scholarly journals Гістологічна та морфометрична характеристики великих слинних залоз в щурів у нормі

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
В. В Магльона
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Quantitative Characteristic ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Parotid Glands ◽  
Connective Tissue Layer ◽  
Submandibular Glands ◽  
Submandibular Salivary Glands ◽  
Histological Data ◽  
Better Than

ГІСТОЛОГІЧНА ТА МОРФОМЕТРИЧНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ВЕЛИКИХ СЛИННИХ ЗАЛОЗ В ЩУРІВ У НОРМІ - Метою дослідження було встановити особливості гістологічної будови і морфометричну характеристику структур великих слинних залоз в щурів у нормі. Особливістю привушних залоз є, зокрема, те, що вони збудовані переважно з білкових ацинусів, разом з тим, як у нижньощелепних залозах ацинуси мають змішаний білково-слизовий тип і продукують як білковий, так і слизовий секрет. Ще однією із відмінностей слинних залоз щурів різної локалізації є те, що у нижньощелепних залозах значно краще, ніж у привушних, виражені сполучнотканинні прошарки між частками і сполучнотканинні муфти навкола проток і судин. Отримані гістологічні дані й морфометричні показники можуть складати основу для порівняння при експериментальному моделюванні різноманітних патологічних процесів та кількісної характеристики патоморфологічнихзмін, що виникають при цьому.<br />ГИСТОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ И МОРФОМЕТРИЧЕСКАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ БОЛЬШИХ СЛЮННЫХ ЖЕЛЕЗ У КРЫС В НОРМЕ - Целью исследования было установление особенностей гистологического строения и морфометрическая характеристика структур больших слюнных желез у крыс в норме. Особенностью околоушных желез является, в частности, то, что они построены в основном из белковых ацинусов, в то время, как в нижнечелюстных железах ацинусы имеют смешанный белково-слизистый тип и продуцируют как белковый, так и слизистый секрет. Еще одной из отличительных особенностей слюнных желез крыс различной локализации является то, что в нижнечелюстных железах значительно лучше, чем в околоушных выражены соединительнотканные прослойки между дольками и соединительнотканные муфты вокруг протоков и сосудов. Полученные гистологические данные и морфометрические показатели могут составлять основу для сравнения при экспериментальном моделировании различных патологических процессов и количественной характеристики патоморфологических изменений, возникающих при этом.<br />HISTOLOGICAL AND MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MAJOR SALIVARY GLANDS OF RATS IN NORM - The aim of the study was to establish the features of histological structure and morphometric characteristics of rats large salivary glands structures in norm. Particulary the feature of parotid glands is that they are constructed mainly of protein acini, while the acini of submandibular glands are mixed - mucous and protein type which produce both protein and mucous secretion. Another distinctive feature of different localization rats salivary glands is that connective tissue layer between the lobules and connective couplings around the ducts and blood vessels in the submandibular glands are expressed better than in the parotid. Finded histological data and morphometric parameters can form the basis for comparison with experimental modeling of various pathological processes and quantitative characteristic of the pathological changes that occur at that time.<br />Ключові слова: привушна, нижньощелепна слинна залоза, структура, морфометрія.<br />Ключевые слова: околоушная, нижнечелюстная слюнная железа, структура, морфометрия.<br />Key words: parotid, submandibular salivary glands, structure, morphometry.

scholarly journals IS THERE AN EARLY ULTRASONOGRAPHIC PATTERN IN SALIVARY GLANDS IN BOTH PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SJÖGREN SYNDROME?

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
Vasilia Iorgoveanu ◽  
◽  
Violeta Bojinca ◽  
Madalina Gheorghe ◽  
Diana Mazilu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Sjögren Syndrome ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Sjogren Syndrome ◽  
Parotid Glands ◽  
Submandibular Glands ◽  
Left And Right

Background. Sjögren syndrome (SS) is a systemic chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by lymphocytic infiltrates in exocrine organs. Ultrasonography (US) demonstrates specificity and sensibility in major salivary glands (SG) evaluation. Recent data confirm US might be used as primary evaluation technique for its ability to show structural alterations of parenchyma (1). Objective. To assess the gray scale (GS) parenchymal inhomogeneity of major SG in patients with established primary and secondary SS and correlate with clinical and biological data. Methods. Consecutive patients with SS were recruited and SG US was performed. Inhomogeneity of glandular parenchyma was quantified binary on each gland. ESSDAI and ESSPRI scores were calculated. Statistics was performed with SPSS. Results. Twenty one (42.85% primary SS, 90.47% female) consecutive patients were included. Mean age was 53.66+/-12.99 years and disease duration 5.33+/-3.74 years. Antibody SSA/SSB presence was found in 85.7% (18/21). ESSDAI mean was 8.67+/-8.9 (0-29), ESSPRI 10.13+/-5.59(0-20). There were no differences regarding ESSDAI and ESSPRI in the two groups (primary and secondary SS). Right parotid gland showed alterations in 71.4% patients (77% with primary SS, 66% with secondary SS). Frequently inhomogeneity was found in all major SG (33%, 22% left and right submandibular, 77%, 44.4% left and right parotid glands) in primary SS. Both submandibular glands were symmetrically involved (p<0.02). Duration of disease was negatively correlated to inhomogeneity of right parotid gland (p<0.02). Conclusion. Inhomogeneity in major SG in GS US was found in the majority of patients with primary and secondary SS. The symmetrical involvement of submandibular glands was significant. The inhomogeneity appears in the early period of diagnosis. No major differences were found between two groups.

scholarly journals CD4/CD8 Antibodies Reduce Histopathological Damage in Salivary Glands of Spontaneously Diabetic Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-157
Author(s):  
Raphael Oliveira Ramos Franco Netto ◽  
Eliézer Guimarães Moura ◽  
Luan Oenning Col ◽  
Magda Jaciara Barros ◽  
Juliana de Almeida Rodrigues Franco Netto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Nod Mice ◽  
Insulin Receptors ◽  
Nonparametric Test ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Parotid Glands ◽  
Submandibular Glands ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Abstract Background and aims: Diabetes affects the metabolism promoting damage in different tissues, including salivary glands. Current treatments, such as insulin, are ineffective to recovery of these tissues. In this aspect, the immunotherapy has been tested, but it can be inefficient as an agent for the control of damage caused by diabetes. The aim of this study to evaluate the association in anti-CD4 and anti-CD8 monoclonal antibody in the recovery of salivary glands of diabetic NOD mice. Material and methods: Fifteen spontaneously diabetic mice (NOD) were divided into three groups with 5 animals each: group I (Balb/C control mice), group II (untreated NOD mice), group III (NOD mice treated with CD4 and CD8 antibodies). The CD4 and CD8 antibodies (IMUNY, Rheabiotech Ltda, Brazil) were administered by intravenously injections (25 ug/days: 0, 7, 14, and 21). After treatment salivary glands samples were analyzed by immunofluorescence, microscopy, light microscopy and stereology. (ethical approval process: 304/11), Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test were used. Results: Elevated levels of glucose (mg/dl) were observed in untreated animals (group II) (605.25 ± 31.23, p≤0.05), whereas in treated animals (group III), were noted a decrease in these levels (464.77 ± 39.66, p≤0.05). Tissue restructure, characterized by cell volume recovery, also was observed in group III (nuclear volume of parotid glands: (109.91 ± 02.03, p≤0.05) and submandibular glands: (107.52 ± 02, p≤0.05) (cytoplasmic volume of parotid glands: (356.14 ± 26.34, p≤0.05) and submandibular glands: (331.22 ± 32.11, p≤0.05). Intense signaling (+++) of insulin receptors was observed in animals of group I. On the other hand, in group II was noted a reduction of these receptors (+). In treated animals (group III) were observed a recovery of the insulin receptors (+++). Conclusions: This treatment was effective in the recovery of salivary acinar cells, contributed also to homeostasis of body metabolism. Thus, this immunomodulation promoted a beneficial effect on the recovery of these tissues.

Increase in weight of the submandibular salivary glands of rats following periodic amputation of the erupted portion of the incisor teeth

1959 ◽  
Vol 196 (4) ◽  
pp. 827-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Wells ◽  
S. Jerome Zackin ◽  
Paul Gold-Haber ◽  
Paul L. Munson
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Chronic Treatment ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Submandibular Glands ◽  
Submandibular Salivary Glands ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Lower Incisors

Periodic amputation of the erupted portion of the lower incisors of albino rats resulted in a marked increase in the wet and dry weight of the submandibular salivary glands as early as 7 days after the first amputation. Enlargement of both serous and mucous acini was observed, but no effect on the cells of the tubules could be detected. Amputation of the upper incisors alone did not result in enlargement of the submandibular glands. Hypophysectomy decreased the extent of the response to amputation of the lower incisors but did not abolish it. Chronic treatment with cortisone had no significant effect on the weight of the glands. A reflex neurologic explanation was offered as a tentative basis for understanding the phenomenon and as a starting point for further investigation.

scholarly journals Strain-specific differences in the proline-rich proteins and glycoproteins induced in rat salivary glands by chronic isoprenaline treatment

1985 ◽  
Vol 230 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
M G Humphreys-Beher
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Apparent Difference ◽  
Marker Enzyme ◽  
Parotid Glands ◽  
Amino Acid Compositions ◽  
Submandibular Glands

Parotid and submandibular glands were isolated from five strains of rat after chronic injection of the β-adrenergic receptor agonist isoprenaline (isoproterenol). The glands were observed to have undergone a marked increase in wet weight, owing to hypertrophy and hyperplasia. The 100 000 g soluble fraction of gland cell lysates were extracted with 10% (w/v) trichloroacetic acid, and the soluble material subsequently analysed by SDS (sodium dodecyl sulphate)/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. By this procedure, evidence was obtained for the induction, in isoprenaline-treated parotid and submandibular glands, of proline-rich proteins with apparent Mr values ranging from 20 000 to 40 000. Heterogeneity was evident in the proteins produced for a specific gland between the rat strains, although the amino acid compositions were the same. Products from induced mRNAs translated in vitro had similar mobilities in SDS/polyacrylamide gels, despite the apparent difference in mobility of trichloracetic acid-extracted proline-rich proteins from the various strains. Strain-specific differences were noted for the proline-rich glycoproteins from control salivary glands as well as those induced as a consequence of isoprenaline treatment. Although the glycoproteins had similar amino acid compositions, there was considerable heterogeneity in the carbohydrate compositions for these proteins, suggesting that the differences were the result of post-translational modifications during glycosylation. Induction of the increased activity of the Golgi membrane marker enzyme UDP-galactose:2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucosamine 4 β-galactosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.22) occurred to the same extent in the parotid glands of all strains examined. There was no change in the specific activity of a second enzyme, UDP-galactose:N-acetylgalactosaminyl-protein 3 β-galactosyltransferase (no EC designation).

scholarly journals STRUCTURAL REORGANIZATION OF THE RATS’ SUBMANDIBULAR GLANDS ACINI AFTER THE INFLUENCE OF 1% METHACRYLATE

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 1318-1322
Author(s):  
Galyna А. Yeroshenko Yeroshenko ◽  
Larysa Ya. Fedoniuk ◽  
Konstantyn V. Shevchenko ◽  
Denys R. Kramarenko ◽  
Аnastasiia І. Yachmin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Normal Condition ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Submandibular Glands ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Submandibular Salivary Glands

Introduction: Polymeric substances, which are used in medicine, can lead to the development of pathological conditions. Therefore, in toxicological evaluation of polymeric materials for medical purposes the primary task is the creation of the appropriate adequate methods of study. The aim: To study the acini of the rats’ submandibular salivary glands in normal condition and after exposure of 1% methacrylate. Material and methods: Were studied 50 white rats during the influence of 1% methacrylate on the mucosa of the oral cavity. Histological sections of the rats’ submandibular salivary glands in normal condition, on day 14 and 30 of experiment were studied using the UMPT – 7 ultramicrotome of Sumy PA “Selmi”. Results and conclusions: The morphometric study has established that in control group the values of the outer diameter of the submandibular glands’ acini, the diameter of the lumen and the height of the acini epithelial cells was 36,27±2,17 μm, 9,47±0,63 μm and 14,18±1,05 μm, respectively. Histological specimens showed that the acini cells had a prominent basophilia of the cytoplasm and the basally located nucleus. Numerous large homogeneous granules were located in the apical pole of the cells. After influence of the 1% methacrylat there is an increase in the activity of secretory cells, which is confirmed by an increase in the height of epitheliocytes by 25.04% and is a compensatory metacrylate reaction. The increase in salivation further leads to complete depletion of the secretory apparatus of the seromucosal cells, which is confirmed by a decrease in the outer and inner diameters with a decrease in the height of the mandibular salivary glands acini cells by 24.40%.

Salispheres from Different Major Salivary Glands for Glandular Regeneration

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (7) ◽  
pp. 786-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.W. Lee ◽  
Y.C. Hsiao ◽  
Y.C. Chen ◽  
T.H. Young ◽  
T.L. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Parotid Glands ◽  
Submandibular Glands ◽  
Saliva Secretion ◽  
Clinical Challenge ◽  
In Vivo Effects

Dysfunctional salivary glands (SGs) are a clinical challenge due to the lack of effective treatments. Cell therapy with stem/progenitor cells may improve this situation by providing promising therapeutic solutions. Therefore, exploring abundant cellular sources is important. Three major pairs of SGs are located in different anatomic regions: the parotid glands, the submandibular glands, and the sublingual glands. Although SG stem/progenitor cells can be isolated and cultivated from all major SGs as salispheres, the differences among SG origins remain unclear. In this study, salispheres were successfully isolated from all major SGs. The salispheres demonstrated unique cellular features that originated from their native tissues. The characteristic expression profiles and cellular features of SG stem cells were demonstrated in all salispheres. When they were transplanted into irradiated animals, the salispheres were all capable of improving the saliva secretion that was disrupted by irradiation. Typical histologic structures could be observed in most parts of the treated glands, and the fibrotic environments of irradiated submandibular glands were remodeled by all salispheres regardless of origins. This study characterized the cellular features and in vivo effects of salispheres that were derived from different anatomic origins. The results suggest the possibility of functional redundancy among distinct pairs of major SGs, which is useful for the design of cell therapy to treat dysfunctional glandular organs.

scholarly journals Correlations Between Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography Parameters of Salivary Glands and Dry Eye Tests in Patients With Sjögren's Syndrome

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyu Huang ◽  
Lingjuan Xu ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Weikun Hu ◽  
Xinyu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Parotid Glands ◽  
Submandibular Glands ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Single Photon Emission Computed ◽  
Photon Emission Computed Tomography

ObjectiveTo evaluate the correlations between Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) parameters of salivary glands and dry eye parameters in patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SS).MethodsA total of 28 patients with SS participated in this prospective study. Dry eye assessments include tear film break-up time (TBUT), corneal fluorescein staining scoring (CFS), Schirmer's I test (SIT) examination and SPECT of salivary gland. The following quantitative parameters were derived from SPECT imaging for salivary glands: Uptake index (UI), the time needed to achieve the minimum counts after Vit C stimulation (Ts), and excretion fraction (EF). The relation between the aforementioned parameters and TBUT, CFS and SIT were analyzed with SPSS 22.0 software.ResultsAll the 28 eyes of the 28 subjects were examined. The mean SIT was 6.04 ± 4.64 mm/5 min (0–18 mm/5 min); the mean CFS was 3.07 ± 2.65 (0–10) and the mean BUT was 2.11 ± 1.97 s (0–9 s). The mean EF value was 0.52 ± 0.12 (0.26–0.75) in parotid glands and 0.45 ± 0.10 (0.30–0.67) in submandibular glands, respectively. The mean UI value was 9.33 ± 1.68 (6.03–13.20) in parotid glands and 9.92 ± 1.48 (7.08–12.60) in submandibular glands, respectively. The mean Ts (min) was 5.32 ± 3.01 (2.00–12.00) in parotid glands and 11.09 ± 7.40 (2.00- 29.00 min) in submandibular glands, respectively. It was found that EF positively correlates with SIT in patients with SS (r = 0.499 and 0.426 in parotid glands and submandibular glands, with P &lt; 0.05), while no significant correlation was found between the UI, Ts and CFS, TBUT (P &gt; 0.05).ConclusionsThe EF was positively correlated with SIT in patients with SS, it could reflex the dysfunction of salivary glands in SS patients. So, EF may be a valuable parameter for the diagnosis of SS patients with lacrimal gland secretion dysfunction.

scholarly journals RESIDUAL PHENOMENA OF THE TRANSFERRED COVID-19 IN THE MAXILLOFACIAL REGION OR ITS COMPLICATIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 64-67
Author(s):  
O.V. Rybalov ◽  
M.G. Skikevych ◽  
O.Yu. Andriyanova ◽  
P.I. Yatsenko
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Secretory Process ◽  
Sharp Change ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Parotid Glands ◽  
Submandibular Salivary Glands ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
The Brain

Today, the issues of the incidence of the Covid-19 virus and its complications are extremely relevant. Much attention in the scientific literature is paid to possible complications such as sufferings of the lungs, heart. Along with this, it became known that the coronavirus can affect the brain, nasopharynx, eyes, blood vessels, liver, kidneys and intestines. Interesting data from clinicians and morphologists has been received. Those who have had Covid-19 note the long-term effects of scarring of the lung tissue and kidney failure, inflammation of the heart muscle, arrhythmias, liver damage, cognitive impairment, psychosis, accompanied by a sharp change in mood. Interesting observations from the Department of Systems Biology at George Mason University were seen: 70% of patients who have had Covid-19 rarely observe pathology of internal organs. The purpose of our work was to highlight the complications from the large salivary glands in the patients who suffered from Covid-19. Objects and research methods. Our observations were carried out at the Poltava Center for Salivary Gland Pathology. There were only 17 patients. Three or four weeks ago, they reliably suffered from the disease. The function of the parotid salivary glands was studied using metal catheters, which were introduced into the mouth of the gland ducts for 10 minutes. The cellular composition of the secretion of the parotid glands was investigated according to the method generally accepted in cytology. 8 patients underwent ultrasound examination of salivary glands. Results. The antiviral and symptomatic treatment given to the patients eliminated the leading symptoms of the disease. At the time of completion of treatment, general somatic symptoms were eliminated and they were discharged healthy. 3 patients complained of dryness in the mouth, especially at night and in the morning. 4 patients complained of dry mouth, burning sensation in the eye area. In 5 patients, along with dryness in the mouth and nose, there was a complete lack of sense food taste. 5 patients complained of disorders of appearance. The parotid-masticatory areas were enlarged, we could observe dryness of the mucous membranes of the mouth and eyes. All patients had short-term or long-term headaches. Before the viral disease, none of the patients and their relatives had diseases of the salivary glands. Physical examination in 8 patients did not reveal any facial asymmetry. Palpation revealed slightly enlarged parotid salivary glands, slightly compacted, and slightly painful. The submandibular salivary glands were of normal consistency and were painless. These patients had a moderate amount of oral fluid in the mouth. Saliva of normal viscosity was released from the ducts of the parotid and submandibular glands. With sialometry of the parotid glands, there was a slight drop in secretion to 1.5 + 0.3 ml. Cytological examination of the secretion of the parotid glands determined a small number of cells of the columnar epithelium. Some of these cells had a tendency to necrosis; single squamous epithelial cells were found in the preparation. Conclusions. We evaluated the results of clinical examination data of 17 patients who had a viral Covid-19 infection and they were examined by us. In 3 - 4 weeks after recovery, there were complaints: dryness of the mucous membranes of the mouth, nose, conjunctiva of the eyes, loss food taste, enlargement of the parotid and submandibular salivary glands. It is possible to reliably state that patients have clinical phenomena of sialopathy. The results of additional studies of the secretion of the parotid glands, data of the cytology of their secretion and ultrasound examination confirm the secretory process in the glands of various degrees. The presence of elements of an inflammatory nature in the secret clearly defines the sialectatic process. The presence of headaches in the examined patients determines their probable vascular disorders in the components of the brain. Such changes can indirectly affect the vascular complex of the salivary glands and be the cause of the development of duct contractures and leads to sialadenosis. Perspectives. In order to examine this category of patients, the study of the features of blood circulation in the vessels of the brain and salivary glands should be considered to clarify the pathogenesis of sialadenosis.

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