scholarly journals Power Cable with Two Joints Experimental Analysis for Defect Assessments

Author(s):  
Tze Mei Kuan ◽  
Azrul Mohd. Ariffin

<span>Time domain reflectometry (TDR) is an easy technique that provides quick response which is ideal for power utility companies to conduct cable diagnostics on-site. Electricity disruption due to power cable failure is a major challenge for power utility companies due to the long length of cable installed with joints. The long time taken to diagnose the defect along the cable before electricity can be restored has not only jeopardized the reputation of power utility companies but also brings losses to the economy. Hence, this study conducts experimental analysis on cable with two joints with the application of TDR technique to reduce the electricity disruption time. This research is divided into two stages where stage 1 conducts experiments on cable with one degraded section while stage 2 looks into cable with two degraded sections. The TDR reflection characteristics are studied from stage 1 experiments and applied to stage 2 experiments to verify the consistency of the TDR reflection characteristics. The cable conditions of stage 2 experiments are predicted using the reflection characteristics from stage 1 observations and are then validated by comparing these predictions with the actual cable configuration. Results obtained from these experiments have proven that the TDR reflection characteristics are consistent and accurate which can be used to sectionalize the degraded cable section. Detail findings of all experiments conducted with the TDR application are discussed in part three of this paper.</span>

Author(s):  
Tze Mei Kuan ◽  
Suhaila Sulaiman ◽  
Azrul Mohd. Ariffin ◽  
Mohd Amjad Ridzuan Radhi

<p>Electricity disruption due to power cable failure is a major challenge to power utility companies worldwide. A technique which provides quick response with accurate result is needed to detect defects along the cable to reduce the disruption time. This paper discusses the application of time domain reflectometry (TDR) technique to identify and locate the defect along a cable. A cable system is modelled in MATLAB/Simulink to replicate the cable configuration with two joints using the scattering parameter (S-parameter). This research studies the fault identification for two degraded sections in a cable by analyzing the reflected signal from the TDR technique. The characteristics of the reflected signal which indicates the defect cable section are discussed in detail in this paper. Results from MATLAB/Simulink simulations are also compared to the experimental results of the same cable configuration. This study shows that the signal reflection characteristics from MATLAB/Simulink simulations are similar to the experimental results. This indicates that the cable model system built using MATLAB/Simulink replicates the actual cable system accurately which can be used for further analysis of cable fault localization.</p>


2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 564-580
Author(s):  
Eloiza Rocha Queiroz ◽  
José Falcão Sobrinho

A região Nordeste do Brasil vem sendo alvo de medidas do Estado a mais de um século, na tentativa de solucionar o problema da falta de água em época de secas. O Estado do Ceará, por sua vez, apresenta boa parte de seu território inserido no semiárido brasileiro, uma região caracterizada pelo clima seco, com poucas chuvas e elevada evapotranspiração. A problemática da água existe há bastante tempo, principalmente o acesso em quantidade e qualidade suficientes para atender a população. O presente trabalho tem como tema central a questão dos recursos hídricos, com enfoque no abastecimento humano do município de Cariré, localizado na região noroeste do Ceará. Nosso objetivo consiste em apresentar um panorama de como atualmente a população carireense tem acesso à água potável. A metodologia adotada constitui-se em duas etapas: na primeira, realizamos levantamento de material bibliográfico e a segunda diz respeito a parte prática realizada em saídas a campo. Segundo a ONU, a água é um bem comum e que deve ser de acesso a todos, é um direito humano. Nesta perspectiva, o gerenciamento adequado dos recursos hídricos é essencial para a manutenção da qualidade de vida. Palavras-chave: Recursos Hídricos; Abastecimento Humano; Cariré-Ce. ABSTRACTThe pnortheast region from Brazil has been subject of measures for more than a century in attempts to solve the problems lack of water in dry season. The state of Ceará has a good part of its territorial inserted in Brazilian semiarid, a region characterized by dry climate, short rains and high evapotranspiration. The water issue has existed for a long time, mainly in a sufficient access of quantity and quality to serve the population. Then, this article has as a central theme the water resources focusing on water supply of the Cariré localized at Northeast region from Ceará. Therefore the purpose of the paper is to present a study about how the Carire’s population has had access to potable water currently. The methodology adopted to this research consists of two stages: Firstly it was carried out a survey of bibliographical material and secondly it concerned the practical part carried out in the field trips. In accordance to United nations, water is a commom good and it has to be available to everyone, it is a human rights. In that sense, the proper management of water resources is essential to keep the quality of life.Key-words: Human supply; Water resources; Cariré – Ce. RÉSUMÉLa région du nord-est du Brésil est la cible de mesures prises par l’État depuis plus d’un siècle pour tenter de résoudre le problème de la pénurie d’eau en saison sèche. L’État du Ceará, en revanche, présente une bonne partie de son territoire inséré dans le semi-aride brésilien, région caractérisée par un climat sec, avec peu de pluies et une forte évapotranspiration. Le problème de l'eau existe depuis longtemps, principalement l'accès en quantité et qualité suffisantes pour satisfaire la population. Le travail actuel a pour thème central la question des ressources en eau, en mettant l'accent sur l'approvisionnement humain de la municipalité de Cariré, située dans la région nord-ouest du Ceará. Notre objectif est de présenter un aperçu de la façon dont la population carioca a actuellement accès à l’eau potable. La méthodologie adoptée comporte deux étapes: dans le premier, nous procédons à une enquête sur le matériel bibliographique et le second à la partie pratique réalisée lors des visites sur le terrain. Selon l'ONU, l'eau est un bien commun et doit être accessible à tous, c'est un droit humain. Dans cette perspective, la gestion adéquate des ressources en eau est essentielle au maintien de la qualité de la vie.Mots-clés: Ressources en eau; Approvisionnement humain; Cariré-Ce.


2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-227
Author(s):  
Aijun Deng ◽  
Yunjin Xia ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Dingdong Fan

AbstractThe effect of the addition of 2CaO·SiO2 solid particles on dephosphorization behavior in carbon-saturated hot metal was investigated. The research results showed that the addition of 2CaO·SiO2 particles have little influence on desilication and demanganization, and the removal of [Si] and [Mn] occurred in the first 5 min with different conditions where the contents of 2CaO·SiO2 particles addition for the conditions 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 are 0, 2.2, 6.4, 8.6, and 13.0 g, respectively. The final dephosphorization ratios for the conditions 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 are 61.2%, 66.9%, 79.6%, 63.0%, and 78.1%, respectively. The dephosphorization ratio decreases with the increase of 2CaO·SiO2 particles in the first 3 min. The reason for this is that the dephosphorization process between hot metal and slag containing C2S phase consisted of two stages: Stage 1, [P] transfers from hot metal to liquid slag and Stage 2, the dephosphorization production (3CaO·P2O5) in liquid slag reacts with 2CaO·SiO2 to form C2S–C3P solid solution. The increase of 2CaO·SiO2 particles increases the viscosity of slag and weakens the dephosphorization ability of the stage 1. The SEM and XRD analyses show that the phase of dephosphorization slag with the addition of different 2CaO·SiO2 particles is composed of white RO phase, complex liquid silicate phase, and black solid phase (C2S or C2S–C3P). Because the contents of C2S–C3P and 2CaO·SiO2 in slag and the dephosphorization ability of the two stages are different, the dephosphorization ability with different conditions is different.


2020 ◽  
pp. 112-122
Author(s):  
V.S. Mosin

The paper describes two stages of archeological studies at the territory of the Ilmeny State Reserve. Stage 1 is related to expedition of L.Ya. Krizhevskaya in 1961–1970, which resulted in fn-ding of more than 40 settlements and sites of the Stone Age, Bronze Age and Early Iron Age. Seven settlements were excavated. Stage 2 studies began in 2010 and are continued at present. These works allowed us to fnd about 40 sites and settlements of the Stone Age and to excavate of the Stone Age sites and Bronze Ages burials.


Author(s):  
Kadek Adi Sidiantara . ◽  
I Gede Mahendra Darmawiguna, S.Kom., M.S . ◽  
Gede Aditra Pradnyana, S.Kom., M.Kom. .

Permainan Tradisional “Adu Gangsing” adalah salah satu jenis permainan tradisional yang diwariskan sejak lama oleh nenek moyang kita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) menghasilkan rancangan dan mengimplementasikan hasil rancangan film dokumenter Permainan Tradisonal “Adu Gangsing” di Buleleng (sebagai warisan budaya leluhur yang tidak lekang oleh waktu), (2) Untuk mengetahui respon masyarakat terhadap hasil akhir film dokumenter “Adu Gangsing” di Buleleng (sebagai warisan budaya leluhur yang tidak lekang oleh waktu) Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian dengan model cyclyc strategy. Model ciclyc strategy terdiri dari tahap brief (riset awal dan penawaran ide), tahap 1 (pengumpulan data dan analisis kebutuhan film), tahap 2 (pra-produksi), evaluasi peneliti, tahap 3 (produksi dan pasca produksi), evaluasi uji ahli (ahli media dan ahli isi), tahap 4 (burning, desain poster, dan desain DVD), outcome (publikasi film) dan uji respon penonton. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa film dokumenter Permainan Tradisonal “Adu Gangsing” di Buleleng (sebagai warisan budaya leluhur yang tidak lekang oleh waktu) dalam kriteria sangat baik. Simpulan yang didapatkan yaitu perancangan film dokumenter Permainan Tradisonal “Adu Gangsing” di Buleleng (sebagai warisan budaya leluhur yang tidak lekang oleh waktu) telah berhasil dilaksanakan dengan model cyclic strategy dengan menggunakan tahapan produksi film. Film dokumenter Permainan Tradisonal “Adu Gangsing” sudah berhasil masuk dalam kategori sangat baik sesuai dengan hasil uji ahli isi dan media. Serta berdasarkan analisis terhadap 30 orang responden yang berasal dari kalangan masyarakat khususnya generasi muda dinyatakan bahwa film dokumenter ini mendapatkan total presentase sebesar 90,59% yang masuk kategori sangat baik.Kata Kunci : Kata kunci: Permainan Tradisional, Adu Gangsing, Film Dokumenter, Cyclic Strategy. Traditional games "Adu Gangsing" is one type of traditional game that has been inherited for a long time by our ancestors. This study aims to (1) produce designs and implement the results of the documentary documentary "Adu Gangsing" Traditional Games in Buleleng (as a timeless heritage), (2) To find out the public response to the final results of the documentary "Adu Gangsing" "In Buleleng (as a timeless cultural heritage) The type of research used in this study is research with a cyclyc strategy model. The Ciclyc strategy model consists of a brief stage (initial research and idea offering), stage 1 (data collection and film needs analysis), stage 2 (pre-production), researcher evaluation, stage 3 (production and post-production), expert test evaluation ( media expert and content expert), stage 4 (burning, poster design, and DVD design), outcome (film publication) and audience response test. The results of the study show that the documentary film "Adu Gangsing" Traditional Games in Buleleng (as a timeless cultural heritage) is in very good criteria. The conclusions obtained were the design of the documentary film "Adu Gangsing" Traditional Games in Buleleng (as a timeless cultural heritage) that has been successfully implemented with a cyclic strategy model using the stages of film production. The documentary film "Adu Gangsing" Traditional Games has successfully entered the excellent category according to the results of the content and media expert test. And based on the analysis of 30 respondents from the community, especially the younger generation, it was stated that the documentary film received a total percentage of 90.59% which was in the excellent categorykeyword : Keywords: Traditional Games, “Adu Gangsing”, Documentary Film, Cyclic Strategy


2014 ◽  
Vol 1020 ◽  
pp. 215-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Fojtík ◽  
Tomáš Novotný ◽  
Iveta Skotnicova ◽  
Martin Stolárik ◽  
Naďa Zdražilová ◽  
...  

The paper deals with both the theoretical aspects and the practical experience with temporary steel bridge dynamic analysis. Since the moment people built the first bridge it became necessary to replace it in case of natural disasters like wind storms, floods, earthquakes, tsunami or wars and terrorist attacks. As a construction of a stable bridge lasts for a long time, the solution is a temporary bridge - a steel bridge structure designed especially for fast and repeated assembly and disassembly. The paper presents experimental analysis of steel bridge dynamic properties. The experimentally measured results are compared to theoretically calculated ones. Besides frequency analysis of supporting structure, the noise of the bridge during car passes is also measured and analyzed as nowadays traffic noise becomes a more and more important aspect, especially in case of temporary bridges. The bridge measurements are repeated for a clear bridge and for a bridge with anti-vibration mats attached to compare the arrangement results in decrease of traffic noise and the dynamic load of the bridge.


Author(s):  
Campbell Booth

This chapter will present an overview of the challenges presented to modern power utility companies and how many organizations are facing particularly pressing problems with regards to an ageing workforce and a general shortage of skills; a situation that is anticipated to worsen in the future. It is proposed that knowledge management (KM) and decision support (DS) may contribute to a solution to these challenges. The chapter describes the end-to-end processes associated with KM and DS in a power utility context and attempts to provide guidance on effective practices for each stage of the described processes. An overview of one particular power utility company that has embraced KM is presented, and it is proposed that the function of asset management within power utilities in particular may benefit from KM. The chapter focuses not only on KM techniques and implementation, but, equally, if not more importantly, on the various cultural and behavioural aspects that are critical to the success of any KM/DS initiative.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 5684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajinkya M. Pawar ◽  
Bhaggyashri A. Pawar ◽  
Anuj Bhardwaj ◽  
Alexander Maniangat Luke ◽  
Zvi Metzger ◽  
...  

Apical extrusion of debris (AED) by the full sequence of the self-adjusting file (SAF) system was compared with that of the XP-endo shaper plus sequence. Sixty permanent mandibular incisors were randomly assigned to two groups (n = 30) for root canal instrumentation: Group A: Stage 1—pre-SAF OS, pre-SAF 1 and pre-SAF 2 files, followed by Stage 2—1.5 mm SAF; and Group B: Stage 1— hand K-file 15/0.02, followed by Stage 2—XP-endo shaper and Stage 3—XP-endo finisher. The AED produced during instrumentation at each stage was collected in pre-weighed Eppendorf tubes. The weights of AED by the two methods were compared using t tests with significance level set at 5%. Group A produced significantly less total AED than Group B (p < 0.001), with no significant difference in debris extrusion between the two stages (p = 0.3014). Conversely, in Group B, a significant difference was noted between Stage 1 and Stages 2 and 3 (p < 0.01), with no significant difference between Stages 2 and 3 (p = 0.488). Both sequences resulted in measurable amounts of AED. Each phase, in either procedure, made its own contribution to the extrusion of debris.


SAGE Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 215824401983269
Author(s):  
April S. Fales ◽  
Yasmin S. Cypel ◽  
Marsha E. Dunn ◽  
Ann L. Truelove ◽  
Erick K. Ishii ◽  
...  

The Vietnam Era Health Retrospective Observational Study (VE-HEROeS) is a nationwide study designed to compare the health of U.S. Vietnam era veterans to age- and sex-matched U.S. residents. Two self-administered mail questionnaires, one for veterans and the other for the U.S. nonmilitary population, were developed using already validated and newly developed items. A pretest was conducted to evaluate item recall and comprehension, new-item response validity, and the overall survey experience (usability of survey materials including the screener questionnaire for nonveterans). Subject recruitment was completed using convenience sampling and a $50 incentive. Cognitive interviewing and usability interviewing, two qualitative research methods, were implemented. Interviews were conducted in two stages (Stage 1, cognitive interviewing, n = 12; Stage 2, usability testing, n = 8) by three experienced methodologists. Concurrent probing techniques, unscripted probes, and retroactive probing were used to elicit response from 14 veterans and six nonveterans (mostly male, White, and aged 65-70 years). Information about the overall survey process was also obtained through observation during usability testing. Results signify that qualitative research is an important part of questionnaire development targeting older veterans due to issues involving comprehension, interpretability, and recall.


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