Abstract 13769: Assessing the Risk for Cardiovascular Diseases According to Lipoprotein(a) Levels

Introduction: There is no common opinion about threshold lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] concentration for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) risk. Different clinical guidelines and consensus documents postulated cut-off Lp(a) level as 30 mg/dL or 50 mg/dL. We assessed the concentration of Lp(a) that associated with ASCVD of different locations. Methods: The study included 1224 patients with ASCVD. Lp(a) concentration was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in serum. Patients were divided into 3 groups: group I - Lp(a)<30 mg/dL, group II - 30≤Lp(a)<50 mg/dL, group III - Lp(a)≥50 mg/dL (table). Results: Coronary heart disease, carotid artery disease, lower extremity artery disease, myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke were diagnosed in 61%; 34%; 23%; 42% and 11% patients, respectively. Lower extremity artery disease, carotid artery disease and myocardial infarction were more frequent in patients with Lp(a) concentration from 30 to 50 mg/dL compared to patients with Lp(a) <30 mg/dL: 36%, 41%, 48% vs. 17%, 30%, 36% respectively, p<0.01 for all. Subjects with Lp(a) 30-50 mg/dL (n=182, 15%) had a greater odds ratio of lower extremity artery disease, carotid artery disease and myocardial infarction compared to patients with Lp(a) <30 mg/dL (table). ROC analysis demonstrated that Lp(a) cut-off levels for lower extremity artery disease, carotid artery disease, coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction were 26; 21; 37 and 36 mg/dL, respectively. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that in case of Lp(a) cut-off level of 50 mg/dL about 15% of patients are underestimated for the risk of ASCVD. Lp(a) cut-off level for ASCVD is between 20 and 40 mg/dL regarding the atherosclerosis location.

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Coronary artery disease associated with Carotid artery disease and lower extremity peripheral artery disease: Preliminary result study

Ultraschall in der Medizin - European Journal of Ultrasound ◽

10.1055/s-0036-1587969 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 37 (S 01) ◽

Author(s):

O Doryforou ◽

A Sakalidis ◽

C Ververeli ◽

N Kouvelas ◽

N Gidarakos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Carotid Artery ◽

Lower Extremity ◽

Peripheral Artery Disease ◽

Carotid Artery Disease ◽

Peripheral Artery ◽

Artery Disease

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No causal effects of plasma homocysteine levels on the risk of coronary heart disease or acute myocardial infarction: A Mendelian randomization study

European Journal of Preventive Cardiology ◽

10.1177/2047487319894679 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 204748731989467 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Liu Miao ◽

Guo-Xiong Deng ◽

Rui-Xing Yin ◽

Rong-Jun Nie ◽

Shuo Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Mendelian Randomization ◽

Plasma Homocysteine ◽

Sensitivity Analyses ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Genome Wide ◽

Artery Disease

Background Although many observational studies have shown an association between plasma homocysteine levels and cardiovascular diseases, controversy remains. In this study, we estimated the role of increased plasma homocysteine levels on the etiology of coronary heart disease and acute myocardial infarction. Methods A two-sample Mendelian randomization study on disease was conducted, i.e. “coronary heart disease” ( n = 184,305) and “acute myocardial infarction” ( n = 181,875). Nine single nucleotide polymorphisms, which were genome-wide significantly associated with plasma homocysteine levels in 57,644 subjects from the Coronary ARtery DIsease Genome wide Replication and Meta-analysis (CARDIoGRAM) plus The Coronary Artery Disease (C4D) Genetics (CARDIoGRAMplusC4D) consortium genome-wide association study and were known to be associated at p < 5×10–8, were used as an instrumental variable. Results None of the nine single nucleotide polymorphisms were associated with coronary heart disease or acute myocardial infarction ( p > 0.05 for all). Mendelian randomization analysis revealed no causal effects of plasma homocysteine levels, either on coronary heart disease (inverse variance weighted; odds ratio = 1.015, 95% confidence interval = 0.923–1.106, p = 0.752) or on acute myocardial infarction (inverse variance weighted; odds ratio = 1.037, 95% confidence interval = 0.932–1.142, p = 0.499). The results were consistent in sensitivity analyses using the weighted median and Mendelian randomization-Egger methods, and no directional pleiotropy ( p = 0.213 for coronary heart disease and p = 0.343 for acute myocardial infarction) was observed. Sensitivity analyses confirmed that plasma homocysteine levels were not significantly associated with coronary heart disease or acute myocardial infarction. Conclusions The findings from this Mendelian randomization study indicate no causal relationship between plasma homocysteine levels and coronary heart disease or acute myocardial infarction. Conflicting findings from observational studies might have resulted from residual confounding or reverse causation.

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Prediction of atherosclerosis in children and the possibility of early prevention of coronary heart disease

Kazan medical journal ◽

10.17816/kazmj70131 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 80 (4) ◽

pp. 296-297

Author(s):

O. I. Pikuza ◽

V. N. Oslopov ◽

H. M. Vakhitov ◽

A. A. Babushkina ◽

S. E. Nikolsky

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Childhood And Adolescence ◽

Early Prevention ◽

Cerebrovascular Pathology ◽

Artery Disease

Cardiovascular diseases caused by atherosclerosis (coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular pathology, etc.) are responsible for 40-50% of all deaths in adults. Of particular concern to clinicians is the emerging unfavorable tendency to "rejuvenate" these diseases. Currently, the fact that atherosclerosis (AS) begins to form in childhood and adolescence is indisputable.

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Association of apolipoprotein E polymorphism, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and coronary artery disease.

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/32.5.778 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 32 (5) ◽

pp. 778-781 ◽

Cited By ~ 115

Author(s):

H J Lenzen ◽

G Assmann ◽

R Buchwalsky ◽

H Schulte

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Apolipoprotein E ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Low Density ◽

Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism ◽

Artery Disease

Abstract We determined the frequencies of genetic apolipoprotein E isoforms in 570 survivors of myocardial infarction, all with demonstrable coronary heart disease, as compared with 624 healthy persons. In controls, E-4/E-3 heterozygosity was associated with total cholesterol concentrations of 1985 (SD 364) mg/L and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol concentrations of 1306 (SD 332) mg/L. Significantly lower values, 1811 (SD 312) mg/L and 1121 (SD 274) mg/L, respectively, were observed for E-3/E-2 heterozygous persons. In survivors of myocardial infarction, the respective values were significantly higher than in controls, differing between E-4/E-3 and E-3/E-2 heterozygous patients by 233 and 220 mg/L, respectively. Moreover, E-4/E-3 heterozygosity was accompanied by earlier age of myocardial infarction (48.8 +/- 7.4 years) as compared with E-3/E-2 heterozygosity (53.4 +/- 6.9 years) and E-3/E-3 homozygosity (51.2 +/- 7.7 years). Evidently, apolipoprotein E polymorphism can contribute to total and LDL-cholesterol concentrations in serum, thereby affecting risk of coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction.

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CARDIOVASCULAR RISK LOWERING THERAPY IS UNDERUTILIZED IN LOWER EXTREMITY ARTERY DISEASE PATIENTS TREATED FOR ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

Journal of Hypertension ◽

10.1097/01.hjh.0000539834.08309.ea ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. e286

Author(s):

V. Baracsi-Botos ◽

V. Szoke ◽

T. Palfi ◽

K. Stampfel ◽

Z. Jarai

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Lower Extremity ◽

Lowering Therapy ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Lower Extremity Artery Disease

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Comparative Study between Diabetic and non- Diabetic Patients Regarding Prevalence of Coronary Artery Disease and Plaque Composition by Multi-detector CT Coronary Angiography

QJM ◽

10.1093/qjmed/hcaa068.015 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

H A Morsy ◽

L A Habib ◽

E H Abdeldayem ◽

A I Sayed

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Diabetic Group ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Msct Angiography

Abstract Diabetes is known to be a major cardiovascular risk factor associated with significantly increased morbidity and mortality and particularly increased risk of major cardiac events especially myocardial infarction as a manifestation of highly incident coronary artery disease (CAD).This can lead to decreased life expectation and life quality. Major cause for myocardial infarction is plaque rupture. Prevalence of obstructive and non-obstructive plaques is increased in diabetic patients. Background and Objectives The prevalence of coronary heart disease in diabetic patients compared to non- diabetics and evaluating the composition of the plaque in diseased individuals in both groups by usage of multislice computed tomography (MSCT) angiography . Subjects and Methods A total of 80 consecutive MSCT angiography examinations were performed between August 2017 and June 2018. Of these, the patients were evaluated for the presence and type of atherosclerotic plaque and severity of luminal narrowing. Results Eighty (40 in the diabetic group and 40 in the non-diabetic group) patients underwent MSCT angiography with DM prevalence of 0.212 (95% Cl for AOR 0.056 -1.896). Among them, 20 patients (50 %) in the diabetic group and 14 patients (35 %) in the non-diabetic group had +ve coronary heart disease, 33.3 % had significant and moderately significant coronary narrowing on diabetic group and 31.3 % in non-diabetic group on MSCT angiography. Diabetic patients had more soft plaque compared with non-diabetic patients. Conclusion DM is not an independent factor for the disease occurrence in coronary artery disease but is a dependent factor in the association of other risk factors such as smoking ,hypertension and dyslipidemia.

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Focused screening for occult carotid artery disease: patients with known heart disease are at high risk

Journal of Vascular Surgery ◽

10.1016/j.jvs.2003.07.008 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 44-50 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Caron B Rockman ◽

Glenn R Jacobowitz ◽

Paul J Gagne ◽

Mark A Adelman ◽

Patrick J Lamparello ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Disease ◽

High Risk ◽

Carotid Artery ◽

Carotid Artery Disease ◽

Artery Disease

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Micro-RNA as a predictor of cardiovascular diseases

Лечащий врач ◽

10.51793/os.2021.24.7.007 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

У.А. Халилова ◽

В.В. Скворцов

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Plaque Rupture ◽

Micro Rna ◽

Atheromatous Plaque ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Fibrous Matrix ◽

Unstable Plaques

Сердечно-сосудистые заболевания, особенно ишемическая болезнь сердца (ИБС), являются наиболее распространенными заболеваниями во всем мире. Более 50% смертности приходится на данную патологию. В последние десятилетия существует тенденция к «омоложению» сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний – прежде всего гипертонической болезни и ИБС, что вызывает особую тревогу. Общепризнано, что основным этиологическим моментом развития ИБС является атеросклероз. ИБС включает в себя целый ряд клинических диагнозов (стенокардия, инфаркт миокарда и т. д.) и связана с атеросклерозом, распространенным дегенеративным заболеванием, при котором липиды и фиброзный матрикс откладываются в артериальной стенке с формированием атероматозной бляшки. Разрыв нестабильных бляшек в коронарных артериях приводит к высвобождению тромбогенного содержимого в просвет сосуда, приводя к тромбозу коронарных артерий, окклюзии и последующему инфаркту миокарда – критическому состоянию с высокой смертностью [5]. Несмотря на большое количество известных факторов риска, влияющих на развитие данного заболевания, существуют данные, подтвержденные крупными исследованиями, о наличии генетической предрасположенности к нему. Cardiovascular diseases, especially coronary heart disease (CHD), are the most common diseases worldwide. More than 50% of mortality occurs in this pathology. In recent decades, there is a tendency to «rejuvenate» cardiovascular diseases – primarily hypertension and СHD, which is of particular concern [6, 8]. It is generally recognized that atherosclerosis is the main etiological moment in the development of coronary heart disease. CHD includes a number of clinical diagnoses (angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, etc.) and is associated with atherosclerosis, a common degenerative disease in which lipids and the fibrous matrix are deposited in the arterial wall with the formation of an atheromatous plaque. Rupture of unstable plaques in the coronary arteries leads to the release of thrombogenic contents into the lumen of the vessel, leading to coronary artery thrombosis, occlusion and subsequent myocardial infarction, critical state with high mortality [5]. Despite the large number of known risk factors affecting the development of this disease, there is evidence, confirmed by large studies, about the presence of a genetic predisposition to this disease.

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Theranostic Applications of Nanomaterials in the Field of Cardiovascular Diseases

Current Pharmaceutical Design ◽

10.2174/1381612827666210701154305 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

Author(s):

Rakesh K Sahoo ◽

Himani Singh ◽

Kamlesh Thakur ◽

Umesh Gupta ◽

Amit K Goyal

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Large Percentage ◽

Diagnosis And Treatment ◽

Profound Knowledge ◽

Theranostic Applications ◽

Carbon Based

: A large percentage of people are being exposed to mortality due to cardiovascular diseases. Convention approaches have not provided satisfactory outcomes in the management of these diseases. To overcome the limitations of conventional approaches, nanomaterials like nanoparticles, nanotubes, micelles, lipid based nanocarriers, dendrimers, carbon based nano-formulations represent the new aspect of diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The unique inherent properties of the nanomaterials are the major reasons for their rapidly growing demand in the field of medicine. Profound knowledge in the field of nanotechnology and biomedicine is needed for the notable translation of nanomaterials into theranostic cardiovascular applications. In this review, the authors have summarized different nanomaterials which are being extensively used to diagnose and treat the diseases such as coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis, stroke and thrombosis.

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