Abstract MP15: Innovative Self-Regulation Strategies Reduce Weight Gain in Young Adults

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rena R Wing ◽  
Deborah Tate ◽  
Mark Espeland ◽  
Cora E Lewis ◽  
Amy Gorin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Reduce Weight Gain ◽  
Trial Testing ◽  
Small Change ◽  
Regulation Model

Introduction: Young adults gain an average of 2 pounds per year, increasing their risk for obesity and co-morbidities. To date, no approaches have successfully reduced this weight gain. The Study of Novel Approaches to Prevention of Weight Gain (SNAP) is a randomized clinical trial testing two innovative self-regulation interventions. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that both interventions would reduce weight change over an average follow-up of 3 years relative to a control. Methods: Participants age 18-35 with a BMI of 21-30 were recruited in Raleigh-Durham, NC and Providence, RI. The 599 participants included 27% from minority groups and 22% males, mean age 28.4 (SD 4.4) yrs and BMI 25.4 (2.6). The interventions were based on a self-regulation model, involving frequent self-weighing and changes in eating and activity if weight gain occurred. The SMALL changes approach focused on making small (100 calorie) changes in daily eating and exercise; LARGE changes emphasized larger initial changes in eating and exercise, to create a 5 to 10-pound buffer against anticipated weight gain. Interventions were delivered via 8 face-to-face group sessions in the first 4 months, followed by ongoing weight reporting and feedback and optional Internet refreshers. CONTROL received one face-to-face session. Assessments were at baseline, 4 months, and then annually. Results: Data collection ends 12/31/14; final results will be presented. Retention at year 3 is 87%. Currently, mean (SE) weight changes across 3 years differ significantly between the groups (see Fig 1); for LARGE, mean weight loss is -2.48 (0.22) kg, which differs significantly from -0.75 (0.22) kg loss in SMALL, and both differ from the +0.10 (0.22) kg gain in Control. For secondary outcomes of weight gain from baseline to 2 years and % gaining >1 lb at 2 years, both interventions significantly differed from Control, but not from each other. Conclusion: Self-regulation approaches using LARGE or SMALL change strategies reduce weight gain in young adults.

scholarly journals Innovative Self-Regulation Strategies to Reduce Weight Gain in Young Adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 176 (6) ◽  
pp. 755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rena R. Wing ◽  
Deborah F. Tate ◽  
Mark A. Espeland ◽  
Cora E. Lewis ◽  
Jessica Gokee LaRose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Reduce Weight Gain ◽  
Regulation Strategies

scholarly journals Making large changes or small changes to prevent weight gain in young adulthood: which is preferred and by whom?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline F Hayes ◽  
Deborah F Tate ◽  
Mark A Espeland ◽  
Jessica Gokee LaRose ◽  
Amy A Gorin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Large Change ◽  
Treatment Preferences ◽  
Weight Gain Prevention ◽  
Perceived Effectiveness ◽  
Prevention Interventions ◽  
Small Change

Abstract Knowledge of participant treatment preferences can inform decision-making regarding treatment dissemination and future participant adoption. To compare participant perceptions of two evidence-based approaches for weight gain prevention in young adults to identify the intervention with the greatest likelihood of adoption. As part of a randomized trial (Study of Novel Approaches to Weight Gain Prevention [SNAP]; n = 599) testing weight gain prevention interventions in young adults (18–35 years), individuals assigned to self-regulation interventions using either large changes or small changes reported on perceived personal effectiveness and difficulty of treatment over 3 years. Treatment satisfaction at 2-year follow-up was also reported. Pre-randomization, participants believed the large change intervention would be more personally effective than the small change intervention, although they also considered it more complex. Older age, lower body mass index (p = 0.056), and desire to maintain versus lose weight predicted greater perceived effectiveness of the small change relative to large change intervention. Over follow-up, the large change intervention was no longer perceived as more effective, but perceived effectiveness aligned with assigned treatment. The small change intervention was rated as less complex than the large change intervention at 4 months, but not at other follow-ups. At study conclusion, participants were largely satisfied with both treatments; however, in the small change intervention, individuals who were not successful at preventing weight gain were less satisfied than individuals who were successful. The large and small change interventions are both appropriate for dissemination with no clear advantages based on the participant perceptions.

scholarly journals Health literacy promotion among young adults: a web-based intervention in German vocational schools

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerrit Stassen ◽  
Christopher Grieben ◽  
Odile Sauzet ◽  
Ingo Frob�se ◽  
Andrea Schaller
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Vocational Schools ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Educational Settings ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Societal Relevance

Abstract Against the background of an ageing population, the target group of young adults holds strong societal relevance as the future workforce. At the same time, young adults find themselves in a critical phase of life regarding the manifestation of a healthy lifestyle. In this context, young adults’ health literacy gains importance. Web-based interventions implemented in educational settings offer the potential for promoting health literacy, although longitudinal studies remain scarce. Within a pre–post cluster randomized controlled trial with 6-month follow-up, this study investigated whether an 8-week web-based intervention in vocational schools (with or without an additional initial face-to-face measure) improves individual competencies within a structural model of health literacy (‘self-perception’, ‘proactive approach to health’, ‘dealing with health information’, ‘self-control’, ‘self-regulation’ and ‘communication and cooperation’). The control condition was regular school lessons following the curriculum only. A multi-level regression analysis was performed using the control group as reference. None of the interventions showed a significant improvement in any of the dimensions. Significant differences between the intervention and control were obtained for some dimensions, albeit showing reductions. Future research must examine how to build impactful health literacy promotion in educational settings. Investigations into linking digital and face-to-face measures should continue.

Lower leptin levels are associated with higher risk of weight gain over 2 years in healthy young adults

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Allard ◽  
Myriam Doyon ◽  
Christine Brown ◽  
Andre C. Carpentier ◽  
Marie-France Langlois ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Leptin Deficiency ◽  
Food Diaries ◽  
Baseline Bmi

Complete leptin deficiency is associated with weight gain and extreme obesity, according to studies of animals and of monogenic obesity in humans. It is still a matter of debate whether relative leptin deficiency plays a physiologic role in adiposity regulation in free-living humans. We hypothesized that leptin levels would be associated with subsequent weight changes in healthy normal-weight young adults. Our prospective cohort involved 150 healthy young adults (114 women and 36 men) followed over their years of study at the Université de Sherbrooke. Anthropometric measurements, fasting blood samples, 3-day food diaries, and a physical activity questionnaire were collected at baseline. Leptin levels were measured with radioimmunoassay. Associations between baseline leptin levels and subsequent anthropometric changes were assessed with multivariable linear regression models to account for adiposity at baseline, food intake, and energy expenditure. Over the 2-year follow-up, changes in body mass index (BMI) ranged from –0.8 to +2.6 kg·m–2 in men (mean BMI change, +0.6 kg·m–2) and from –2.5 to +3.7 kg·m–2 in women (mean BMI change, +0.1 kg·m–2). Lower leptin levels at baseline were associated with a higher risk of weight gain in women (r = –0.24; p = 0.01 for change in BMI) and in men (r = –0.27, p = 0.11), even after accounting for baseline BMI, total daily caloric intake, and energy expenditure (p = 0.02). In the subsample measured at 4 years (n = 63), baseline leptin levels were not associated with 4-year weight changes. Lower leptin levels are associated with a higher risk of weight gain over 2 years in healthy young adults.

Young Adults’ Contextualization of Environmental and Sustainability Issues: A Critical Issue for Environmental Education Intervention

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony KOLA-OLUSANYA
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Environmental Education ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Insight Into

As soon as decision makers are expected to make differences towards sustainable future, young adults’ ability to make informed and sound decisions is considered essential towards securing our planet. This study provides an insight into young adults’ knowledge of key environment and sustainability issues. To answer the key research questions, data were obtained using a qualitative phenomenographic research approach and collected through 18 face-to-face in-depth interviews with research participants. The findings of this study suggest that young adults lived experiences that play a huge role in their level of awareness of topical environmental and sustainability issues critical to humanity’s future on earth. 

scholarly journals A meta-analysis comparing short-term weight and cardiometabolic changes between olanzapine/samidorphan and olanzapine

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manit Srisurapanont ◽  
Sirijit Suttajit ◽  
Surinporn Likhitsathian ◽  
Benchalak Maneeton ◽  
Narong Maneeton
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Dropout Rates ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Treatment

AbstractThis study compared weight and cardiometabolic changes after short-term treatment of olanzapine/samidorphan and olanzapine. Eligible criteria for an included trial were ≤ 24 weeks, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared olanzapine/samidorphan and olanzapine treatments in patients/healthy volunteers and reported weight or cardiometabolic outcomes. Three databases were searched on October 31, 2020. Primary outcomes included weight changes and all-cause dropout rates. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) and risk ratios (RRs) were computed and pooled using a random-effect model. This meta-analysis included four RCTs (n = 1195). The heterogeneous data revealed that weight changes were not significantly different between olanzapine/samidorphan and olanzapine groups (4 RCTs, SDM = − 0.19, 95% CI − 0.45 to 0.07, I2 = 75%). The whole-sample, pooled RR of all-cause dropout rates (4 RCTs, RR = 1.02, 95% CI 0.84 to 1.23, I2 = 0%) was not significant different between olanzapine/samidorphan and olanzapine groups. A lower percentage of males and a lower initial body mass index were associated with the greater effect of samidorphan in preventing olanzapine-induced weight gain. Current evidence is insufficient to support the use of samidorphan to prevent olanzapine-induced weight gain and olanzapine-induced cardiometabolic abnormalities. Samidorphan is well accepted by olanzapine-treated patients.

scholarly journals Managing Obesity in Lockdown: Survey of Health Behaviors and Telemedicine

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1359
Author(s):  
Noga C Minsky ◽  
Dafna Pachter ◽  
Galia Zacay ◽  
Naama Chishlevitz ◽  
Miriam Ben-Hamo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Eating Patterns ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Exercise Habits ◽  
Prevent Weight Gain ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits

Since the outbreak of COVID-19, billions of people have gone into lockdown, facing pandemic related challenges that engender weight gain, especially in the obese. We report the results of an online survey, conducted during Israel’s first quarantine, of 279 adults treated in hospital-based obesity clinics with counseling, medications, surgery, endoscopic procedures, or any combination of these for weight loss. In this study, we assessed the association between changes in dietary and lifestyle habits and body weight, and the benefits of receiving weight management care remotely through telemedicine during lockdown. Compared to patients not receiving obesity care via telemedicine, patients receiving this care were more likely to lose weight (OR, 2.79; p = 0.042) and also to increase participation in exercise (OR, 2.4; p = 0.022). While 40% of respondents reported consuming more sweet or salty processed snacks and 33% reported less vegetables and fruits, 65% reported more homemade foods. At the same time, 40% of respondents reported a reduction in exercise and 52% reported a decline in mood. Alterations in these eating patterns, as well as in exercise habits and mood, were significantly associated with weight changes. This study highlights that lockdown affects health behaviors associated with weight change, and advocates for the use of telemedicine to provide ongoing obesity care during future quarantines in order to promote weight loss and prevent weight gain.

scholarly journals Eye contact effect: The role of vagal regulation and reactivity, and self-regulation of attention

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicja Niedźwiecka
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functions ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Eye Contact ◽  
Autonomic Regulation ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Contact Effect ◽  
The Individual

AbstractEye contact is a crucial aspect of social interactions that may enhance an individual’s cognitive performance (i.e. the eye contact effect) or hinder it (i.e. face-to-face interference effect). In this paper, I focus on the influence of eye contact on cognitive performance in tasks engaging executive functions. I present a hypothesis as to why some individuals benefit from eye contact while others do not. I propose that the relations between eye contact and executive functioning are modulated by an individual’s autonomic regulation and reactivity and self-regulation of attention. In particular, I propose that individuals with more optimal autonomic regulation and reactivity, and more effective self-regulation of attention benefit from eye contact. Individuals who are less well regulated and over- or under-reactive and who do not employ effective strategies of self-regulation of attention may not benefit from eye contact and may perform better when eye contact is absent. I present some studies that justify the proposed hypothesis and point to a method that could be employed to test them. This approach could help to better understand the complex mechanisms underlying the individual differences in participant’s cognitive performance during tasks engaging executive functions.

scholarly journals Obesity in Children and Adolescents during COVID-19 Pandemic

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Androniki Stavridou ◽  
Evangelia Kapsali ◽  
Eleni Panagouli ◽  
Athanasios Thirios ◽  
Konstantinos Polychronis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Sugary Drinks ◽  
Precautionary Measures ◽  
Obesity In Children

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to special circumstances and changes to everyday life due to the worldwide measures that were imposed such as lockdowns. This review aims to evaluate obesity in children, adolescents and young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A literature search was conducted to evaluate pertinent studies up to 10 November 2020. Results: A total of 15 articles were eligible; 9 identified 17,028,111 children, adolescents and young adults from 5–25 years old, 5 pertained to studies with an age admixture (n = 20,521) and one study included parents with children 5–18 years old (n = 584). During the COVID-19 era, children, adolescents and young adults gained weight. Changes in dietary behaviors, increased food intake and unhealthy food choices including potatoes, meat and sugary drinks were noted during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Food insecurity associated with financial reasons represents another concern. Moreover, as the restrictions imposed reduced movements out of the house, physical activity was limited, representing another risk factor for weight gain. Conclusions: COVID-19 restrictions disrupted the everyday routine of children, adolescents and young adults and elicited changes in their eating behaviors and physical activity. To protect them, health care providers should highlight the risk of obesity and provide prevention strategies, ensuring also parental participation. Worldwide policies, guidelines and precautionary measures should ideally be established.

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors and Weight Gain

1988 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 755-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas G. Cantú ◽  
Joan S. Korek
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressants ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Appetite Control ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Relative Potential ◽  
Induce Weight Gain

Weight gain associated with antidepressant therapy is a common problem that often results in noncompliance. Some authors suggest that monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI) are less likely to produce weight gain than tricyclic antidepressants. This paper addresses the relative potential for weight gain with the MAOI. Assessing the potential for antidepressant-induced weight gain necessitates separating the weight changes associated with alterations in mood disorders from those due to drug-induced alterations in appetite control. The mechanisms of appetite control are reviewed briefly followed by proposed mechanisms by which the MAOI may alter this control. A literature review suggests that phenelzine is the MAOI most likely to induce weight gain; reports of isocarboxazid-induced weight gain are less common. There are no cases of tranylcypromine-induced weight gain in the literature that are clearly associated with the drug. The MAOI probably have different effects on the mechanisms of appetite control.

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