scholarly journals Testing embedded system through optimal mining technique (OMT) based on multi-input domain

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 2141
Author(s):  
J. K. R. Sastry ◽  
M. Lakshmi Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Embedded Systems ◽  
Embedded System ◽  
Nuclear Reactors ◽  
The Other ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Mining Technique ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Input Domain

<p class="Abstract">Testing embedded systems must be done carefully particularly in the significant regions of the embedded systems. Inputs from an embedded system can happen in multiple order and many relationships can exist among the input sequences. Consideration of the sequences and the relationships among the sequences is one of the most important considerations that must be tested to find the expected behavior of the embedded systems. On the other hand combinatorial approaches help determining fewer test cases that are quite enough to test the embedded systems exhaustively. In this paper, an Optimal Mining Technique that considers multi-input domain which is based on built-in combinatorial approaches has been presented. The method exploits multi-input sequences and the relationships that exist among multi-input vectors. The technique has been used for testing an embedded system that monitors and controls the temperature within the Nuclear reactors.</p>

scholarly journals Testing embedded systems using test cases generated through combinatorial techniques

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.7) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Lakshmi Prasad Mudarakola ◽  
J K.R. Sastry ◽  
V Chandra Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Embedded Systems ◽  
Embedded System ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Critical Systems ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Intelligent Devices ◽  
Wireless Infrastructure ◽  
Combinatorial Methods

Thorough testing of embedded systems is required especially when the systems are related to monitoring and controlling the mission critical and safety critical systems. The embedded systems must be tested comprehensively which include testing hardware, software and both together. Embedded systems are highly intelligent devices that are infiltrating our daily lives such as the mobile in your pocket, and wireless infrastructure behind it, routers, home theatre system, the air traffic control station etc. Software now makes up 90% of the value of these devices. In this paper, authors present different methods to test an embedded system using test cases generated through combinatorial techniques. The experimental results for testing a TMCNRS (Temperature Monitoring and Controlling Nuclear Reactor System) using test cases generated from combinatorial methods are also shown.

scholarly journals Remedios por falta de conformidad en contratos de compraventa y de suministro de elementos digitales con varias prestaciones = Remedies for non-conformity in contractsof sale and supply of digital items with several elements

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 796
Author(s):  
Lídia Arnau Raventós
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Partial Resolution ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Resolution Model

 Resumen: El comentario analiza, esencialmente, de qué manera la compraventa de varios bienes o el suministro de varios elementos digitales incide en los remedios por falta de conformidad con el con­trato. La previsión de la cantidad como criterio de conformidad avala, de entrada, la hipótesis, mientras que el modelo de la resolución parcial permite ensayar escenarios en los que concurran, simultáneamen­te, varios remedios.Palabras clave: cantidad, falta de conformidad, resolución, suspensión, acumulación de remedios, contrato mixtoAbstract: The comment analyses how the sales of several goods or the supply of several digital elements affects the remedies due to lack of conformity with the contract. The quantity as a requirement for the conformity presupposes that case. On the other hand, the partial resolution model can be exten­ded to other remedies and allows test cases of cumulation of remedies.Keywords: quantity, lack of conformity, termination, withholding, cumulation of remedies, mixed contract.

scholarly journals Aeroelasticity in Turbomachines: Some Aspects of the Effect of Coupling Modeling and Blade Material Changes

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Moyroud ◽  
Georges Jacquet-Richardet ◽  
Torsten H. Fransson
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Behavior ◽  
Energy Method ◽  
The Other ◽  
Feedback Effect ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Eigenvalue Approach ◽  
Structural Dynamic ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Aeroelastic Analysis

Two methods are generally used for the aeroelastic analysis of bladed-disc assemblies. The first, often referred to as the energy method, assumes that the fluid does not modify invacuum structural dynamic behavior. On the other hand, the second, based on an eigenvalue approach, considers the feedback effect of the fluid on the structure. In this paper, these methods are compared using different test cases, in order to highlight the limitations of the energy method. Within this comparison, the effect of material modifications on the coupled behavior of the assembly is examined.

scholarly journals Biomedical Applications with Using Embedded Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulcicek Dere
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Embedded Systems ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Embedded System ◽  
Patient Management ◽  
The Other ◽  
System Structure ◽  
Portable Devices ◽  
The Embedded System ◽  
Commercial Applications

Besides the use of embedded systems in the field of electrical and electronics engineering, industrial, telecommunication, military, and many other commercial applications, and the other applications in the field of medical and biomedical are becoming increasingly common. Embedded system applications are increasing not only with designs on devices or with clothing, factories, medical and military equipments, portable devices, but also with applications such as ‘mobile worlds’ and ‘e-worlds’, Artificial Intelligence and IoT (Internet of things) with the possibility to make all kinds of software on them. In recent years, with the rise of infectious diseases such as the Covid 19 virus, there is a growing need for telemedicine applications such as diagnosis, prognosis and patient management. Embedded system technologies have occupied an important area in biomedical technology. Especially, to develop tools for the purposes of increasing the safety of healthcare workers in the event of epidemic infectious diseases in processes such as pandemics. For this purpose, monitoring of patients discharged from hospitals at home or non-intensive care beds during quarantine, or isolated in their homes, outpatient, and mildly ill, remotely, instantly, safely and quickly, are becoming increasingly important. In this section, we will give an overview of the embedded system structure and applications.

scholarly journals A Neural Network Based Strategy (NNBS) for Automated Construction of Test Cases for Testing an Embedded System using Combinatorial Techniques

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1.3) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Lakshmi Prasad Mudarakola ◽  
J. K. R. Sastry
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Embedded Systems ◽  
Embedded System ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Paper Test ◽  
Testing Tools ◽  
System A ◽  
The Neural Network ◽  
Important Concern

Testing an embedded system is required to locate bugs in software, diminish risk, development, repairs costs and to improve performance for both users and the company. Embedded software testing tools are useful for catching defects during unit, integration and system testing.   Embedded systems in many cases must be optimized by engaging crucial areas of the embedded systems considering all factors of the input domain.  The most important concern is to build a place of test cases depend on design of the requirements that can recognize more number of faults at a least rate and point in time in the major sections of an embedded system. This paper proposes a Neural Network Based strategy (NNBS) to generate optimized test cases based on the considerations of the system. A tool called NNTCG (Neural Network Test Case Generator) has been build up based on the method proposed in this paper. Test cases are generated for testing an embedded system using NNTCG and the same are used to determine the expected output through the neural network and the output generated from the actual firmware. The faulty paths within the firmware are determined when the output generated by the neural network is not same as the output generated by the firmware.

scholarly journals NOVEL DIGITAL LOCK SYSTEM

2012 ◽  
pp. 102-105
Author(s):  
N. BHUVANESH ◽  
M. GAUTHAMAN
Keyword(s):  
Embedded System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Dc Motor ◽  
The Other ◽  
Logical Operations ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Recent Increase ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Man ◽  
Stated Problem

In this paper we have proposed a new digital lock model which is primarily designed for low cost intermediate security purpose. Even though there are digital locks available this one is designed keeping the common man in mind. It will be the first digital locking system that would be available at a price less than 700 rupees. The recent increase in burglary levels proves the fact that the lever locking system is no more reliable and effective, but on the other hand the present digital locks are around 3000 rupees making it over priced. So this clearly shows the need for an intermediate effective digital locking system. Our novel digital locking system is aimed exactly to solve the above stated problem. Our model is an outcome of embedded system and can works using an 8051 microcontroller interfaced with a 16*2 lcd to perform logical operations. The input is given by the user using 3*3 matrixes key padded system. The locking system consist of a power lock which is widely used in automobiles, it primarily consist of an dc motor which on rotating moves the lever back and forth depending on the direction of rotation. The interrupt pins are used to clear the buzzer which is connected to port 3 pins which thereby notifies the user immediately in case of theft or burglary.

Conclusions and Test Cases

2019 ◽  
pp. 224-250
Author(s):  
Virginia M. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Hot Springs ◽  
The Other ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City ◽  
The Way

Chapter 5 explores the odes for Psaumis of Kamarina and Ergoteles of Himera. After a brief survey of the history of the two cities and the cultural context for the poems, the chapter then argues that Psaumis and Ergoteles offer contrasting examples of the way that Pindar mitigates the status of hybrid citizens in Sicily by writing the victors themselves into their local landscapes and civic ideology that is bound to the landscape. As examples of an immigrant (Ergoteles) and, at least possibly, a Greek of Sikel ethnicity (Psaumis), Ergoteles and Psaumis contrast with the tyrants Hieron and Theron. The poet, it suggests, emphasizes Psaumis’ control of both the landscape and cityscape of Kamarina in Olympian 4 and Olympian 5 and converts him into a quasi-mythical benefactor of the city. On the other hand, Ergoteles, an exiled Cretan, is integrated into the civic fabric of Himera through a bath in the hot springs of the Nymphs. This chapter proposes that Pindar’s emphasis on landscape in the Sicilian odes is a feature that transcends the divide between tyrant and non-tyrant victors. As in the odes for Syracusans and Akragantines, local landscapes in the odes for Kamarina and Himera participate in the formation of civic traditions. It argues, however, that in the cases of odes for victors who are themselves establishing their civic status the victor himself becomes affiliated with the local landscape through Pindar’s poetry.

A PLATFORM APPROACH FOR HARDWARE/SOFTWARE CO-DESIGN WITH SUPPORT FOR RTOS-BASED SYSTEMS

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (06) ◽  
pp. 961-979 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. El-MALAKI ◽  
M. WATHEQ El-KHARASHI ◽  
S. HAMMAD ◽  
A. SALEM ◽  
A. WAHDAN
Keyword(s):  
Embedded Systems ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Embedded Software ◽  
The Other ◽  
Real Case ◽  
Design Criteria ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Design Algorithm ◽  
Design Methodologies ◽  
Platform Based Design

We propose a new flow for hardware/software co-design, based on the platform-based design, which forms a base for further automation attempts of the co-design process. We prove the applicability of the proposed flow on co-designing generic systems as well as RTOS-based systems. Our proposed flow starts with a software-only solution in which all system functionality is described as embedded software targeting a selected platform. Then, the flow iterates through co-verification, profiling, partitioning, and co-synthesis until the design criteria are met. We present four test cases to show the effectiveness of our proposed methodology. The main contribution added by the proposed methodology is incorporating the target application platform at the first stage of the flow then applying our iterative co-design algorithm without altering the main platform. This opposes other co-design methodologies that let the platform details be synthesized at later stages, widening the exploration space to be unrealistic and producing platforms that may vary to a large extent compared to the pre-verified application platform. The other contribution is the study provided on the effect of co-design on the behavior of RTOS-based platforms, which brings the flow closer to real-case problems, where most embedded systems utilize RTOS in their software stack.

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF USART COMMUNICATION BETWEEN REAL TIME OPERATING SYSTEM (RTOS) AND NATIVE INTERRUPT

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Novian Habibie ◽  
Machmud Roby Alhamidi ◽  
Dwi Marhaendro Jati Purnomo ◽  
Muhammad Febrian Rachmadi
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
Embedded Systems ◽  
Embedded System ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
The Other ◽  
Crucial Point ◽  
Real Time Operating System ◽  
Interrupt Service Routine ◽  
External Component

Comunication between microcontrollers is one of the crucial point in embedded sytems. On the other hand, embedded system must be able to run many parallel task simultaneously. To handle this, we need a reliabe system that can do a multitasking without decreasing every task’s performance. The most widely used methods for multitasking in embedded systems are using Interrupt Service Routine (ISR) or using Real Time Operating System (RTOS). This research compared perfomance of USART communication on system with RTOS to a system that use interrupt. Experiments run on two identical development board XMega A3BU-Xplained which used intenal sensor (light and temperature) and used servo as external component. Perfomance comparison done by counting ping time (elapsing time to transmit data and get a reply as a mark that data has been received) and compare it. This experiments divided into two scenarios: (1) system loaded with many tasks, (2) system loaded with few tasks. Result of the experiments show that communication will be faster if system only loaded with few tasks. System with RTOS has won from interrupt in case (1), but lose to interrupt in case (2).

A study of cometary eruptions through OH radio-lines

1999 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 249-254
Author(s):  
A.M. Silva ◽  
R.D. Miró
Keyword(s):  
Short Duration ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
The Other ◽  
Initial Mass ◽  
Radio Lines ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Sudden Rise

AbstractWe have developed a model for theH2OandOHevolution in a comet outburst, assuming that together with the gas, a distribution of icy grains is ejected. With an initial mass of icy grains of 108kg released, theH2OandOHproductions are increased up to a factor two, and the growth curves change drastically in the first two days. The model is applied to eruptions detected in theOHradio monitorings and fits well with the slow variations in the flux. On the other hand, several events of short duration appear, consisting of a sudden rise ofOHflux, followed by a sudden decay on the second day. These apparent short bursts are frequently found as precursors of a more durable eruption. We suggest that both of them are part of a unique eruption, and that the sudden decay is due to collisions that de-excite theOHmaser, when it reaches the Cometopause region located at 1.35 × 105kmfrom the nucleus.

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