Abstract 11600: Long Sleep Duration and Low-Grade Inflammation: New Indicators of Arterial Stiffness in the Japanese at High-risk of Cardiovascular Disease

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Niijima ◽  
Michiaki Nagai ◽  
Satoshi Hoshide ◽  
Mami Takahashi ◽  
Masahisa Shimpo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Aortic Stiffness ◽  
The Other ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Long Sleep ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Background: Recently, several studies have reported that long sleep duration was independently associated with increased aortic stiffness. On the other hand, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) was associated with increased aortic stiffness. In this study, the relationships among self-reported sleep duration, hs-CRP and pulse wave velocity (PWV) were investigated in the Japanese at high-risk of cardiovascular disease. In addition, we investigated whether antihypertensive treatment moderated these relationships or not. Methods: Among 4310 patients with one or more cardiovascular risks recruited for the Japan Morning Surge-Home Blood Pressure Study, brachial-ankle PWV and hs-CRP measurement were performed in the 2304 patients (64.7 years old, male 49.6%). A self-administered questionnaire included items on daily sleep duration was used. Results: According to the sleep duration (6h or less,6h to 8h,8h or more per night), significant associations of sleep duration were observed with PWV (1594 vs 1644 vs 1763 cm/s, p<0.0001).In the multiple regression analysis adjustment for confounders including age body mass index, total cholesterol, HbA1c and clinic systolic blood pressure (SBP), long sleep duration (8h or more per night) (B: 29, 95%CI: 1.0-56, p<0.05) and log hs-CRP (B: 25, 95%CI: 3.1-48, p<0.05) were significantly positively associated with PWV. A significant interaction was found between long sleep duration and antihypertensive agent non-use for PWV (p<0.05). Especially, in the group without calcium channel blockers (CCBs), long sleep duration was significantly associated with PWV (p<0.01), while a marginal significant synergetic relationship was observed between long sleep duration and log hs-CRP for PWV (p=0.07). On the other hand, there were no significant interactions between long sleep duration and angiotensin receptor blockers non-use. Conclusions: Long sleep duration and hs-CRP were significant indicators of increased PVW in the high-risk Japanese population. In those without CCBs, long sleep duration served as a strong determinant for arterial stiffness, marginally interacted by low-grade inflammation. CCBs use might be important not to aggravate artery remodeling caused by long sleep duration.

Prepubertal Children Exposed to Maternal Gestational Diabetes Have Latent Low-Grade Inflammation

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leena Antikainen ◽  
Jarmo Jääskeläinen ◽  
Henrikki Nordman ◽  
Raimo Voutilainen ◽  
Hanna Huopio
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Prepubertal Children ◽  
Glucose And Lipid Metabolism ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Background: Maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and overweight are associated with an increased risk of obesity and the metabolic syndrome in the adult offspring. We studied the influence of maternal GDM on prepubertal children’s height, weight, body mass index (BMI), lipid and glucose metabolism, and low-grade inflammation. Methods: A cohort of 135 prepubertal Caucasian children (age range 4.4–9.7 years) was studied in a controlled cross-sectional study. Seventy-seven children had been exposed to maternal GDM, and 58 children born after a normal pregnancy served as controls. The outcomes were height, weight, BMI, blood pressure, and biochemical markers of glucose and lipid metabolism and inflammation. Results: There were no differences in height, weight, BMI, fasting serum insulin, plasma glucose, lipids, or blood pressure between the study groups. However, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) was significantly higher in the GDM group than in the controls (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Higher hs-CRP as a marker of low-grade inflammation was detected in prepubertal children exposed to maternal GDM, but no differences were seen in height, weight, BMI, or markers of glucose and lipid metabolism compared to control children. This finding may reflect an ongoing process of metabolic changes in children born after a GDM pregnancy.

Long sleep duration: a nonconventional indicator of arterial stiffness in Japanese at high risk of cardiovascular disease: the J-HOP study

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 429-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Niijima ◽  
Michiaki Nagai ◽  
Satoshi Hoshide ◽  
Mami Takahashi ◽  
Masahisa Shimpo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Long Sleep

Ten-year Cardiovascular Disease Risk Amongst Workers in a Tertiary Healthcare Institution in Kuala Lumpur

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-45
Author(s):  
Norfazilah Ahmad ◽  
Santhna Letchmi Panduragan ◽  
Chong Hong Soon ◽  
Kalaiarasan Gemini ◽  
Yee San Khor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Tertiary Healthcare

  Strategising, which is an effective workplace intervention to curb cardiovascular disease (CVD), requires understanding of the CVD risk related to a specific working population. The Framingham Risk Score (FRS) is widely used in predicting the ten-year CVD risk of various working populations. This study aimed to use FRS to determine the ten-year CVD risk amongst workers in a tertiary healthcare setting and its associated factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted on workers who participated in the special health check programme at the staff clinic of a tertiary healthcare institution in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. A set of data sheets was used to retrieve the workers’ sociodemographic and CVD risk information. The prevalence of high, moderate and low ten-year CVD risk was 12.8%, 20.0% and 67.2%, respectively. Workers in the high-risk group were older [mean age: 54.81 (standard deviation, 5.72) years], male (44%), smokers (72.7%) and having hyperglycaemia (46.7%) and hypertriglyceridemia [median triglycerides: 1.75 (interquartile range, 1.45) mmol/L]. Diastolic blood pressure (aOR 1.07, 95% CI: 1.01,1.14), hyperglycaemia (aOR 8.80, 95% CI: 1.92,40.36) and hypertriglyceridemia (aOR 4.45, 95% CI: 1.78,11.09) were significantly associated with high ten-year CVD risk. Diastolic blood pressure (aOR 1.08, 95% CI: 1.03,1.13) and hypertriglyceridemia (aOR 2.51, 95% CI: 1.12-5.61) were significantly associated with moderate ten-year CVD risk. The prevalence of high and moderate ten-year CVD risk was relatively high. Amongst the workers in the high-risk group, they were older, male, smokers and with high fasting blood sugar and triglyceride. Understanding the ten-year CVD risk and its associated factors could be used to plan periodic workplace health assessment and monitor to prevent CVD.

Abstract 14849: Gender Differences in Impact of CYP2C19 Polymorphism and Low Grade Inflammation on Coronary Spasm in Patients with Vasospastic Angina (VSA)

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomonori Akasaka ◽  
Seiji Hokimoto ◽  
Noriaki Tabata ◽  
Kenji Sakamoto ◽  
Kenichi Tsujita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Spasm ◽  
Coronary Spasm ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cyp2c19 Genotype ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Background: Several cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme families have been identified in extra hepatic tissues such as heart, vasculature, kidney, and lung. CYP2C19 localized in vascular smooth muscle and endothelium contributes to the regulation of vascular tone and homeostasis. However, it is unknown whether CYP2C19 genotype is associated with the vascular tonus in patients with VSA. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of CYP2C19 genotype on coronary artery spasm in patients with VSA. Methods: We examined the distribution of CYP2C19 genotype in patients with VSA (n=129) who were diagnosed by intra-coronary acetylcholine infusion test and healthy subjects (n=455) as control group. CYP2C19 genotypes were divided into 3 groups; (1) CYP2C19*1/*1: EM, (2) one loss-of-function allele (*1/*2, *1/*3: IM), and (3) two loss-of-function alleles (*2/*2, *2/*3, *3/*3: PM). Moreover, we measured the level of high-sensitive CRP (hs-CRP) as a degree of low glade inflammation in each group. Results: The ratios of CYP2C19 genotype (EM, IM, and PM) were 30, 42, and 28% in VSA group, and 32, 49, and 19% in control group. In short, PM frequency was significantly higher in VSA than in control (28% vs 19%, P=0.026). In VSA group, the ratios of CYP2C19 genotype were 36, 44, and 20% in male, and 20, 39, and 41% in female, respectively. Briefly, the PM frequency was significantly higher in female than in male (41% vs 20%, P<0.001). Moreover, the level of hs-CRP was significantly higher in VSA group than in control group (0.17±0.367 vs 0.10.±0.240, P=0.02). When patients were stratified by gender, the level of hs-CRP was significantly higher in VSA group in female (0.11±0.198 vs 0.06±0.105, P=0.031) and male (0.20±0.438 vs 0.12±0.277, P=0.044). Multivariate analysis for coronary spasm indicated high age, hypertension, and high level of hs-CRP as predictive factors among all subjects. PM is a predictive factor for coronary spasm in female group only (OR3.1, 95%RI 1.525-6.317, P=0.002), but not in male (OR0.829, 95%RI 0.453-1.518, P=0.543). Conclusion: The CYP2C19 two loss-of-function alleles (PM) and low grade inflammation may be associated with pathophysiology of coronary artery spasm and the regulation of coronary tonus, especially in female.

scholarly journals Sedentary Time and Markers of Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation in a High Risk Population

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. e78350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Henson ◽  
Thomas Yates ◽  
Charlotte L. Edwardson ◽  
Kamlesh Khunti ◽  
Duncan Talbot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Risk Population ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Abstract 17996: Is There Gender Differences in Effect of CYP2C19 Polymorphisms or Low-grade Inflammation on Coronary Microvascular Disorder (CMVD)?

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
tomonori akasaka ◽  
Seiji Hokimoto ◽  
Hisao Ogawa
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Predictive Factors ◽  
Provocation Test ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cyp2c19 Genotype ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Background: Specific CYPs localized in vascular smooth muscle and endothelium contribute to the regulation of vascular tone and homeostasis. CYP2C19 poor metabolizer(PM) is reported to be an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease. And, CYP2C19 PM is correlated with an increase in the circulating levels of hs-CRP in female. However, it is unknown whether CYP2C19 genotype is associated with the coronary microvascular disorder (CMVD).So, we examined gender differences in effect of CYP2C19 genotype and low grade inflammation on CMVD. Methods: We examined CYP2C19 genotypes in patients with CMVD (n=54) diagnosed by an intracoronary acetylcholine infusion test, with healthy subjects (n=76) serving as the control. CMVD was defined as the presentation of no coronary artery stenosis in angiography, no epicardial spasms, inversion of lactic acid levels between intracoronary and coronary sinuses in the intracoronary acetylcholine-provocation test, and an adenosine triphosphate-induced CFR<2.5. CYP2C19 genotypes were divided into 3 groups: (1) CYP2C19*1/*1 , extensive metabolizer (EM), (2) one loss-of-function allele (*1/*2, *1/*3; intermediate metabolizer [IM]), and (3) two loss-of-function alleles (*2/*2, *2/*3, *3/*3;[PM]). Results: The ratios of CYP2C19 genotype (EM,IM,and PM) were 31,39,and 30% in CMVD , and 32,49,and 19% in control. There is no significant difference in frequency of CYP2C19 genotype in overall (P=0.146). But, PM frequency was significantly higher in CMVD in only female (34% vs 16%, P=0.042). In level of hs-CRP, there is no significant difference between CMVD and control (0.111±0.080 vs 0.083±0.128,P=0.122), but significantly higher in CMVD in only female (0.112±0.106 vs 0.066±0.106,P=0.002). Moreover, in CMVD, mean of hs-CRP in CYP2C19 PM is significantly higher than that of EM in female (0.115±0.074 vs 0.046±0.039,P=0.034). Multivariate analysis for CMVD indicated that hypertension and chronic kidney disease are predictive factors among all subjects (OR 3.931,P=0.003, OR 3.146,P=0.026). High level of hs-CRP and CYP2C19 PM are predictive factors for CMVD in only female (OR3.864,P=0.047, OR6.079,P=0.042). Conclusion: CYP2C19 PM and low grade inflammation may be associated with CMVD, especially in female.

Abstract 14862: Gender Differences in Impact of CYP2C19 Polymorphism and Low Grade Inflammation on Coronary Microvascular Disease

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomonori Akasaka ◽  
Seiji Hokimoto ◽  
Noriaki Tabata ◽  
Kenji Sakamoto ◽  
Kenichi Tsujita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microvascular Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cyp2c19 Genotype ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Disease Group ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Background: Specific CYPs localized in vascular smooth muscle and endothelium contribute to the regulation of vascular tone and homeostasis. CYP2C19 two loss-of-function alleles (PM) were found to be an independent risk factor for diabetic retinopathy, and PM is associated with the coronary spasm especially in female. However, it is unknown whether CYP2C19 genotype is associated with the coronary microvascular disease. The aim was to evaluate the impact of CYP2C19 genotype on coronary microvascular disease. Methods: We examined CYP2C19 genotype in patients with microvascular disease (n=40) who were diagnosed by intra-coronary acetylcholine infusion test and healthy subjects (n=455) as control group. We defined the coronary microvascular disease that have no epicardial spasm and have angina, ischemic ECG changes, reduced coronary blood flow, or inversion of lactic acid level between intra-coronary and coronary sinus. CYP2C19 genotypes were divided into 3 groups; (1) CYP2C19*1/*1: EM, (2) one loss-of-function allele (*1/*2, *1/*3: IM), and (3) two loss-of-function alleles (*2/*2, *2/*3, *3/*3: PM). Results: The ratios of CYP2C19 genotype (EM, IM, and PM) were 33, 35, and 32% in microvascular disease group, and 32, 49, and 19% in control group. In short, PM frequency was significantly higher in microvascular disease group (32%vs19%,P=0.039). In microvascular disease group, the ratios of CYP2C19 genotype (EM, IM, and PM) were 44, 38, and 19% in male, and 25, 33, and 42% in female, respectively. Briefly, the PM frequency was significantly higher in female than in male (42%vs19%,P=0.011). Moreover, the level of hs-CRP was significantly higher in microvascular disease group (0.37±0.908 vs 0.10±0.240, P<0.001). Multivariate analysis for microvascular disease indicated that gender, high age, smoking, hypertension, and the high level of hs-CRP are predictive factors among all subjects. PM is a predictive factor for microvascular disease in female group only (OR3.214, 95%RI 1.286-8.034, P=0.012), but not in male (OR0.909, 95%RI 0.251-3.285, P=0.884). Conclusion: The CYP2C19 two loss-of-function alleles (PM) and low grade inflammation may be associated with pathophysiology of coronary microvascular disease, especially in female.

scholarly journals Multifactorial Activation of NLRP3 Inflammasome: Relevance for a Precision Approach to Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk and Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 4459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Baragetti ◽  
Alberico Luigi Catapano ◽  
Paolo Magni
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Elevated Cholesterol ◽  
Inflammatory Pattern ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Chronic low-grade inflammation, through the specific activation of the NACHT leucine-rich repeat- and PYD-containing (NLRP)3 inflammasome-interleukin (IL)-1β pathway, is an important contributor to the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), being triggered by intracellular cholesterol accumulation within cells. Within this pathological context, this complex pathway is activated by a number of factors, such as unhealthy nutrition, altered gut and oral microbiota, and elevated cholesterol itself. Moreover, evidence from autoinflammatory diseases, like psoriasis and others, which are also associated with higher cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, suggests that variants of NLRP3 pathway-related genes (like NLRP3 itself, caspase recruitment domain-containing protein (CARD)8, caspase-1 and IL-1β) may carry gain-of-function mutations leading, in some individuals, to a constitutive pro-inflammatory pattern. Indeed, some reports have recently associated the presence of specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on such genes with greater ASCVD prevalence. Based on these observations, a potential effective strategy in this context may be the identification of carriers of these NLRP3-related SNPs, to generate a genomic score, potentially useful for a better CVD risk prediction, and, possibly, for personalized therapeutic approaches targeted to the NLRP3-IL-1β pathway.

scholarly journals Comparison of Cardiovascular Disease Risks of Actual and Perceptions of Men’s that 40-65 Years Old

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
İbrahim Topuz ◽  
Sebahat Gozum
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Risk Reducing ◽  
Very High

Abstract Background Turkey is among the top countries in Europe in coronary mortality in the 45-74 age range. The highest death due to disorders of the circulatory system (50.8%) that is Amasya province. Objective Determine related factors and to compare with actual and perceived cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks of men aged 40-65 living in Amasya. Methods The sample size of cross-sectional and analytical study consisted of 400 people who met the inclusion criteria. Actual CVD risks of men were calculated using HeartScore. Age, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol measured by blood taken from the capillary and smoking status were used to calculate CVD risk. Actual CVD risk in next decade has been calculated as low, medium, high or very high. Perceived CVD risk in next decade were identified by participants as low, medium, high and very high responses. They also questioned why evaluation of perceived risk. Results It was determined whereas 8.3% of the males had high, 52.5% had a very high level of CVD risk. The main variables affecting actual CVD risk; diastolic blood pressure, BMI and physical activity. 13.3% of males perceived CVD risks at high and 8% at very high. The main variables affecting perceived CVD risk; age and DM. It was found that 48% and 23.8% of males perceived CVD risks lower and higher than actual CVD risk while 28.2% were accurate. Those who perceived CVD risk at a moderate, high and very high think that this is caused by diseases that increase the risk of CVD and smoking. Conclusions Approximately 1/2 men has very high risk of CVD. It was determined that 1/2 men perceived risks are lower with false optimism and couldn’t accurately identify risks of people older and with diabetes. Key messages It can be ensured that develop risk reducing behaviors and individuals with high risk of CVD can raise their awareness. The risk perceptions of males in the very high-risk group from the past to the present are important because they affect their actual risks and risk-reducing behaviors.

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