Reduction in Cogging Torque and Flux per Pole in BLDC Motor by Adapting U-Clamped Magnetic Poles

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 297 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Arun Noyal Doss ◽  
S. Vijayakumar ◽  
A. Jamal Mohideen ◽  
K. Sathiah Kannan ◽  
N.D. Balaji Sairam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Torque Ripple ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Bldc Motor ◽  
Magnetic Pole ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Cogging Torque ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
Magnetic Poles

A Permanent Magnet BLDC motor is designed for reduction in cogging torque and flux per pole. The cogging torque causes direct impact in permanent magnet BLDC motor performance by causing torque ripple problems. This paper proposes a new method for reducing cogging torque by adapting to U-clamped magnetic poles. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is used to calculate the cogging torque and the flux per pole for different shapes of magnetic pole. It can be shown that the cogging torque could be greatly reduced by adapting to U-clamped magnetic poles. At the same time it is found that the flux per pole is also considerably reduced. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by comparing the cogging torque and flux per pole for various designs available in the literature.

Reduction of Cogging Torque and Torque Ripple in Exterior Rotor Type BLDC Motor for EV/HEV Battery Cooling System

2015 ◽  
Vol 763 ◽  
pp. 86-91
Author(s):  
Jae Hoon Jeong ◽  
Kyoung Chul Min ◽  
Han Wook Cho
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Torque Ripple ◽  
Bldc Motor ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Cogging Torque ◽  
Brushless Dc ◽  
3D Fea ◽  
Rotor Type

In this study, reduction of cogging torque and torque ripple for an exterior rotor type brushless dc (BLDC) motor for an automotive cooling device were proposed and a design concept for a fan motor for use in a battery pack mounted in an electric vehicle/hybrid electric vehicle (EV/HEV) was presented. Various pole/slot combinations and permanent magnet (PM) pole arc ratios were compared using finite element analysis (FEA), and the PM overhang ratio necessary to sufficiently increase the magnetic flux that enabled coil linkage was determined through 3D FEA. Based on the analysis results, an actual model was produced, experimentally verified, and used to validate the proposed design model.

scholarly journals A Study on Core Skew Considering Manufacturability of Double-Layer Spoke-Type PMSM

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 610
Author(s):  
Dong-Woo Nam ◽  
Kang-Been Lee ◽  
Hyun-Jo Pyo ◽  
Min-Jae Jeong ◽  
Seo-Hee Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Double Layer ◽  
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor ◽  
Harmonic Distortion ◽  
Torque Ripple ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Cogging Torque ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Difference

The spoke-type permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), which is a general ferrite magnetic flux-concentrated motor, has a low portion of reluctance torque at the total torque magnitude. Therefore, as a way to increase the reluctance torque, there is a double-layer spoke-type PMSM that can maximize the difference in inductance between the d-axis and the q-axis. However, in the double-layer spoke-type PMSM, cogging torque, torque ripple, and total harmonic distortion (THD) increase with reluctance torque, which is the main cause of vibration and noise. In this paper, a method is proposed that provides the same effect as skew without dividing stages of the permanent magnet by dividing the core of the rotor into two types so that it is easy to manufacture according to the number of stages, unlike extant skew methods. Based on the method, the reduction in cogging torque and THD was verified by finite element analysis (FEA).

Reduction of Cogging Torque by Adapting Bifurcated Stator Slots and Minimization Of Harmonics And Torque Ripple in Brushless DC Motor

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 781
Author(s):  
M. Arun Noyal Doss ◽  
K. Mohanraj ◽  
V. Kalyanasundaram ◽  
K. Karthik
Keyword(s):  
Control Method ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Torque Ripple ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Active Surface Area ◽  
Bldc Motor ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Cogging Torque ◽  
Brushless Dc

This paper proposes an improved methodology to minimize the cogging torque, harmonics and torque ripples in Brushless DC (BLDC) motor. The cogging torque is reduced by designing the BLDC motor with bifurcated active surface area using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The harmonics and torque ripple is minimized using PI and Fuzzy controllers. These controllers are analyzed to bring out an optimal solution. The effectiveness and flexibility of the individual techniques of proposed control method is verified through simulations [Matlab Simulink]. The experimental result is shown only for fuzzy control because fuzzy is better comparing the performance of PI controllers.

Optimal design of a surface-mounted permanent magnet motor with multi-grade ferrite magnets to reduce torque pulsations

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 79-89
Author(s):  
Yan Liu ◽  
Wenliang Zhao ◽  
Xue Fan ◽  
Xiuhe Wang ◽  
Byung-il Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Torque Ripple ◽  
Kriging Method ◽  
Permanent Magnet Motor ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Cogging Torque ◽  
The Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Torque Pulsations ◽  
Flux Density Distribution

This paper proposes an optimal design for a surface-mounted permanent magnet motor (SPMM) to reduce torque pulsations, including cogging torque and torque ripple, by using multi-grade ferrite magnets. Based on a conventional SPMM with single-grade ferrite magnets, the proposed SPMM is designed with four-grade ferrite magnets and then optimized to minimize torque pulsations by maintaining the required torque, utilizing the Kriging method and a genetic algorithm. The results obtained by the finite element analysis show that the optimized SPMM with multi-grade ferrite magnets exhibits improved airgap flux density distribution with highly reduced cogging torque and torque ripple by maintaining the same average torque, as compared to the conventional SPMM. Furthermore, the analysis of the working points for the multi-grade ferrite magnets reveals that the optimized SPMM has good durability against the irreversible demagnetization.

Cogging Torque Reduction by Means of Pole Segmentation Optimization on the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo E. Santos ◽  
Khristian M. de Andrade Jr. ◽  
Wellington M. Vilela ◽  
Geyverson T. de Paula
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Flux Density ◽  
Torque Ripple ◽  
Air Gap ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Machine Construction ◽  
Permanent Magnet Machines ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Cogging Torque ◽  
Main Component

One of the main obstacles during the design of permanent magnet machines consists in reducing the developed torque ripple characteristic of this type of machine. The main component of such ripples is a parasitic torque, called cogging torque. A technique present in the literature to reduce this parasitic torque considers the segmentation of the poles. This allows a decrease in the cogging torque, however reducing the air gap flux density too and thus the torque mean. Thus, in order to keep the torque mean reduction in reasonable levels, optimization techniques can be employed with the pole segmentation. The variables to be optimized are the number, distance and width of the segments. The present article proposes two methods to optimize these variables in order to minimize the cogging torque, but also maintain a satisfactory flux density value. Some constraints are added to account for the machine construction feasibility. The proposed methods were validated through a nite element analysis. The results proved the effectiveness of the proposed methods, with a reduction by up to 76% in the cogging torque and keeping, in the best case, about 95% of the reference machine air gap flux density and 78% in the worst one.

scholarly journals The Design and Optimization of an Interior, Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine Applied in an Electric Traction Vehicle Requiring a Low Torque Ripple

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (17) ◽  
pp. 3634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gan Zhang ◽  
Wenfei Yu ◽  
Wei Hua ◽  
Ruiwu Cao ◽  
Hongbo Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Torque Ripple ◽  
Synchronous Machine ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Magnetic Flux Density ◽  
Iron Core ◽  
Sensitivity Factor ◽  
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Cogging Torque

An internal permanent magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM) was designed for heavy-load traction vehicles applied in port transportation. Based on finite element analysis (FEA), the rotor iron core topology was optimized with the most attention paid to cogging torque and torque ripple. The influences of the iron core on the air-gap magnetic flux density, the back electro-motive-force harmonic, the cogging torque and the torque ripple were investigated. The design scheme of minimizing cogging torque and output torque ripple was obtained. Focused on the relationship between the rotor parameters and the torque ripple, the relative sensitivity factor was proposed and analyzed. Finally, the torque ripple was reduced from 14.4% to 3.84%, after further optimization of the rotor design parameters. The reliability and stability of the IPMSM were also covered. Additionally, the experimental study of the prototype was carried out to verify the FEA results.

Performance analysis of magnetic gear with Halbach array for high power and high speed

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 959-967
Author(s):  
Se-Yeong Kim ◽  
Tae-Woo Lee ◽  
Yon-Do Chun ◽  
Do-Kwan Hong
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Eddy Current ◽  
High Power ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Torque Ripple ◽  
Eddy Current Loss ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Current Loss ◽  
Halbach Array ◽  
Magnetic Gear

In this study, we propose a non-contact 80 kW, 60,000 rpm coaxial magnetic gear (CMG) model for high speed and high power applications. Two models with the same power but different radial and axial sizes were optimized using response surface methodology. Both models employed a Halbach array to increase torque. Also, an edge fillet was applied to the radial magnetized permanent magnet to reduce torque ripple, and an axial gap was applied to the permanent magnet with a radial gap to reduce eddy current loss. The models were analyzed using 2-D and 3-D finite element analysis. The torque, torque ripple and eddy current loss were compared in both models according to the materials used, including Sm2Co17, NdFeBs (N42SH, N48SH). Also, the structural stability of the pole piece structure was investigated by forced vibration analysis. Critical speed results from rotordynamics analysis are also presented.

scholarly journals Design and Analysis of a Dual Airgap Radial Flux Permanent Magnet Vernier Machine with Yokeless Rotor

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2311
Author(s):  
Mudassir Raza Siddiqi ◽  
Tanveer Yazdan ◽  
Jun-Hyuk Im ◽  
Muhammad Humza ◽  
Jin Hur
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Flux Linkage ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Cogging Torque ◽  
Torque Density ◽  
Stator Windings ◽  
Radial Flux ◽  
Torque Ripples

This paper presents a novel topology of dual airgap radial flux permanent magnet vernier machine (PMVM) in order to obtain a higher torque per magnet volume and similar average torque compared to a conventional PMVM machine. The proposed machine contains two stators and a sandwiched yokeless rotor. The yokeless rotor helps to reduce the magnet volume by providing an effective flux linkage in the stator windings. This effective flux linkage improved the average torque of the proposed machine. The competitiveness of the proposed vernier machine was validated using 2D finite element analysis under the same machine volume as that of conventional vernier machine. Moreover, cogging torque, torque ripples, torque density, losses, and efficiency performances also favored the proposed topology.

scholarly journals Design and Analysis of a Novel Axial-Radial Flux Permanent Magnet Machine with Halbach-Array Permanent Magnets

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3639
Author(s):  
Rundong Huang ◽  
Chunhua Liu ◽  
Zaixin Song ◽  
Hang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Torque Ripple ◽  
Axial Flux ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Torque Density ◽  
Axial Forces ◽  
Halbach Array ◽  
Radial Flux ◽  
High Torque

Electric machines with high torque density are needed in many applications, such as electric vehicles, electric robotics, electric ships, electric aircraft, etc. and they can avoid planetary gears thus reducing manufacturing costs. This paper presents a novel axial-radial flux permanent magnet (ARFPM) machine with high torque density. The proposed ARFPM machine integrates both axial-flux and radial-flux machine topologies in a compact space, which effectively improves the copper utilization of the machine. First, the radial rotor can balance the large axial forces on axial rotors and prevent them from deforming due to the forces. On the other hand, the machine adopts Halbach-array permanent magnets (PMs) on the rotors to suppress air-gap flux density harmonics. Also, the Halbach-array PMs can reduce the total attracted force on axial rotors. The operational principle of the ARFPM machine was investigated and analyzed. Then, 3D finite-element analysis (FEA) was conducted to show the merits of the ARFPM machine. Demonstration results with different parameters are compared to obtain an optimal structure. These indicated that the proposed ARFPM machine with Halbach-array PMs can achieve a more sinusoidal back electromotive force (EMF). In addition, a comparative analysis was conducted for the proposed ARFPM machine. The machine was compared with a conventional axial-flux permanent magnet (AFPM) machine and a radial-flux permanent magnet (RFPM) machine based on the same dimensions. This showed that the proposed ARFPM machine had the highest torque density and relatively small torque ripple.

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