Abstract 49: Blood Pressure is Correlated with Arterial Stiffness in Previous Preterm Preeclamptics

Hypertension ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A Hale ◽  
Carole McBride ◽  
Ira M Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Nulliparous Women ◽  
History Of ◽  
Artery Flow ◽  
Flow Waveforms ◽  
The Relationship

Blood pressure (BP) and arterial stiffness are known to be correlated and have independent value in assessing risk for future cardiovascular disease. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the relationship between arterial stiffness, as measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV), and BP, in nulliparous women (CTL) as compared to women with a history of preterm preeclampsia (PE). Twenty-eight nulliparous women and 19 PEs were evaluated during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. There were no differences in age: CTL: 30.9 ± 0.9 vs. PE: 31.3 ± 1.1 yrs, p = 0.78. BMI was significantly lower in CTL: 24.4 ± 1.1 vs. PE: 28.5 ± 1.6 kg/m 2 , p = 0.02. Time interval from delivery to evaluation in PE was 2.46 ± 0.29 yrs. PWV was measured using simultaneous electrocardiographic tracings and ultrasound determined arterial flow waveforms and calculated as the estimated distance divided by the time interval between EKG r-wave peak and ultrasound derived peak popliteal artery flow. Beat to beat BPs were measured in the seated position using the Finapres Pro and averaged over one minute. The data are expressed as mean ± SE. P < 0.05 accepted for significance. MAP was significantly lower in CTLs than in PEs: 87.7 ± 1.4 vs PE: 94.4 ± 2.4, p = 0.02. There was no difference in PWV between CTL and PE: CTL: 2.51 ± 0.05, PE: 2.52 ± 0.06, p = 0.88. Pulse pressure was significantly correlated with PWV in PEs, but not in CTLs, CTL: r = 0.26, p = 0.18, PE: r = 0.54, p = 0.02. Systolic BP was significantly correlated in both CTL and PE with PWV: CTL: r = 0.43, p = 0.02, PE: r = 0.53, p = 0.02. There was a trend for a significant positive correlation between diastolic BP and PWV in the PE group, but not in the CTL: r = 0.11, p = 0.57, PE: r = 0.44, p = 0.06. The same trend existed in the PE for MAP and PWV: CTL: r = 0.27, p = 0.17, PE: 0.44, p = 0.06. For women who have had previous PE, a significant relationship exists between BP and arterial stiffness, while women who have not had a pregnancy do not exhibit this relationship. Pregnancy likely unmasks subclinical cardiovascular derangement resulting in PE, and persisting years beyond delivery. Our observations suggest that for women who have had prior PE evaluating the relationship between arterial stiffness and BP may be more informative for cardiovascular risk than assessing PWV alone.

scholarly journals Body Mass Index and Arterial Stiffness Are Associated With Greater Beat-to-Beat Blood Pressure Variability After Transient Ischemic Attack or Minor Stroke

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alastair J.S. Webb ◽  
Amy Lawson ◽  
Sara Mazzucco ◽  
Linxin Li ◽  
Peter M. Rothwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Blood Pressure Variability ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Ischemic Attack ◽  
The Relationship

Background and Purpose: Blood pressure variability (BPV) from beat to beat is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events and enables rapid assessment of BPV, but the underlying causes of elevated BPV are unclear. Methods: In consecutive patients within 4 to 6 weeks of transient ischemic attack or nondisabling stroke (OXVASC [Oxford Vascular Study]), continuous noninvasive blood pressure was measured beat to beat over 5 minutes (Finometer). Arterial stiffness was measured by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (Sphygmocor). After automated and manual data cleaning, associations between BPV (residual coefficient of variation), demographic factors, and arterial stiffness were determined for both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, by ANOVA and linear models. Relationships between demographic factors and arterial stiffness were determined by interaction terms and mediation. Results: Among 1013 patients, 54 (5.3%) were in AF, and 51 (5%) had low-quality recordings. In a general linear model including the remaining 908 participants, systolic BPV (SBPV) was most strongly associated with age ( P =0.00003), body mass index (BMI; P =0.003), and arterial stiffness ( P =0.008), with weaker independent associations with current smoking ( P =0.01) and a low diastolic blood pressure ( P =0.046). However, while there was a linear increase in SBPV with BMI in men, in women, SBPV was lowest for a BMI in the normal range but was greater below 20 or above 30 (ANOVA, P =0.012; BMI-sex interaction, P =0.03). Although BMI and pulse wave velocity were partially independent, increased pulse wave velocity mediated ≈32% of the relationship between increased BMI and SBPV ( P <0.001). Conclusions: Vascular aging, manifest as arterial stiffness, was a strong determinant of increased SBPV and partially mediated the effect of increased BMI. However, although high BMI was independently associated with SBPV in both sexes, a low BMI was associated with increased SBPV only in women. SBPV may partially mediate the relationship between BMI and cardiovascular events, while obesity may provide a modifiable target to reduce SBPV and cardiovascular events.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Impact of Cervical Excision Procedure on Delivery Mode

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min YUAN ◽  
Jian-hong WU ◽  
Chun-liu ZHANG ◽  
Fan YANG ◽  
Zhi-yao WEI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Membrane ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Delivery Mode ◽  
Forceps Delivery ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Nulliparous Women ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Many young women with a history of prior cervical excision procedure have reproductive intention. However, the relationship between having a prior cervical excision procedure and delivery mode has not drawn enough attention from physicians. The aim of this study was to observe the delivery mode of women with a prior cervical excision procedure, and analyze the relationship between having a prior cervical excision procedure and delivery mode.Methods: In this retrospective cohort study of nulliparous women with a singleton pregnancy who have given birth at Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University between May 2016 and April 2018, delivery mode of women with a history of prior cervical excision procedure were compared with those without such a history. Bivariable analysis were performed to identify whether there was a correlation between having a prior cervical excision procedure and delivery mode, and logistic regression were used modeling on cervical excision procedure for delivery mode outcome.Results: (1) The proportion of premature rupture of fetal membrane (38.3% vs 27.0%, p=0.034) , forceps delivery (12.2% vs 5.9%, p=0.043), and Caesarean sections delivery (33.9% vs. 30.2%,p=0.484 ) were higher among women with a prior cervical excision procedure. (2) The main indication for forceps delivery was to shorten the second stage of labor among women with a prior cervical excision procedure, significantly higher (50% vs 7.7%, p=0.033) among women without such a history. There were no differences in indications for Caesarean sections delivery in two groups (p>0.05). (3) The time interval between cervical excision procedure and pregnancy was not associated with delivery mode (p=0.445). (4) By setting spontaneous labor as control, forceps delivery was associated with cervical excision procedure (OR=0.403, 95%CI=0.179-0.906, p=0.028).Conclusions: Our findings revealed a relationship between having a prior cervical excision procedure and delivery mode. Women with a prior cervical excision procedure were at an increased risk of forceps delivery. The time interval between cervical excision procedure and pregnancy did not affect delivery mode.

scholarly journals Insulin resistance and arterial stiffness: impact of gestational diabetes on pulse wave velocity

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 2895
Author(s):  
Aissatou Seck ◽  
Fatou Diallo Agne ◽  
Abibatou Sall Fall ◽  
Fatou Binetou Sar ◽  
Valentin Ouedraogo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
History Of

Background: Gestational diabetes is an intolerance of glucose with the first appearance during the pregnancy. This hyperglycaemia status, because of the pre-existing insulin-resistance, constitute a favourable land of arterial stiffness. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of non obese gestational diabetes on arterial stiffness by measuring the pulse wave velocity (PWV).Methods: We recruited 60 pregnant women aged from 20 to 35 years old. They were between twentieth four and thirtieth five weeks of gestational age. Subjects were divided into two groups: the first group (G1), considered as control group, included 25 normoglycemic pregnant subjects without any history of illness or risk factors of gestational diabetes; the second group (G2) included 35 women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM). All pregnant women had not history of smoking, were not taking decoction or medicine, which could disturb pregnancy evolution. Anthropo-physiological and biochemical parameters studied, were: age, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), triglyceride, cholesterol and HOMA-IR index. The PWV between finger and toe (PWVft) was measured by pOpmètre®.Results: The two groups are matched by age (G1:28±4ans; G2:29±3ans) and BMI (G1:25.6±1.27; G2:26.9±1.3). Blood pressure (BP) values are in normal interval (systolic BP: [110-132mmHg]; diastolic BP: [63-87mmHg]; mean BP: [79-103mmHg]). Total cholesterol (G1:0.95±0.08;G2:2.4±0.7; p˂0.0001), HDL cholesterol (G1:0.44±0.02; G2:0.76±0.2; p˂0.0001, LDL cholesterol (G1:0.40±0.05; G2:1.3±0.5; p˂0.0001), triglyceride (G1:0.57±0.45; G2:1.6±0.4;p˂0.0001), HOMA.IR (G1:1.31±1.05; G2:7.4±1.07; p˂0.01), PWVft (G1:5.99±1.23; G2:10.3±1.9; p˂0.0001) are significantly higher in diabetic group. PWVft is positively correlate to HOMA-IR index, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides (r=0.3348, p=0.032; r=0.5275, p˂0.0001; r=0.4855,p˂0.0001; r=0.5581, p˂0.0001respectively).Conclusions: Gestational diabetes might induce an increase of pulse wave velocity expressing increment of arterial stiffness. This last constitute an early underlying cardiovascular risk. 

Abstract MP048: Partner Violence is Associated with Higher Blood Pressure in Men and Women

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cari J Clark ◽  
Susan A Everson-Rose ◽  
Resnick Michael ◽  
Iris Borowsky ◽  
Sonya S Brady ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Male Victims ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Conflict Tactics Scales ◽  
History Of ◽  
Conflict Tactics ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Revised Conflict Tactics Scales

Introduction: Women are more likely to experience distress and injury from intimate partner violence (IPV), and may also be at greater risk of higher blood pressure than male victims. However, most prior epidemiologic research has not included men and has not examined perpetation, despite the predominance of mutually violent relationships. Therefore, this study investigates sex differences in the relationship between exposure to IPV victimization and perpetration and systolic blood pressure (SB). Methods: The study included 3447 (52% female; mean(sd) age=22(3)) participants of Waves 3 (2001–2002) and 4 (2007) of the publically-available subset of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Frequency of psychological, physical, sexual IPV and IPV-related injury were ascertained with the Revised Conflict Tactics Scales at Wave 3. Exposure to IPV was categorized as no IPV victimization or perpetration (ref), only low victimization and / or perpetration, high victimization and low/no perpetration, high perpetration and low/no victimization, and both high victimization and perpetration. SBP was measured at Wave 4 using standard procedures. Potential confounders (age, educational attainment, race, history of child abuse) and mediators (depressive symptoms, breakfast consumption, moderate physical exercise, BMI, smoking, alcohol consumption) were recorded at Wave 3. Multivariable weighted linear regression was used to test the relationship between SBP and IPV by adjusting for confounders then by adjusting for the proposed mediators. Analyses were stratified by sex and a multiplicative term was tested. Results: Approximately 30% of the sample reported IPV exposure (n=2050), of which 23% (n=831) experienced low victimization and or perpetration, 5% (n=157) high victimization, 6% (N=203) high perpetration, 6% (n=206) both high victimization and perpetration. Women were slightly more likely to report high perpetration and both high victimization and high perpetration (p<0.01). In separate models controlling for confounders, experiencing both high victimization and perpetration was associated with 4.02 mmHg SBP higher in men (95% CI: 0.32, 7.72) and 2.51 mmHg SBP higher in women (95% CI: 0.18, 4.84) compared to those with no IPV. In addition, reporting high perpetration was associated with 3.83 mmHg higher SBP in men (95% CI: –0.72, 8.38), while high victimization was associated with 2.94 mmHg higher SBP for women (95% CI: –0.61, 6.49). Further adjustment for the hypothesized mediators slightly attenuated the findings. The multiplicative term (IPV X sex) was marginally significant (p=0.09). Conclusions: Exposure to high levels of victimization and perpetration is associated with higher levels of SBP for men and women. High victimization alone is related to higher SBP for women while high perpetration is related to higher SBP for men.

Arterial Stiffness, Pulse Wave Analyses: What Can't Blood Pressure Tell you in Chronic Kidney Disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 244-249
Author(s):  
Antonio Bellasi ◽  
Paolo Salvi ◽  
Sergio Papagni ◽  
Emiliana Ferramosca ◽  
Carlo Ratti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave

scholarly journals The Emergence of Ambulatory Measurement of Arterial Stiffness and Central Blood Pressure. A Promising Novelty of Clinical Importance or Just Another Marker?

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-86
Author(s):  
A. Lazaridis ◽  
E. Gkaliagkousi ◽  
M. Doumas ◽  
A. Reklou ◽  
A. Karagiannis
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Integrated Assessment ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Brachial Blood Pressure ◽  
Ambulatory Measurement ◽  
The Everyday

Whereas brachial blood pressure (BP) is still considered the gold standard for the estimation of cardiovascular risk in all clinical trials and guidelines, scientific interest is shifting towards central hemodynamics and the scientific community is experiencing a whole new revolution with the emergence of novel cardiovascular markers such as the ambulatory measurement of central BP and arterial stiffness. Central BP has already started to demonstrate its superiority over peripheral BP as a better and more reliable predictor of end-organ damage in cardiovascular diseases. Furthermore, ambulatory measurement of central BP and pulse wave velocity are expected to add much more useful information towards a more integrated assessment of cardiovascular risk and profile. However, more research is required before these novel markers could be incorporated in the everyday practice of BP measurement.

Volume status and arterial blood pressures are associated with arterial stiffness in hemodialysis patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 378-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alper Erdan ◽  
Abdullah Ozkok ◽  
Nadir Alpay ◽  
Vakur Akkaya ◽  
Alaattin Yildiz
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Pressure ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Mean Blood Pressure ◽  
Aortic Blood ◽  
Aortic Blood Pressure

Background: Arterial stiffness is a strong predictor of mortality in hemodialysis patients. In this study, we aimed to investigate possible relations of arterial stiffness with volume status determined by bioimpedance analysis and aortic blood pressure parameters. Also, effects of a single hemodialysis session on these parameters were studied. Methods: A total of 75 hemodialysis patients (M/F: 43/32; mean age: 53 ± 17) were enrolled. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, and aortic pulse pressure were measured by applanation tonometry before and after hemodialysis. Extracellular fluid and total body fluid volumes were determined by bioimpedance analysis. Results: Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (9.30 ± 3.30 vs 7.59 ± 2.66 m/s, p < 0.001), augmentation index (24.52 ± 9.42 vs 20.28 ± 10.19, p < 0.001), and aortic pulse pressure (38 ± 14 vs 29 ± 8 mmHg, p < 0.001) significantly decreased after hemodialysis. Pre-dialysis carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity was associated with age (r2 = 0.15, p = 0.01), total cholesterol (r2 = 0.06, p = 0.02), peripheral mean blood pressure (r2 = 0.10, p = 0.005), aortic-mean blood pressure (r2 = 0.06, p = 0.02), aortic pulse pressure (r2 = 0.14, p = 0.001), and extracellular fluid/total body fluid (r2 = 0.30, p < 0.0001). Pre-dialysis augmentation index was associated with total cholesterol (r2 = 0.06, p = 0,02), aortic-mean blood pressure (r2 = 0.16, p < 0.001), and aortic pulse pressure (r2 = 0.22, p < 0.001). Δcarotid-femoral pulse wave velocity was associated with Δaortic-mean blood pressure (r2 = 0.06, p = 0.02) and inversely correlated with baseline carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (r2 = 0.29, p < 0.001). Pre-dialysis Δaugmentation index was significantly associated with Δaortic-mean blood pressure (r2 = 0.09, p = 0.009) and Δaortic pulse pressure (r2 = 0.06, p = 0.03) and inversely associated with baseline augmentation index (r2 = 0.14, p = 0.001). In multiple linear regression analysis (adjusted R2 = 0.46, p < 0.001) to determine the factors predicting Log carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, extracellular fluid/total body fluid and peripheral mean blood pressure significantly predicted Log carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (p = 0.001 and p = 0.006, respectively). Conclusion: Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, and aortic pulse pressure significantly decreased after hemodialysis. Arterial stiffness was associated with both peripheral and aortic blood pressure. Furthermore, reduction in arterial stiffness parameters was related to reduction in aortic blood pressure. Pre-dialysis carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity was associated with volume status determined by bioimpedance analysis. Volume control may improve not only the aortic blood pressure measurements but also arterial stiffness in hemodialysis patients.

Abstract P216: Elevated Blood Glutathione Does Not Reduce Arterial Stiffness or Central Blood Pressure in Healthy Males and Females

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brianna K Bruggeman ◽  
Katharine E Storo ◽  
Haley M Fair ◽  
Andrew J Wommack ◽  
James M Smoliga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Central Blood Pressure ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Healthy Males

Intro: Glutathione is endogenous within human plasma, erythrocyte lysate and is also bound to the protein within plasma. Glutathione mediates redox chemistry and prevents oxidative damage within and around cellular components via reduction of reactive species (e.g. reactive oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur species). Polyphenols and antioxidants have been shown to improve NO bioavailability which may reduce long term incidence of endothelial dysfunction. Less is known about whether changes in antioxidant capacity augments the risk of developing hypertension. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that acute glutathione supplementation would decrease arterial stiffness and reduce both brachial (bBP) and central blood pressure (cBP) in healthy male and female volunteers. Methods: Six males and six females (25 ± 3 and 22 ± 1 years, respectively) participated in a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled, crossover protocol. On two visits separated by 1 week, following a 12-hour fast, participants consumed either a placebo or glutathione (negligible and 200 mg, respectively) supplement via 90 second sublingual absorption which was then swallowed. Concentrations of oxidized (GSSG) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were spectrophotometrically measured in plasma (protein-bound) and erythrocyte lysate using a kinetic, enzymatic assay. Arterial stiffness was measured via pulse wave velocity (PWV) using applanation tonometry, and cBP was determined non-invasively using pulse wave analysis. All data were recorded before supplementation (baseline) and at 10, 30, 60 and 120 minutes post-consumption. Results: Linear mixed effect models revealed a significant (p<0.01) increase in total glutathione (GSH+GSSG) in the supplement group compared to placebo across all post-supplementation time points with the greatest increase occurring at 120 minutes (mean 99.0; 95%CI: 7.9,190.1). At 120 minutes post-consumption, no difference was present between glutathione and placebo groups for PWV (5.86 ± 1.19 and 6.08 ± 1.25 m/s, respectively; p=0.43), resting heart rate (52.95 ± 3.55 and 55.83 ± 6.36, respectively; p=0.16), systolic bBP (123.05 ± 12.75 and 123.13 ± 14.52 mmHg; p=0.22), diastolic bBP (71.81 ± 7.87 and 74.21 ± 6.53; p=0.48), systolic cBP (108.05 ± 10.45 and 108.68 ± 11.14 mmHg, respectively; p=0.11) and diastolic cBP (72.03 ± 7.82 and 74.94 ± 6.42 mmHg, respectively; p=0.46). Conclusion: Young healthy males and females experienced an increase in circulating humoral antioxidants in response to glutathione supplementation. However, supplementation had minimal effects on resting hemodynamics. Future research should examine glutathione supplementation’s effect in participants with decreased antioxidant capacity and increased oxidative stress including patients with known disease such as hypertension or peripheral artery disease.

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