Abstract P208: Comparison of Hypertension and Treatment Prevalence Across Geographic Regions in Three National Surveys

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela M Thompson-Paul ◽  
Jason L Baumgardner ◽  
Cathleen Gillespie ◽  
Jing Fang ◽  
Fleetwood Loustalot
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
The South ◽  
The West ◽  
National Surveys ◽  
Treatment Prevalence ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance ◽  
Using Data ◽  
And Control

Background: Geographic disparities have been reported in prevalence, awareness, and treatment of hypertension. Several community-based national surveillance systems assess hypertension allowing for comparison of estimates. The objectives of this study were to compare hypertension estimates across surveys and to examine geographic differences in the findings. Methods: Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2010, the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) 2008, and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey (BRFSS) 2009, we calculated prevalence estimates of measured hypertension (an average systolic BP ≥140 mm Hg or an average diastolic BP ≥90 mm Hg or self-reported current use of BP-lowering medication), self-reported hypertension (having ever been told that one has hypertension), and treatment, nationally and regionally. Results: Nationally, 30.5% of adults have hypertension with higher prevalence in the Midwest (33.0%) and South (32.6%) and lower prevalence in the West (26.0%) and Northeast (28.0%) (NHANES). In all surveys, self-reported hypertension was highest in the South (range: 31.1% [NHIS] - 32.8% [NHANES],) and lowest in the West (range: 23.6% [NHIS] - 27.0% [BRFSS]). In all surveys and all regions, more than two-thirds of participants who were aware of their high blood pressure reported receiving treatment. Treatment prevalence was lowest in the West (range: 69.7% [NHIS] - 74.5% [BRFSS]), highest in the South in NHIS (77.5%) and BRFSS (81.4%), and highest in the Northeast in NHANES (78.3%). Conclusions: Similar estimates showing regional differences in measured and self-reported hypertension and treatment were found across all three national surveys. In addition, low treatment has been identified in regions with low prevalence. As recognized in many national initiatives (e.g., Million Hearts), improving hypertension treatment and control requires multi-level interventions across community and clinical settings.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Blood Stool Test Utilization for Colorectal Cancer Screening in Georgia, USA

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 569
Author(s):  
Benjamin E. Ansa ◽  
Nicollette Lewis ◽  
Zachary Hoffman ◽  
Biplab Datta ◽  
J. Aaron Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance ◽  
And Control

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent cancer and the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States (USA). Early screening has been demonstrated to improve clinical outcomes for CRC. Assessing patterns in CRC screening utilization is important for guiding policy and implementing programs for CRC prevention and control. This study examines the trends and sociodemographic factors associated with blood stool test utilization (BSTU) for CRC screening in Georgia, USA. The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data were analyzed for Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC) in BSTU between 1997 and 2014 among adults aged 50+ who have had a blood stool test within the past two years, and logistic regression analysis of the 2016 data was performed to identify the associated sociodemographic factors. In Georgia, an overall decrease was observed in BSTU, from 27.8% in 1997 to 16.1% in 2014 (AAPC = −2.6, p = 0.023). The decrease in BSTU was less pronounced in Georgia than nationally (from 26.1% in 1997 to 12.8% in 2014 (AAPC = −4.5, p < 0.001)). BSTU was significantly associated with black race/ethnicity (Black vs. White (aOR = 1.43, p = 0.015)), older age (≥70 vs. 50–59 (aOR = 1.62, p = 0.006)), having insurance coverage (no vs. yes (aOR = 0.37 p = 0.005)), and lower income (≥USD 50,000 vs. <USD 25,000 (aOR = 0.70 p = 0.050)). These findings reveal a decrease over time in BSTU in Georgia, with existing differences between sociodemographic groups. Understanding these patterns helps in directing tailored programs for promoting CRC screening, especially among disadvantaged populations.

Evaluating Chronic Disease Surveillance Systems: Lessons Learned From Applying a Framework to Assess the Alaska Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 420-431
Author(s):  
Katie Cueva ◽  
Andrea Fenaughty ◽  
Jessica Aulasa Liendo ◽  
Samantha Hyde-Rolland
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factor ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance ◽  
Risk Factor Surveillance

Chronic diseases with behavioral risk factors are now the leading causes of death in the United States. A national Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) monitors those risk factors; however, there is a need for national and state evaluations of chronic disease surveillance systems. The Department of Health and Human Services/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has developed a framework on evaluating noncommunicable disease–related surveillance systems; however, no implementation of this framework has yet been published. This article describes the process of, and offers lessons learned from, implementing the evaluation framework to assess the Alaska BRFSS. This implementation evaluation may inform assessments of other state and regional chronic disease surveillance systems and offers insight on the positive potential to consult key stakeholders to guide evaluation priorities.

scholarly journals Do Spatial Boundaries Matter for Exploring the Impact of Community Green Spaces on Health?

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 7529
Author(s):  
Jong Cheol Shin ◽  
Mei-Po Kwan ◽  
Diana S. Grigsby-Toussaint
Keyword(s):  
Green Space ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Health Promoting Behaviors ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

Green space exposure is thought to have a positive influence on physical activity behavior and overall health. However, the literature remains equivocal, and green space measurement methods remain complicated. Using data from the Illinois Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, this study examines the influence of green space on health-related factors, such as exercise, physical health, and mental health. Moreover, we explore the methods for measuring community green space via various spatial boundaries and green space resources. The results show that combining two contextually designated census boundaries and a measure of green space with seasonality were the best spatial conceptualizations for capturing community green space. Moreover, the findings showed a positive influence of green space exposure on health outcomes. These findings highlight the importance of considering geographic contexts of daily human behaviors and green space seasonality in providing a better understanding of the influence of community activity space on environmental exposure measurement. Further, this work contributes to community planning for encouraging health-promoting behaviors.

scholarly journals Caregivers' Cannabis Use: Does Burden Lead to Blunts?

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 511-511
Author(s):  
Kanika Arora
Keyword(s):  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Marijuana Use ◽  
Informal Caregiving ◽  
Care Recipient ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance ◽  
Risk Factor Surveillance ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Research on risky health behaviors among caregivers is limited. In this paper, we examine the association between informal caregiving and marijuana use and whether this association varies by age. Using data from Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (2016-2019), a multivariable logistic regression model compared marijuana use in “caregivers” and “expectant caregivers.” We stratified the analyses by age and also assessed the association between caregiving intensity and marijuana use. Among younger individuals (18-49 years), informal caregiving was associated with higher odds of marijuana use. In this group, higher prevalence of marijuana use was positively associated with care intensity. There was no detectable association between caregiving and marijuana use among older individuals (50 years or older). Health behaviors among caregivers differ by age. Combined exposure to informal caregiving and marijuana in young adulthood may lead to adverse long-term health consequences. Immediate effects of marijuana use may negatively influence care recipient outcomes.

scholarly journals Trends and opportunities in tick-borne disease geography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine A. Lippi ◽  
Sadie J. Ryan ◽  
Alexis L. White ◽  
Holly D. Gaff ◽  
Colin J. Carlson
Keyword(s):  
One Health ◽  
Health Surveillance ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Medical Entomology ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Tick Borne Disease ◽  
Using Data ◽  
And Control ◽  
Future Work

AbstractTick-borne diseases are a growing problem in many parts of the world, and their surveillance and control touches on challenging issues in medical entomology, agricultural health, veterinary medicine, and biosecurity. Spatial approaches can be used to synthesize the data generated by integrative One Health surveillance systems, and help stakeholders, managers, and medical geographers understand the current and future distribution of risk. Here, we performed a systematic review of over 8,000 studies, and identified a total of 303 scientific publications that map tick-borne diseases using data on vectors, pathogens, and hosts (including wildlife, livestock, and human cases). We find that the field is growing rapidly, with the major Ixodes-borne diseases (Lyme disease and tick-borne encephalitis in particular) giving way to monitoring efforts that encompass a broader range of threats. We find a tremendous diversity of methods used to map tick-borne disease, but also find major gaps: data on the enzootic cycle of tick-borne pathogens is severely underutilized, and mapping efforts are mostly limited to Europe and North America. We suggest that future work can readily apply available methods to track the distributions of tick-borne diseases in Africa and Asia, following a One Health approach that combines medical and veterinary surveillance for maximum impact.

When American Adults Do Move, How Do They Do So? Trends in Physical Activity Intensity, Type, and Modality: 1988–2017

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Matthew A. Ladwig ◽  
Christopher N. Sciamanna ◽  
Brandon J. Auer ◽  
Tamara K. Oser ◽  
Jonathan G. Stine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Physical Activity Intensity ◽  
Activity Intensity ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance ◽  
Risk Factor Surveillance ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Sport And Exercise ◽  
Over Time

Background: Few Americans accumulate enough physical activity (PA) to realize its benefits. Understanding how and why individuals use their discretionary time for different forms of PA could help identify and rectify issues that drive individuals away from certain physical activities, and leverage successful strategies to increase participation in others. Methods: The authors analyzed approximately 30 years of changes in PA behavior by intensity, type, and mode, using data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Results: Since 1988, the proportions of adults most frequently engaging in exercise, sport, or lifestyle physical activity have changed noticeably. The most apparent changes from 1988 to 2017 were the proportions most frequently engaging in Exercise and Sport. In addition, the proportion of time reportedly spent in vigorous-intensity PA decreased over time, particularly among male respondents. Moreover, the proportion of Americans reporting an “Other” PA mode increased substantially, suggesting a growing need for a greater variety of easily accessible options for adult PA. Conclusions: Over time, a smaller proportion of American adults reported participating in sport and exercise modalities and reported engaging more frequently in low-intensity physical activities.

scholarly journals LOOKING FORWARD: BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS (BRFSS) CAREGIVING DATA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S189-S189
Author(s):  
Lisa C McGuire
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factor ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance ◽  
Risk Factor Surveillance ◽  
Aging Program ◽  
Control And Prevention

Abstract The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), through its Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), collects data on caregivers and the caregiving situation as well as many health behaviors, annually. The BRFSS is the world’s largest ongoing health survey, administered in all 50 U.S. states, as well as the District of Columbia and the three U.S. territories, with data collected from more than 400,000 respondents. In 2015-2017, the 9-item caregiving module was administered in 44 states, DC, and Puerto Rico on the BRFSS. CDC’s Alzheimer’s Disease and Healthy Aging Program has developed many data for action resources for use by states and other partners to help identify populations and communities most at need. This presentation will describe future enhancements with the BRFSS caregiving module and the series CDC developed resources to facilitate date utilization, including state-specific infographics, data briefs, and the online data portal.

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