scholarly journals High prevalence of anomalies in Nyctimantis brunoi (Anura: Hylidae) from a restinga protected area in southeastern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-179
Author(s):  
Luiz Fernando Carmo ◽  
Suellen de Oliveira Guimarães ◽  
Ingrid Ribeiro Miguel ◽  
Pedro H. Pinna ◽  
Daniel Silva Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Area ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
The State ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
External Examination ◽  
Skeletal Anomalies ◽  
Species Inventory ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Northern Portion

In the present study we monitored a population of Nyctimantis brunoi, a species commonly found in restingas of southeastern Brazil. Field activities were carried out in the Parque Nacional da Restinga de Jurubatiba (PNRJ), a protected area located in the northern portion of the state of Rio de Janeiro. Specimens were sampled through a complete species inventory. We analyzed 218 individuals, 32 (14.7%) of which have anomalies. Additionally, a subsample of 15 specimens were radiographed to verify the occurrence of skeletal anomalies not externally detectable and to verify if the classification of anomalies attributed by means of external examination are detectable in the osteological structure of the specimen. There are 12 types of anomalies recognized in this population, three of them only detectable through internal investigation (radiography). We verified that most of anomalies externally detectable were correctly classified when compared to the osteological morphology of the radiographed specimens. Thus, in this investigation, the study of external malformations was capable to detect 60% of the types of anomalies. We conclude that further ecotoxicological and epidemiological studies of the population of N. brunoi in the PNRJ are necessary to establish the origins of anomalies in this species.

New species of flea-toad, genus Brachycephalus (Anura: Brachycephalidae) from the Atlantic Forest of Espírito Santo, Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5068 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-532
Author(s):  
DIEGO ALMEIDA-SILVA ◽  
THIAGO SILVA-SOARES ◽  
MIGUEL TREFAUT RODRIGUES ◽  
VANESSA KRUTH VERDADE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
The State ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
The Third ◽  
Skin Smooth ◽  
Espirito Santo ◽  
A New Species

We describe a new species of dull-colored flea-toad, genus Brachycephalus, from the Atlantic Forest of Caparaó mountains in southeastern Brazil. The new species is characterized by its diminutive size, “leptodactyliform” body, brownish color with an inverted V-shaped dark mark on dorsum, skin smooth, hyperossification and dorsal shield absent, linea masculinea absent, Fingers I and IV vestigial, Toe I externally absent, Toe II reduced but functional, Toes III and IV with pointed tips, Toe V vestigial, and ventral color uniformly brown. It is a leaf litter dweller, known only from type locality in the humid forests on the eastern slopes of Parque Nacional do Caparaó mountains, a protected area in the states of Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil. It is the third flea-toad occurring in the state of Espírito Santo recovered as sister to all other Brachycephalus distributed from the state of São Paulo northward in the Atlantic Forest.  

scholarly journals Composing a vegetation-stand map for the protected area of 'Radan' Nature Park

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 13-36
Author(s):  
Dragana Ostojić ◽  
Biljana Krsteski ◽  
Zoran Stojković ◽  
Ana Petković ◽  
Bogosav Stojiljković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
The State ◽  
Habitat Mapping ◽  
Forest Habitat ◽  
Nature Park ◽  
Vegetation Stand ◽  
Forest Habitats

Protected areas are one of the priorities for mapping habitats, especially forest habitats, which are dominant in most protected areas of central Serbia, such as "Radan" Nature Park. This paper presents the forest habitat mapping in the protected area of "Radan" NP and the development of vegetation-stand map of the protected area in an effort to examine the methodology of forest habitats mapping in Serbia, which presumes a long term systematic data collection. Although much has been done on the classification of habitats in Serbia, considering both botanical and the forestry approach, the practical application of this knowledge in habitat mapping is still in its infancy, with the exception of longstanding practical work on data collection for Forest Management Plans for the state-owned forests. Data on forest stands in Nature Park "Radan" collected in this manner were essential to developing the vegetation-stand map of "Radan" NP. The results of data processing and harmonization of typology and classification of state-owned forests have been presented in this paper, as well as the analysis of forest habitat types in this protected area. The paper presents the vegetation-stand maps of the state-owned forests in the protected area and of the pilot area of privately owned forests, for which detailed field data collection was necessary. These maps are intended for the management of protected areas and systematic and efficient implementation of protection measures and activities. Habitat mapping in protected areas is a prerequisite for an adequate biodiversity monitoring, as well as for management and sustainable use of natural resources of the protected area.

A new species of Mydrosoma Smith with a key to Brazilian species of the genus and a discussion on the classification of the Dissoglottini (Hymenoptera: Colletidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2105 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
FERNANDO A. SILVEIRA ◽  
RODERIC B. MARTINES
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Anterior Margin ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
The State ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Predominantly Black ◽  
Transverse Band ◽  
A New Species

Mydrosoma sabarensis sp. n. is described from the Atlantic Forest Domain of southeastern Brazil. Two females and one male were collected on flowers of Serjania sp. (Sapindaceae) in the state of Minas Gerais. An additional female is from Domingos Martins, Espírito Santo state. The female M. sabarensis is about 12 mm long, robust, with predominantly black pubescence but with a wide transverse band of white hairs on the anterior margin of the mesoscutum and yellow lateral bands on T2–T4. The male, about 11 mm long, has pale-fulvous pilosity on the mesosoma and marginal bands on T1–T4, with terga blackish pubescent basally. A key to the five species of Mydrosoma known to occur in Brazil is presented and the classification of the Dissoglottini is discussed. Aspects of foraging and of possible mimicry are also discussed.

scholarly journals Ichthyofauna diversity in a protected area in the state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil

2006 ◽  
Vol 66 (1a) ◽  
pp. 75-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Gomiero ◽  
F. M. S. Braga
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Fish Diversity ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
São Paulo

The study site is located in an environmentally protected area known as an "APA" in São Pedro and Analândia, State of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil, whose watercourses are under strong anthropogenic pressure. Two basins were studied (sub-basin of the Corumbataí River and basin of the Jacaré-pepira River) with the purpose of characterizing the ichthyofauna of various streams, comparing fish diversity among assemblages. The Passa-cinco River showed the highest diversity (H'), and the Jaccard and Morisita-Horn indices showed low similarity among sites and between the basins. Diversity was correlated with the number of available habitats and with the environmental conditions.

Congenital toxoplasmosis in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil: a neglected infectious disease?

2013 ◽  
Vol 142 (3) ◽  
pp. 644-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. V. M. CARELLOS ◽  
W. T. CAIAFFA ◽  
G. M. Q. ANDRADE ◽  
M. N. S. ABREU ◽  
J. N. JANUÁRIO
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Study ◽  
Congenital Toxoplasmosis ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Multivariate Model ◽  
The State ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Socioeconomic Indicators ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Socioeconomic Profile

SUMMARYThis study aimed to investigate the distribution of congenital toxoplasmosis in the state of Minas Gerais, Southeastern Brazil and describe the demographic and socioeconomic profile of the municipalities associated with the disease. An ecological study was conducted using socioeconomic indicators of a database (MGSSRI) created by Fundação João Pinheiro (a government technical support agency of Minas Gerais), in order to show the development of the municipalities in the state. The prevalence of toxoplasmosis was the outcome and the items of the MGSSRI were the explanatory variables. Of 146 307 newborns screened (November 2006 to May 2007), 190 had congenital toxoplasmosis, yielding a prevalence of 1·3/1000, ranging from 0 to 76·9/1000 in the municipalities. The multivariate model indicated a higher occurrence of toxoplasmosis in municipalities with smaller populations and worse indexes of tax performance. Congenital toxoplasmosis appears to be a neglected disease in the state of Minas Gerais, given the high prevalence found and its concentration in municipalities with worse socioeconomic indexes.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF Entamoeba histolytica/Entamoeba dispar IN THE CITY OF CAMPINA GRANDE, IN NORTHEASTERN BRAZIL

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 451-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Teresa Nascimento Silva ◽  
José Valfrido Santana ◽  
Gérson Bragagnoli ◽  
Alexandre Magno da Nóbrega Marinho ◽  
Elizabeth Malagueño
Keyword(s):  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
The State ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Entamoeba Dispar ◽  
Asymptomatic Children ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Sanitary Conditions

There is a clear need to perform epidemiological studies to find the true prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica around the world. The evaluation of this prevalence has been hindered by the existence of two different species which are morphologically identical, but genetically different, namely E. histolytica, which causes amebiasis, and E. dispar, which is non-pathogenic. In Brazil, the E. dispar has been detected in communities in the Southeastern (SE) and Northeastern (NE) regions with poor sanitation. However, individuals infected with E. histolytica have been identified in other regions. There is an absence of reports on the prevalence of these parasites in the state of Paraíba, which also has areas with poor sanitary conditions where a high prevalence of the E. histolytica/E. dispar complex has been detected in children from urban slums. The present study evaluated the prevalence of E. histolytica and E. dispar in 1,195 asymptomatic children between two and 10 years of age, living in a sprawling urban slum in Campina Grande, in the state of Paraíba, in Northeastern Brazil. These children were examined and their feces samples were analyzed microscopically. A total of 553 children tested positive for the E. histolytica/E. dispar complex, and 456 of the positive samples were tested with the E. histolytica II® ELISA kit. All 456 samples were negative for the presence of the adhesin E. histolytica specific antigen. The evidence suggests that in this community E. histolytica is absent and E. dispar is the dominant species.

scholarly journals Feeding habits of the ichthyofauna in a protected area in the State of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Muller Gomiero ◽  
Francisco Manoel de Souza Braga
Keyword(s):  
Protected Area ◽  
Fish Community ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Trophic Relationships ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Human Pressure ◽  
Food Items

The trophic relationships of a fish community were studied in two basins subjected to a strong human pressure in the interior of the State of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. A total of 211 stomachs of 14 species were analyzed. Diets varied greatly, with the occurrence of piscivory, benthophagy, insectivory, herbivory, and illiophagy. Food items were described for each species and a great amount of insects was registered. Allochthonous and autochthonous food items showed different importance degrees according to the species analyzed. Stomach fullness was high in spring and summer in both basins; these areas were used as reproduction and foraging sites for the studied species.

Mosses of the State Nature Reserve "Kurgalskiy" (Leningrad Region)

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-384
Author(s):  
G. Ya. Doroshina ◽  
E. G. Ginzburg ◽  
L. E. Kurbatova
Keyword(s):  
Protected Area ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
The State ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
Protected Species ◽  
State Nature Reserve ◽  
First Time ◽  
State Nature ◽  
Area Data

The paper provides the data on mosses of the State Nature Reserve ”Kurgalskiy” situated in the Kingisepp District of the Leningrad Region. The list includes 136 species. Among them Plagiothecium nemorale is new for the Leningrad Region, 83 species are recorded for the first time for the protected area, 12 species are protected in the region, Aulacomnium androgynum is protected in Russia. Of the protected species, Plagiothecium latebricola is recorded for the first time for the protected area. Data on habitats, substrates and frequency of every species are provided.

FEATURES OF OPHTHALMIC CARE FOR PATIENTS WITH COMPLICATED CATARACTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 84-89
Author(s):  
Inna Ivanovna Lapkina
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Outpatient Treatment ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Unified Approach ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
High Prevalence

Today, around 50 million people worldwide suffer from cataracts, more than a half of them need surgical treatment. High prevalence of this pathology in Ukraine, the need to improve the provision of ophthalmic care to patients, and the reform of the health care system have made the research relevant. Concomitant diseases and special conditions of the eye increase the risk of intra− and postoperative complications, worsen the functional parameters of patients after surgery. In order to develop a unified approach to the treatment of complicated cataracts based on diagnostically related groups of patients, a retrospective analysis of case histories of patients with different variants of complications related to the condition of the lens itself, its ligament apparatus and other structures of the eye was conducted. In each case, the surgeon has to choose the appropriate modification of cataract phacoemulsification surgery. The study proposed the classification of cataract phacoemulsification modifications on the basis of the techniques and the sequence of operation stages, taking into account the classification of the degrees of turbidity of the lens, proposed by L. Buratto. It has been noted that in complicated cases, according to the indications of the patient, surgery may be performed on several modifications of cataract phacoemulsification. The developed classification made it possible to generalize the various variants of pathology and greatly facilitate the choice of tactics of surgical treatment in complicated cataracts. It can be used not only for practical application, but also for improving the qualification of trained professionals. The prospect of further research is to identify contraindications for outpatient treatment of the patients with complicated cataracts. Key words: cataract complication, classification of phacoemulsification modifications, diagnostically related groups.

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