scholarly journals Comparison of Cardiovascular Disease Risks of Actual and Perceptions of Men’s that 40-65 Years Old

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
İbrahim Topuz ◽  
Sebahat Gozum
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Risk Reducing ◽  
Very High

Abstract Background Turkey is among the top countries in Europe in coronary mortality in the 45-74 age range. The highest death due to disorders of the circulatory system (50.8%) that is Amasya province. Objective Determine related factors and to compare with actual and perceived cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks of men aged 40-65 living in Amasya. Methods The sample size of cross-sectional and analytical study consisted of 400 people who met the inclusion criteria. Actual CVD risks of men were calculated using HeartScore. Age, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol measured by blood taken from the capillary and smoking status were used to calculate CVD risk. Actual CVD risk in next decade has been calculated as low, medium, high or very high. Perceived CVD risk in next decade were identified by participants as low, medium, high and very high responses. They also questioned why evaluation of perceived risk. Results It was determined whereas 8.3% of the males had high, 52.5% had a very high level of CVD risk. The main variables affecting actual CVD risk; diastolic blood pressure, BMI and physical activity. 13.3% of males perceived CVD risks at high and 8% at very high. The main variables affecting perceived CVD risk; age and DM. It was found that 48% and 23.8% of males perceived CVD risks lower and higher than actual CVD risk while 28.2% were accurate. Those who perceived CVD risk at a moderate, high and very high think that this is caused by diseases that increase the risk of CVD and smoking. Conclusions Approximately 1/2 men has very high risk of CVD. It was determined that 1/2 men perceived risks are lower with false optimism and couldn’t accurately identify risks of people older and with diabetes. Key messages It can be ensured that develop risk reducing behaviors and individuals with high risk of CVD can raise their awareness. The risk perceptions of males in the very high-risk group from the past to the present are important because they affect their actual risks and risk-reducing behaviors.

Ten-year Cardiovascular Disease Risk Amongst Workers in a Tertiary Healthcare Institution in Kuala Lumpur

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-45
Author(s):  
Norfazilah Ahmad ◽  
Santhna Letchmi Panduragan ◽  
Chong Hong Soon ◽  
Kalaiarasan Gemini ◽  
Yee San Khor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Tertiary Healthcare

  Strategising, which is an effective workplace intervention to curb cardiovascular disease (CVD), requires understanding of the CVD risk related to a specific working population. The Framingham Risk Score (FRS) is widely used in predicting the ten-year CVD risk of various working populations. This study aimed to use FRS to determine the ten-year CVD risk amongst workers in a tertiary healthcare setting and its associated factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted on workers who participated in the special health check programme at the staff clinic of a tertiary healthcare institution in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. A set of data sheets was used to retrieve the workers’ sociodemographic and CVD risk information. The prevalence of high, moderate and low ten-year CVD risk was 12.8%, 20.0% and 67.2%, respectively. Workers in the high-risk group were older [mean age: 54.81 (standard deviation, 5.72) years], male (44%), smokers (72.7%) and having hyperglycaemia (46.7%) and hypertriglyceridemia [median triglycerides: 1.75 (interquartile range, 1.45) mmol/L]. Diastolic blood pressure (aOR 1.07, 95% CI: 1.01,1.14), hyperglycaemia (aOR 8.80, 95% CI: 1.92,40.36) and hypertriglyceridemia (aOR 4.45, 95% CI: 1.78,11.09) were significantly associated with high ten-year CVD risk. Diastolic blood pressure (aOR 1.08, 95% CI: 1.03,1.13) and hypertriglyceridemia (aOR 2.51, 95% CI: 1.12-5.61) were significantly associated with moderate ten-year CVD risk. The prevalence of high and moderate ten-year CVD risk was relatively high. Amongst the workers in the high-risk group, they were older, male, smokers and with high fasting blood sugar and triglyceride. Understanding the ten-year CVD risk and its associated factors could be used to plan periodic workplace health assessment and monitor to prevent CVD.

scholarly journals Predicting 10-year cardiovascular risk using WHO/ISH risk prediction chart among urban population in Salem

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 5228
Author(s):  
K. Premanandh ◽  
R. Shankar
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Prediction ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Total Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Very High

Background: Coronary vascular disease (CVD) risk estimation tools are a simple means of identifying those at high risk in a community and hence a potentially cost-effective strategy for CVD prevention in resource-poor countries. The WHO /ISH risk prediction charts provide approximate estimates of cardiovascular disease risk in people who do not have established coronary heart disease, stroke or other atherosclerotic disease.Methods: A total of 280 subjects between 40 to 70 years of age were included in this cross sectional study. Eligible households was selected randomly (every 5th household) for the interview using systematic random sampling. Age, gender, smoking status, systolic blood pressure, presence or absence of diabetes and total serum cholesterol were used to compute the total CVD risk using WHO/ISH CVD risk prediction chart. The chart stratify an individual into low (<10%), moderate (10% to <20%), high (20% to <30%), and very high (>30%) risk groups.Results: Moderate and high CVD risk were 12.14% and 7.5% respectively. Of total study participants, 2.5% had very high risk (>40%). High risk (binge drinking) alcohol drinkers (p=0.04) and abdominal obesity (p=0.0001) were significantly associated with higher CVD risk. Higher prevalence of behavioral risk factors was also reported in our study population.Conclusions: A large proportion of the population is at moderate and high cardiovascular risk. Risk stratification and identification of individuals with a high risk for CHD who could potentially benefit from intensive primary prevention efforts are critically important in reducing the burden of CVD in India.

Abstract P177: Potential Value of Intensive Blood-Pressure Treatment Based on Predicted Lifetime Cardiovascular Disease at Age 40: Computer Simulation Study

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anusorn Thanataveerat ◽  
Sonia Singh ◽  
Ciaran Kohli-Lynch ◽  
Yiyi Zhang ◽  
Eric Vittinghoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Computer Simulation ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Intensive Treatment ◽  
Lifetime Risk ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Intensive Blood Pressure

Introduction: In the SPRINT trial, intensive blood pressure (BP) treatment saved lives and was cost-effective in high-risk older adults. It is unclear if intensive BP treatment should be extended to high-risk adults aged 40-49 years. Objectives: We used individual patient computer simulation to assess the incremental value of extending intensive BP treatment to adults as young as age 40 with high cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. We selected patients aged <60 years with high lifetime risk because few have high ten-year risk. Methods: Male and female cohorts of 100,000 individuals were assembled from NHANES surveys 1999-2010 using sampling weights. BP and other risk factor trajectories were projected for ages 40 to 69 years based on Framingham Offspring Cohort analyses. The “standard of care” treatment scenario simulated treating BP <140/90 mmHg in all patients ≥140/90 mmHg. Two alternative scenarios were simulated: add intensive treatment (goal <130/90 mmHg) from age 40-69 or from age 50-59 in patients with high lifetime risk. The lifetime risk thresholds (Table 1) were chosen in order to capture patients with forecasted ten-year CVD risk ≥ 10% at age 60. Costs included added treatment and side-effect costs and avoided CVD costs; indexed to 2016. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) assessed changes in costs and quality-adjusted life years due to adding intensive BP goals. Results: Over a 30-year time horizon, adding intensive treatment in high lifetime risk patients at age 40 would prevent 2,880 additional CVD events in males and 2,958 in females compared to treating only BP <140/90 mmHg. Intensive treatment in high lifetime risk patients before age 60 appeared generally cost-effective except in females aged 40 years (ICER $59,000). Conclusion: Our results suggest that over the long term, intensive BP treatment may be cost-effective in high-risk men as young as 40 and high-risk women as young as 50. Lifetime cardiovascular disease risk might be used to select high risk middle-aged adults for intensive BP treatment.

scholarly journals Estimated total cardiovascular risk in a rural area of Bangladesh: a household level cross-sectional survey done by local community health workers

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. e046195
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mostafa Zaman ◽  
Mohammad Moniruzzaman ◽  
Kamrun Nahar Chowdhury ◽  
Salma Zareen ◽  
AHM Enayet Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Workers ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cvd Prevention ◽  
Very High

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to estimate 10-year cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among Bangladeshi rural community residents, using the 2014 WHO/International Society of Hypertension (WHO/ISH) risk prediction charts.Study designCross-sectional population-based study done by local community healthcare workers engaging the lowest level facilities of the primary healthcare system.Setting and participantsA total of 1545 rural adults aged ≥40 years of Debhata upazila of Satkhira district of Bangladesh participated in this survey done in 2015. The community health workers collected data on age, smoking, blood pressure, blood glucose and treatment history of diabetes and hypertension.Primary outcome measuresWe estimated total 10-year CVD risk using the WHO/ISH South East Asia Region-D charts without cholesterol and categorised the risk into low (<10%), moderate (10%–19.9%), high (20%–29.9%) and very high (≥30%).ResultsThe participants’ mean age (±SD) was 53.9±11.6 years. Overall, the 10-year CVD risks (%, 95% CI) were as follows: low risk (81.6%, 95% CI 78.4% to 84.6%), moderate risk (9.9%, 95% CI 7.4% to 12.1%), high risk (5.8%, 95% CI 4.4% to 7.2%) and very high risk (2.8%, 95% CI 1.5% to 4.1%). In women, moderate to very high risks were higher (moderate 12.1%, high 6.1% and very high 3.7%) compared with men (moderate 7.5%, high 5.5% and very high 1.9%) but none of these were statistically significant. The age-standardised prevalence of very high risk increased from 2.9% (0.7%–5.2%) to 8.5% (5%–12%) when those with anti-hypertensive medication having controlled blood pressure (<140/90 mm Hg) added.ConclusionThe very high-risk estimates could be used for planning resource for CVD prevention programme at upazila level. There is a need for a national level study, covering diversities of rural areas, to contribute to national planning of CVD prevention.

Abstract 17345: Particulate Matter and Risk of Incident Cardiovascular Disease in a Nationwide Cohort of Men

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime E Hart ◽  
Jarvis T Chen ◽  
Robin C Puett ◽  
Jeff D Yanosky ◽  
Eric B Rimm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Ambient Exposure ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Chronic exposures to particulate matter (PM) have been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. We examined the impact of long-term exposures to PM on the risk of incident coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke among members of the nationwide all-male Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (HPFS) prospective cohort. Methods: HPFS members were followed biennially between 1986-2006 to obtain information on incident disease and to update information on CVD risk factors. Time-varying ambient PM 10 , PM 2.5-10 , and PM 2.5 for the previous 12 months were calculated from monthly predictions at the address level. Multivariate adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate [HR (95%CI)] for the association between each fraction of PM and each outcome among 43,371 CVD-free members of the HPFS, adjusting for risk factors and other potential confounders. We also assessed effect modification by region of the country, BMI, smoking status, and comorbidities (hypercholesterolemia, high blood pressure, and diabetes). Sensitivity analyses were conducted restricting the population to men who provided residential (N=15,395), as opposed to work, addresses. Results: The mean (SD) levels of 12-month average PM 10 , PM 2.5-10 , and PM 2.5 were 20.7 (6.2), 8.4 (4.7) and 12.3 (3.4) μg/m 3 . In the full population, there was only modest evidence of increased risks of incident CHD or stroke with increasing PM exposures. Associations with stroke were modified by region, hypercholesterolemia, high blood pressure, and diabetes, with larger effects among those with comorbid conditions and in the Northeast and South. CHD, but not stroke, dose-responses were stronger among those who provided residential as opposed to work addresses; each 10 μg/m 3 increase, was associated with increases in overall CHD [1.10 (95%CI: 1.01-1.20), 1.09 (0.97-1.23), and 1.14 (0.98-1.32) for PM 10 , PM 2.5-10 , and PM 2.5 , respectively]. Conclusions: In this cohort of US men, PM exposures were only modestly associated with elevated risks of CHD and stroke. Comorbidities and region modified the associations with stroke, and residential ambient exposures were more associated with CHD than work ambient exposure.

Longitudinal analysis of cardiovascular disease risk profile in neighbourhood poverty subgroups: 5-year results from an afterschool fitness programme in the USA

2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily M D’Agostino ◽  
Hersila H Patel ◽  
Eric Hansen ◽  
M Sunil Mathew ◽  
Maria Nardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Risk Profile ◽  
At Risk Youth ◽  
High Poverty ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Poverty Areas ◽  
Programme Participation ◽  
Very High

BackgroundThe WHO calls for affordable population-based prevention strategies for reducing the global burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) on morbidity and mortality; however, effective, sustainable and accessible community-based approaches for CVD prevention in at-risk youth have yet to be identified. We examined the effects of implementing a daily park-based afterschool fitness programme on youth CVD risk profiles over 5 years and across area poverty subgroups.MethodsThe study included 2264 youth (mean age 9.4 years, 54% male, 50% Hispanic, 47% non-Hispanic black, 70% high/very high area poverty) in Miami, Florida, USA. We used three-level repeated measures mixed models to determine the longitudinal effects of programme participation on modifiable CVD outcomes (2010–2016).ResultsDuration of programme participation was significantly associated with CVD risk profile improvements, including body mass index (BMI) z-score, diastolic/systolic blood pressure, skinfold thicknesses, waist–hip ratio, sit-ups, push-ups, Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run (PACER) score, 400 m run time, probability of developing systolic/diastolic hypertension and overweight/obesity in high/very high poverty neighbourhoods (P<0.001). Diastolic blood pressure decreased 3.4 percentile points (95% CI −5.85 to −0.85), 8.1 percentile points (95% CI –11.98 to −4.26), 6.1 percentile points (95% CI −11.49 to −0.66), 7.6 percentile points (95% CI −15.33 to –0.15) and 11.4 percentile points (95% CI −25.32 to 2.61) for 1–5 years, respectively, in high/very high poverty areas. In contrast, significant improvements were found only for PACER score and waist–hip ratio in low/mid poverty areas.ConclusionThis analysis presents compelling evidence demonstrating that park-based afterschool programmes can successfully maintain or improve at-risk youth CVD profiles over multiple years.

Abstract P329: Prospective Association of Serum Uromodulin and Cardiovascular Disease in Chronic Kidney Transplant Receipents

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles B Eaton ◽  
Dominik Steubl ◽  
Mary Roberts ◽  
Pranav Garimella ◽  
Theresa Shireman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Tubular Function ◽  
Kidney Transplant Recipients ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Total N ◽  
Baseline Serum

Serum levels of the exclusively renal-derived glycoprotein, uromodulin, a putative tubular function index, were recently associated with the development of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular disease [CVD] outcomes during longitudinal surveillance of two cohorts undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography (Leiherer A et al. Int J Cardiol. 2017; 231:6-12; Delgado GE et al. 2017; 28: 2201-10). Using a case-cohort design (total n=685; random subcohort n=433) from the completed FAVORIT trial of chronic, stable kidney transplant recipients [KTRs], we examined the association between baseline serum uromodulin (mean ± standard deviation [SD]: 67.8 ±39.7 ng/mL), and the development of CVD (myocardial infarction, CVD death, stroke, & major revascularization procedures, pooled, n=311 events), during a median 3.7 years of follow-up. Unadjusted, weighted Cox proportional hazards modeling, based upon the subcohort uromodulin level SD (±39.7), revealed that each SD higher was associated with a 23% decreased risk for CVD (hazards ratio [HR]= 0.77; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.65-0.92). This association was attenuated after adjustment for age, sex, smoking status, graft type, prevalent diabetes & CVD, systolic blood pressure gt140, diastolic blood pressure lt 70, estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] gt=45 mL/min per 1.73m 2 , & natural log urinary albumin/creatinine [UACR]: (HR=0.83; 95% CI=0.67-1.04). Comparing subcohort uromodulin [ng/mL] quartile ranges (Q1=5.6-39.1; Q2=39.2-58.8; Q3=58.9-82.9; Q4=83.0-309.6), with the lowest quartile as referent, unadjusted Cox models demonstrated that the risks for CVD were as follows: Q2 v. Q1 (HR=0.92; 95% CI=0.62-1.38); Q3 v. Q1 (HR=0.69; 95% CI= 0.46-1.03); Q4 v. Q1 (HR=0.56; 95% CI=0.37-0.85). Full adjustment yielded: Q2 v. Q1 (HR=1.16; 95% CI= 0.70-1.92); Q3 v. Q1 (HR= 0.77; 95% CI=0.44-1.37); Q4 v. Q1 (HR=0.76; 95% CI=0.44-1.31). Higher serum uromodulin, an ostensible indicator of better preserved tubular function, was associated with reduced risk for the development of CVD in a large cohort of chronic, stable KTRs, but this association did not persist upon adjustment for major CVD risk factors, eGFR, & UACR.

scholarly journals Control of Glucose, Blood Pressure, and Cholesterol among Adults with Diabetes: The Brazilian National Health Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 3428
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Citton P. dos Reis ◽  
Bruce B. Duncan ◽  
Célia Landmann Szwarcwald ◽  
Deborah Carvalho Malta ◽  
Maria Inês Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
National Health ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Adherence To Treatment ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Duration Of Diabetes ◽  
Basic Standards

ABC (glucose, blood pressure and LDL-cholesterol) goals are basic standards of diabetes care. We aimed to assess ABC control and related factors in a representative sample of Brazilian adults with diabetes. We analyzed 465 adults with known diabetes in the Brazilian National Health Survey. The targets used were <7% for glycated hemoglobin (A1C); <140/90 mmHg for blood pressure; and <100 mg/dL for LDL-C, with stricter targets for the latter two for those with high cardiovascular (CVD) risk. Individual goals were attained by 46% (95% CI, 40.3–51.6%) for A1C, 51.4% (95% CI, 45.7–57.1%) for blood pressure, and 40% (95% CI, 34.5–45.6%) for LDL-C. The achievement of all three goals was attained by 12.5% (95% CI, 8.9–16.2%). Those with high CVD risk attained blood pressure and LDL-C goals less frequently. A1C control improved with increasing age and worsened with greater duration of diabetes. Achievement of at least two ABC goals decreased with increasing BMI and greater duration of diabetes. In sum, about half of those with known diabetes achieved each ABC goal and only a small fraction achieved all three goals. Better access and adherence to treatment and strategies to personalize goals according to specific priorities are of the essence.

scholarly journals Risk for recurrent cardiovascular disease events among patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Demetria Hubbard ◽  
Lisandro D. Colantonio ◽  
Robert S. Rosenson ◽  
Todd M. Brown ◽  
Elizabeth A. Jackson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Peripheral Artery ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Very High

Abstract Background Adults who have experienced multiple cardiovascular disease (CVD) events have a very high risk for additional events. Diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are each associated with an increased risk for recurrent CVD events following a myocardial infarction (MI). Methods We compared the risk for recurrent CVD events among US adults with health insurance who were hospitalized for an MI between 2014 and 2017 and had (1) CVD prior to their MI but were free from diabetes or CKD (prior CVD), and those without CVD prior to their MI who had (2) diabetes only, (3) CKD only and (4) both diabetes and CKD. We followed patients from hospital discharge through December 31, 2018 for recurrent CVD events including coronary, stroke, and peripheral artery events. Results Among 162,730 patients, 55.2% had prior CVD, and 28.3%, 8.3%, and 8.2% had diabetes only, CKD only, and both diabetes and CKD, respectively. The rate for recurrent CVD events per 1000 person-years was 135 among patients with prior CVD and 110, 124 and 171 among those with diabetes only, CKD only and both diabetes and CKD, respectively. Compared to patients with prior CVD, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio for recurrent CVD events was 0.92 (95%CI 0.90–0.95), 0.89 (95%CI: 0.85–0.93), and 1.18 (95%CI: 1.14–1.22) among those with diabetes only, CKD only, and both diabetes and CKD, respectively. Conclusion Following MI, adults with both diabetes and CKD had a higher risk for recurrent CVD events compared to those with prior CVD without diabetes or CKD.

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