Analysis and Design of High Gain NRI Superstrate Based Antenna for RF Energy Harvesting System

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 647
Author(s):  
K.K.A. Devi ◽  
C. H. Ng
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Negative Refractive Index ◽  
Effective Permittivity ◽  
Resonant Cavity ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Split Ring Resonator ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Impedance Match ◽  
Strip Line ◽  
Analysis And Design

<p>A high gain patch antenna inspired by 4 layers of negative refractive index (NRI) metamaterial superstrate is proposed to operate at downlink radio frequency (RF) band (935 MHz to 960 MHz of GSM 900). The metamaterial unit cell consists of a nested split ring resonator (SRR) and strip line laminated on other side of FR4 substrate. The effective permittivity and permeability of the proposed unit cell are designed synchronously to approach zero, which leads the NRI superstrate to have impedance match with zero and negative refractive index.The NRI superstrate is studied using Fabry-Perot (F-P) resonant cavity. The gain is improved by 82.48% at the air gap of 55 mm in the desired frequency band.Therefore, the gain of the antenna is effectively enhanced based on the negative refractive index metamaterial. The measured radiation pattern and S parameter results also showed that it has good agreement with the simulation results.</p>

Lattice density effect on the negative refractive index of a uniaxial metamaterial

2009 ◽  
Vol 1223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Amabile ◽  
Enrico Prati
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Ring Resonator ◽  
Negative Refractive Index ◽  
Microwave Frequency ◽  
Split Ring Resonator ◽  
Collective Effects ◽  
Pass Band ◽  
Lattice Period ◽  
Split Ring ◽  
Lattice Density

ABSTRACTNegative refractive index materials tuned at n = -1 are believed to realize perfect lensing of real and evanescent modes. Metamaterials are the natural candidates to realize negative refractive index by the inversion of the effective dielectric permittiviy and magnetic permeability. The effect of the density on the tuning in the proximity of n = -1 is studied in order to find viable solutions to the issue of discretization of the lattice which correspondingly produces steps in the electromagnetic parameters of metamaterials. We study the microwave frequency negative refractive index of a metamaterial as a function of the density of the lattice period. The negative refractive index is realized by means of a waveguide filled with a split ring resonator lattice, exploited below the cut off frequency of the waveguide. We discuss the pass-band behaviour and the collective effects on the negative refractive index.

scholarly journals High-gain PDMS-magnetite zero refractive index metamaterial antenna for Vehicle-to-Vehicle communications

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-120
Author(s):  
Noorlindawaty Md. Jizat ◽  
Nazihah Ahmad ◽  
Zubaida Yusoff ◽  
Mohd Faizal Jamlos
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Simulation Design ◽  
Wave Impact ◽  
Suitable Candidate ◽  
Antenna Performance ◽  
Vehicle To Vehicle ◽  
Metamaterial Antenna ◽  
V2v Communications

This paper presents the simulation design of a high-gain antenna using zero refractive index fishnet metamaterial (MTM) perforated on PDMS-Magnetite substrate for Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communications. In order to design the MTM, magnetite nanoparticles, 10-nm iron oxide (Fe3O4) are dispersed into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix. Subsequently, the unit cell is designed by removing the circular hole with radius of 3.69 mm on the PDMS-Magnetite substrate layer and arranged in 5×5 array fishnet configuration. This optimized MTM is inserted between the antenna design and pure PDMS substrate to improve the gain. The characteristic of the respective unit-cell is investigated to operate at 5.9 GHz and the effectiveness of MTM is performed by comparing the antenna performance with and without MTM. The unique characteristics of zero refractive index transform the diverging wave into plane wave for perfectly parallel wave impact on the design to improve the directivity and gain of the antenna. The proposed MTM into design improves the antenna gain to 7.36 dB without having to compromise other antenna parameters of return loss, Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR), gain, directivity, efficiency, current distribution, radiation pattern and bandwidth. These advantages has made proposed antenna as a suitable candidate for V2V in Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) application since high-gain directional antenna is required to increase the sensitivity towards signals coming from certain direction.

scholarly journals Effect of Stripline Number on Resonant Frequency of Hexagonal Split Ring Resonator Metamaterial

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Romi Fadli Syahputra ◽  
Yan Soerbakti ◽  
Riad Syech ◽  
Erman Taer ◽  
Saktioto Saktioto
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Ring Resonator ◽  
Negative Refractive Index ◽  
Split Ring Resonator ◽  
Electromagnetic Properties ◽  
Strip Line ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Split Ring ◽  
Resonant Frequency Shift

Piranti-piranti elektronik maupun optoelektronik yang efisien dan responsif saat ini tengah masif dikembangkan dalam beragam bentuk dan jenis. Meta-material merupakan rancangan optoelektronik yang unik dengan sifat elektromagnetik yang tidak ditemukan secara alami, salah satunya adalah peristiwa indeks bias negatif. Eksplorasi terhadap banyak ragam struktur metamaterial sangat penting dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik tiap struktur. Salah satu struktur metamaterial yang menarik dikaji adalah bentuk heksagonal. Penelitian ini menginvestigasi karakteristik frekuensi resonan dan distribusi medan elektromagnetik metamaterial split ring resonator heksagonal (SRR-H) yang dikombinasikan dengan stripe line (SL) berupa logam tembaga. Lebih lanjut, jumlah SL divariasikan dari 0 - 5 unit dan disimulasikan dalam medium udara dalam rentang frekuensi 1 – 7,5 GHz. Hasil simulasi menunjukan adanya pergeseran frekuensi resonan untuk tiap penambahan SL dalam rentang frekuensi 4,31 – 5,82 GHz. Sebaran medan listrik cenderung terpusat pada cincin resonator sedangkan medan magnet cenderung terdistribusi pada SL. Desain metamaterial SRR-H dengan 3 SL memberikan respon disipasi energi yang terkecil dengan medan E maksimum 2,59 kV×m-1 dan medan H maksimum 8,69 A×m-1. Desain SRR-H ini cukup potensial untuk diaplikasikan sebagai antena gelombang elektomagnetik yang efisien dan juga sebagai biosensor. Efficient and responsive electronic and optoelectronic devices are currently being massively developed in various forms and types. Metamaterial is a unique optoelectronic design with electromagnetic properties that are not found naturally, one of its properties is a negative refractive index. Exploration of different types of metamaterial structures is very important to identify the characteristics of each structure. One of the interesting metamaterial structures is a hexagonal shape. This research investigates the resonant frequency characteristics and electromagnetic field distribution of split-ring resonator (SRR-H) hexagonal-shaped metamaterial which is combined with the copper stripe line (SL). Furthermore, the number of SL is varied from 0 to 5 units and simulated in the air medium in frequency range of 1 - 7.5 GHz. The simulation results show a resonant frequency shift occurred for each SL combination in the 4.31 - 5.82 GHz frequency range. The distribution of the electric field tends to be concentrated on the resonator while the magnetic field tends to be distributed on the SL. The SRR-H metamaterial with 3 SL provides the smallest energy dissipation response with a maximum E field of 2.59 kV×m-1 and a maximum H field of 8.69 A×m-1. The SRR-H design is potential enough to be applied as an efficient electromagnetic wave antenna and also as a biosensor.Keywords: Metamaterials, SRR-H, strip line, resonant frequency, electromagnetic field

scholarly journals Multibeam Characteristics of a Negative Refractive Index Shaped Lens

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (19) ◽  
pp. 5703
Author(s):  
Salbiah Ab Hamid ◽  
Nurul Huda Abd Rahman ◽  
Yoshihide Yamada ◽  
Phan Van Hung ◽  
Dinh Nguyen Quoc
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Negative Refractive Index ◽  
Beam Width ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Mobile Base Station ◽  
Mobile Base

Narrow beam width, higher gain and multibeam characteristics are demanded in 5G technology. Array antennas that are utilized in the existing mobile base stations have many drawbacks when operating at upper 5G frequency bands. For example, due to the high frequency operation, the antenna elements become smaller and thus, in order to provide higher gain, more antenna elements and arrays are required, which will cause the feeding network design to be more complex. The lens antenna is one of the potential candidates to replace the current structure in mobile base station. Therefore, a negative refractive index shaped lens is proposed to provide high gain and narrow beamwidth using energy conservation and Abbe’s sine principle. The aim of this study is to investigate the multibeam characteristics of a negative refractive index shaped lens in mobile base station applications. In this paper, the feed positions for the multibeam are selected on the circle from the center of the lens and the accuracy of the feed position is validated through Electromagnetic (EM) simulation. Based on the analysis performed in this study, a negative refractive index shaped lens with a smaller radius and slender lens than the conventional lens is designed, with the additional capability of performing wide-angle beam scanning.

scholarly journals Modified Hexagonal Split Ring Resonator Based on an Epsilon-Negative Metamaterial for Triple-Band Satellite Communication

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 878
Author(s):  
Salah Uddin Afsar ◽  
Mohammad Rashed Iqbal Faruque ◽  
Mohammad Jakir Hossain ◽  
Mayeen Uddin Khandaker ◽  
Hamid Osman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Communication ◽  
Ring Resonator ◽  
Negative Refractive Index ◽  
Split Ring Resonator ◽  
Metal Strip ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Negative Permittivity ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Split Ring ◽  
Triple Band

A triple-band epsilon-negative (ENG) metamaterial based on a split ring resonator (SSR) with a modified hexagonal-shaped metal strip proposed in this study is a new combination of a single slit square resonator and a modified hexagonal-shaped metal strip. The desired unit cell FR-4 (lossy) that was selected as the substrate was 1.6 mm thick. Following the assessment of the unit cell, a high-frequency electromagnetic simulator like the computer simulation technology (CST) microwave studio was applied to assess the S-parameters. The proposed design exhibited resonance at 2.89, 9.42, and 15.16 GHz. The unit cell also demonstrated negative permittivity in the frequency ranges 2.912–3.728 GHz, 9.552–10.144 GHz, and 15.216–17.328 GHz, along with a negative refractive index. An effective medium ratio (EMR) of 11.53 is an indicator of the goodness of the metamaterial unit cell. It is deliberate at the lowermost resonance frequency of 2.89 GHz. Moreover, the simulated results that were validated using HFSS and equivalent circuit model indicated slight variations. The proposed design was finalised based on several parametric studies, including design optimisation, different unit cell sizes, various substrate materials, and different electromagnetic (EM) field propagations. The proposed triple band (S, X, and Ku bands) negative permittivity metamaterial unit cell can be utilised for various wireless applications, such as microwave communication, satellite communication, and long-distance radio communication.

scholarly journals A new double ш-shaped compact negative refractive index metamaterial for wideband applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 863
Author(s):  
Pujan Chandra Paul ◽  
Mohammad Jakir Hossain ◽  
Ashish Kumar Karmaker ◽  
Md. Jakirul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Negative Refractive Index ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Electromagnetic Simulation ◽  
Vertical Array ◽  
Array Structure ◽  
Compact Design

<p>This paper analyzed the new compact design and negative refractive index (NRI) metamaterial for wideband applications. The proposed metamaterial exhibits NRI and wideband characteristics of the x-axis wave propagation. It displayed the NRI property at the frequency of 1.54 GHz and wideband from 1.26 GHz to 7.08 GHz frequency (L, S, and C band). Moreover, the response of the 1×2 horizontal and 2×1 vertical array structure showed the wideband frequency in the 7.17 GHz to 13.62 GHz and 1.46 GHz to 9.53 GHz, respectively. Electromagnetic simulation software called CST has been used to design the metamaterial unit cell. The metamaterial has been displayed the multi-band characteristics such as L, S, C, X and K<sub>u</sub> bands with negative index material properties.</p>

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