Guo ◽  
Mei-Hua Ding ◽  
Hong-Sheng Bi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Choroidal Neovascularization ◽  
Fundus Fluorescein Angiography ◽  
Pathological Myopia ◽  
Foveal Thickness ◽  
Central Foveal Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year

AIM: To evaluate the one-year outcome of intravitreal conbercept injections for the treatment of choroidal neovascularization secondary to pathological myopia (pm-CNV) by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). METHODS: The medical records of 26 consecutive eyes of 23 patients who received intravitreal injections of conbercept for pm-CNV with a follow-up of one year were retrospectively reviewed. All the patients were diagnosed by fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and OCTA at the first visit. All approaches were performed as “1+PRN” treatment. Outcomes included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central foveal thickness (CFT) and the mean CNV area by OCTA. RESULTS: Mean Logarithm BCVA improved from (0.66±0.51) at baseline to (0.39±0.38) at one year (t=3.528, P=0.004). The CFT before treatment and after one year after were 275.08±48.74) μm and (205.15±43.74) μm respectively (t=4.630, P=0.001). The mean pm-CNV areas before treatment and after one year treatment were (0.48±0.24) mm2 and (0.15±0.11) mm2 respectively, with a significant difference among them (t=5.329, P=0.000). Twenty-one eyes had no needs after the first treatment. Four eyes received 2 injections and only one eye received 3 injections. No severe adverse events were noted relevant to the therapy. CONCLUSION: Intravitreal conbercept can improve the vision and relieve CFT and CNV area for the treatment of pm-CNV with “1+PRN” by OCTA for one year, however, long-term follow-up still need to be performed.

scholarly journals An Epidemic of Primary Tuberculosis in a Canadian Aboriginal Community

1991 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 133-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel W Mah ◽  
Elizabeth Anne Fanning
Keyword(s):  
Positive Skin ◽  
Aboriginal Community ◽  
Primary Tuberculosis ◽  
Delay In Diagnosis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Source Case ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year ◽  
Isoniazid Prophylaxis

In 1987, an outbreak of primary tuberculosis occurred in a Canadian aboriginal community of 350 people. The source case was a young woman who had been symptomatic for four months with smear positive cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis. Her 17 siblings and their families were frequent close contacts. Among the 626 persons surveyed in the community and environs, 35 additional active cases of tuberculosis were identified. The mean age of cases was 13 years and the median age 10 years. The method of diagnosis was bacteriological in 20 and radiological in 16. There were 257 positive tuberculin reactors of whom 120 had no previous record of a positive skin test. Isoniazid prophylaxis was recommended to all new reactors, close household contacts, reactors under the age of 35 years and reactors with lung scars. One late case was identified at one year of follow-up in a contact who had refused prophylaxis. The rates of infection and disease were higher in the family (65% and 46%, respectively) than in the community and environs (19% and 5.6%, respectively). This report illustrates the nature of a point source epidemic of primary tuberculosis in a susceptible community with a predictable reservoir of infection. The delay in diagnosis of the source case allowed numerous new infections to occur. However, prompt aggressive contact follow-up was successful in containing the epidemic. To prevent future outbreaks, the reservoir of infected persons must be identified and administered chemoprophylaxis.

482Direct oral anticoagulant rivaroxaban in very old and frail patients: A one-year prospective follow-up of a large-scale cohort (SAFIR-AC)

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
O Hanon ◽  
J Vidal ◽  
E Chaussade ◽  
J P David ◽  
N Boulloche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Major Bleeding ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Bleeding Risk ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
Very Old ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

Abstract Background/Introduction Age is one of the strongest predictors/risk factors for ischemic stroke in subjects with atrial fibrillation (AF). Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have been shown to be effective in the prevention of this condition; however, clinical evidence on bleeding risk with this therapeutic strategy in very old and frail geriatric patients is poor. Purpose To assess bleeding risk in French geriatric patients aged ≥80 years and diagnosed with AF newly treated with rivaroxaban. Methods Subjects, presenting to one of 33 geriatric centers, with non-valvular AF and recent initiation of a treatment with rivaroxaban were enrolled in the study and followed-up every 3 months for 12 months. Clinical and routine laboratory data and evaluation scores, such as HAS-BLED, HEMORR2HAGES, ATRIA, and CHA2DS2-VASc, as well as comprehensive geriatric evaluation were reported. Major bleeding, as defined in ROCKET AF study, was reported at each visit, and this primary outcome was adjudicated by an independent committee. Results of this cohort were compared with findings from a similar cohort treated with vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) from the same centers (n=924). Results A total of 1045 subjects were enrolled in the study of whom 995 (95%) had a one-year follow-up (analyzed population). The mean (standard deviation (SD)) age was 86.0 (4.3) years, with the majority of patients being female (61%), 23% aged 90 years or older, and 48% having an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <50 mL/min. The main comorbidities were hypertension in 77% of subjects, malnutrition 49%, anemia 43%, dementia 39%, heart failure 36%, and falls 27%. The mean (SD) score for CHA2DS2-VASc was 4.8 (1.4), HAS-BLED 2.4 (0.9), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) 21.5 (6.9), Activities of Daily Living (ADL) 4.4 (1.9), and Charlson Comorbidity Index 6.7 (2.0). The one-year rate of major bleeding events was 6.4% of which 0.8% were fatal and 1.1% intracranial hemorrhages (ICH), whereas the one-year rate of ischemic stroke was 1.4% and all-cause mortality 17.9%. Computed with VKA cohort findings and adjusted for age, gender, eGFR and Charlson score, this would result in a hazard ratio of 0.54 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.38 to 0.78) for major bleeding, 0.36 (0.17 to 0.76) for ICH, 0.62 (0.29 to 1.33) for ischemic stroke, and 0.82 (0.65 to 1.02) for all-cause mortality, in favor of rivaroxaban. Conclusions This is the first large-scale prospective study in geriatric population in AF subjects treated with DOAC (rivaroxaban) Major bleeding risk appeared higher in very old than younger population, however major bleeding and ICH rates were significantly lower with rivaroxaban than with VKAs when used in the same geriatric population. This study indicates that Rivaroxaban can be used in very old and frail patients for the treatment of non-valvular AF. Acknowledgement/Funding Unrestricted grant from Bayer

scholarly journals Meniscus Repair Outcomes with and without Bone Marrow Aspiration Concentrate

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7_suppl5) ◽  
pp. 2325967119S0028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Allan Massey ◽  
Andrew Zhang ◽  
Christine Bayt Stairs ◽  
Stephen Hoge ◽  
Trevor Carroll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽  
Meniscus Repair ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pain Level ◽  
Average Pain ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

Objectives: The purpose of the current study is to review the results of meniscus repairs with and without bone marrow aspiration concentrate (BMAC). It is hypothesized that with BMAC, meniscus repair outcomes will be improved when compared to without BMAC at 1 year after surgery. Methods: This is a prospective case control study performed from August 2014 until August 2017. Patients were included if they had a meniscus repair performed with no history of prior meniscus surgery to the operative knee. Patients were excluded if there was a full thickness cartilage tear or International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) Grade IV cartilage tear not treated in a single staged surgery. Patients were also excluded if they did not reach the one year follow-up, had a multi-ligamentous knee injury requiring multiple staged procedures. From August 2014 until November 2015, patients had meniscus repair without BMA. Menisci were all repaired arthroscopically using inside-out, outside-in and all-inside techniques. After November 2015, all meniscus repairs were augmented with BMAC. In the BMAC group, all bone marrow was obtained from the ipsilateral femur during the time of surgery. The Biocue BMAC system (Zimmer Biomet, Warsaw Indiana) was used for bone marrow aspiration and BMAC was injected directly into the tear site after repair. Numerical data such as VAS, lysholm and IKDC was analyzed using a 2 sample T-test. Categorical data such as sex, tear location, type of tear and zone of tear were analyzed using a chi-square. Results: A total of 150 patients were initially included in the study. The average age in the control group was 26.3 versus 29.4 in the BMAC group (P=0.27). Thirty seven percent of the control group had an ACL reconstruction versus 40% in the BMAC group (P= .77). The control group improved from an average pain level of 6.1 to 1.2 and the BMAC group improved from an average pain level of 5.9 to 0.7 at the 1 year end point. Both the control group and BMAC group improved with respect to pain with no difference at the 1 year end point (P=.19). There was, however a significantly larger reduction in pain at the 6 week and 3 month time point with BMAC compared to the control group (P=.02 and P=.02 respectively). At the 1-year follow-up, the mean lysholm score improved from 43 to 92 in the control group and 43 to 90 in the BMAC group. The mean IKDC score improved from 37 to 87 in the control group and 36 to 83 in the BMAC group at the one year follow-up. Conclusion: Meniscus repair outcomes were improved at 6 weeks and 3 months post-operatively, when BMAC is used to augment meniscus repair compared to repair without BMAC. Both groups, control group and BMAC meniscus repair group had improved outcomes at 1 year post-operatively with respect to VAS, lysholm and IKDC, with no difference in complication rate.

scholarly journals Change in Depression Symptomatology and Cognitive Function in Twins: A 10-Year Follow-Up Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inge Petersen ◽  
Matt McGue ◽  
Qihua Tan ◽  
Kaare Christensen ◽  
Lene Christiansen
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
Cognitive Change ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Depression Symptomatology

A complex interrelation exists between change in depression symptomatology and cognitive decline. Studies indicate either that depression is a direct risk factor for cognitive change over time, or vice versa. Longitudinal twin studies provide the possibility to unravel cause and effect of correlated traits. Here, we have applied twin modeling approaches to shed light on the genetic correlation between both level and change of depression symptomatology and cognitive functioning, and to further explore the bidirectionality of any such correlation using assessments of both phenotypes at two occasions 10 years apart. The study included 2,866 Danish twins with a mean age of 56.8 years at intake (range: 45–68 years). Of these, 1,267 were intact pairs. A total number of 1,582 twins (55%), of whom 557 were intact pairs, participated in the follow-up survey. We found stable cross-sectional heritability estimates of approximately 60% for general cognitive abilities and 30% for affective depressive symptoms. There was a considerable decline in the mean cognitive performance over 10 years, whereas the mean affective depression symptoms score was stable and with no genetic contribution to any individual change. Additionally, we saw a small but significant cross-trait correlation at both occasions (-0.11 and -0.09, respectively), but cross-trait cross-occasion analysis revealed no evidence that either of the two traits predicts the other over a 10-year interval. Thus, our study was not able to detect any causal association between change in depressive symptomatology and cognitive decline in middle-aged and elderly people over a 10-year interval.

scholarly journals Recurrent Anterior Glenohumeral Instability-Arthroscopic Results of Bankart Repair

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (11_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967114S0026
Author(s):  
Ahmet Guney ◽  
İbrahim Karaman ◽  
Murat Kahraman ◽  
Mithat Öner ◽  
Erdal Uzun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Surgery ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Arthroscopic Repair ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Bankart Repair ◽  
Shoulder Abduction ◽  
Arthroscopic Bankart Repair ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Objectives: In the treatment of traumatic anterior shoulder instability there is still not formed a ideal consensus. Although the results of the open technique for repairing Bankart lesions detected in these patients, in recent years with the development of arthroscopic methods, arthroscopic Bankart repair with the successful results are obtained. We aimed to present our results of Bankart repair with the arthroscopic method. Methods: The study included 42 patients who underwent arthroscopic Bankart repair in our clinic between the years 2011-2014. Mean age was 26.3 (18-37). Preoperative and postoperative pain and functions of the patients were assessed using the Constant and Rowe scores. The mean follow-up period was 19 months (range 6 to 30 months). Patients with at least two dislocations were included in the study. The mean number of dislocations was 4.8 (2-10). The mean time from the first trauma to surgical intervention was 2.5 years (range 0.5 to 10 years). Patients with multidirectional instability were excluded. Repair was performed using double-stranded double with the standard anterior portal. Decision for surgical treatment was made based on limitation of activities because of fear of having a dislocation and on positive results of instability tests. Before surgery for all patients, a detailed clinical examination, conventional radiography and conventional MRI were evaluated. All the patients had labral tears on preoperative magnetic resonance scans and had complaints of instability even during daily activities. Results: The mean passive shoulder abduction was 155 (145-170) degrees and mean external rotation was measured 80 (60-90) degrees. The mean preoperative Rowe score was 42 points, while the postoperative score was 89.1 points at the last time follow up. The difference was statistically significant (p <0.05). The Constant score was 52 preoperatively and increased to 85 points after the surgery. The difference was statistically significant (p <0.05). The mean loss of external rotation was observed %28.75 and the last time follow up decreased to %8.2. The difference was statistically significant (p <0.05). All of the patients returned to their daily activities and no dislocation has been occurred. Conclusion: Although, in the past, the results of arthroscopic repair were less satisfactory compared to open and mini open surgery. This condition has changed remarkably. The results of arthroscopic repair in our study were good enough compared to open surgeries. Also in patients who underwent arthroscopic repair, length of hospital stay is shorter, less pain and less scar tissue occurs after the surgery. We believe that, with enhanced experience and advances in arthroscopic repair techniques, arthroscopic treatment may outweigh open surgery.

Vascularized fibular epiphyseal transfer for proximal humeral reconstruction in children with a primary sarcoma of bone

2018 ◽  
Vol 100-B (4) ◽  
pp. 535-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Stevenson ◽  
R. Doxey ◽  
A. Abudu ◽  
M. Parry ◽  
S. Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Limb Salvage ◽  
Avascular Necrosis ◽  
Proximal Humerus ◽  
Bone Tumour ◽  
Limb Salvage Surgery ◽  
Primary Sarcoma ◽  
Toronto Extremity Salvage Score ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year

Aims Preserving growth following limb-salvage surgery of the upper limb in children remains a challenge. Vascularized autografts may provide rapid biological incorporation with the potential for growth and longevity. In this study, we aimed to describe the outcomes following proximal humeral reconstruction with a vascularized fibular epiphyseal transfer in children with a primary sarcoma of bone. We also aimed to quantify the hypertrophy of the graft and the annual growth, and to determine the functional outcomes of the neoglenofibular joint. Patients and Methods We retrospectively analyzed 11 patients who underwent this procedure for a primary bone tumour of the proximal humerus between 2004 and 2015. Six had Ewing’s sarcoma and five had osteosarcoma. Their mean age at the time of surgery was five years (two to eight). The mean follow-up was 5.2 years (1 to 12.2). Results The overall survival at five and ten years was 91% (confidence interval (CI) 95% 75% to 100%). At the time of the final review, ten patients were alive. One with local recurrence and metastasis died one-year post-operatively. Complications included seven fractures, four transient nerve palsies, and two patients developed avascular necrosis of the graft. All the fractures presented within the first postoperative year and united with conservative management. One patient had two further operations for a slipped fibular epiphysis of the autograft, and a hemi-epiphysiodesis for lateral tibial physeal arrest. Hypertrophy and axial growth were evident in nine patients who did not have avascular necrosis of the graft. The mean hypertrophy index was 65% (55% to 82%), and the mean growth was 4.6 mm per annum (2.4 to 7.6) in these nine grafts. At final follow-up, the mean modified functional Musculoskeletal Tumour Society score was 77% (63% to 83%) and the mean Toronto Extremity Salvage Score (TESS) was 84% (65% to 94%). Conclusion Vascularized fibular epiphyseal transfer preserves function and growth in young children following excision of the proximal humerus for a malignant bone tumour. Function compares favourably to other limb-salvage procedures in children. Longer term analysis is required to determine if this technique proves to be durable into adulthood. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:535–41.

Mortality after proximal hip fracture in the Singapore population

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 166-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.H. Lin ◽  
Y.W. Lim ◽  
Y.J. Wu ◽  
K.S. Lam
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Regional Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year

The aims were to prospectively assess the mortality risk following proximal hip fractures, identify factors predictive of increased mortality and to investigate the time trends in mortality with comparison to previous studies. Prospectively collected data from 68 consecutive patients who had been admitted to a regional hospital from May 2001 to September 2001 were reviewed. The mean age of the patients was 79.3 years old (range, 55–98) and 72.1% females. Patients were followed prospectively to determine the mortality risk associated with hip fracture over a two-year follow-up period. The acute in-hospital mortality rate at six months, one year and two years was 5.9% (4/68), 14.7% (10/68), 20.6% (14/68) and 25% (17/68) respectively. One-year and two-year mortality for those patients who were 80 or older was significantly higher than for other patients and the number of co-morbid illnesses also had significant effect. Cox regression was performed to determine the significant predictors for survival time. It was noted that patients 80 years or older were at higher risk of death compared with those less than 80 years as well as those with higher number of co-morbid illnesses. Our mortality rates have not declined in the past 10 years when compared with previous local studies. We conclude that for this group of patients studied, their mortality at one year and two years could be predicted by their age group and their number of co-morbid illnesses.

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