Body mass index and white matter lesions in elderly women. An 18-year longitudinal study

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Gustafson ◽  
B. Steen ◽  
I. Skoog
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
White Matter Lesions ◽  
Vascular Risk Factor ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Blood Pressures

Background: We investigated the longitudinal relationship between body mass index (BMI), a major vascular risk factor, and white matter lesions (WMLs) in older women.Methods: Twenty-seven Swedish women were followed from age 70 to 88. Measurements of BMI, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures were conducted at 70, 75, 79, 85, and 88 years. WMLs were measured using computerized tomography at age 85 and 88 (85/88).Results: Women with any WMLs at age 85/88 had higher BMI at age 70 (p=0.003) and 75 (p=0.006), compared to women without WMLs. Increasing severity of WMLs was related to BMI at age 70 (p<0.001), 75 (p<0.001), 79 (p=0.017), and 85 (p=0.025). After consideration of other vascular factors, BMI at age 70, 75, and 79 was most significantly related to WML at 85/88. Every 1.0 kg/m2 increase in BMI at age 70 increased risk of WMLs twofold.Conclusions: Overweight and obesity may be important contributors to the presence of WMLs in the elderly.

scholarly journals Traffic-Related Air Pollution and Child BMI—A Study of Prenatal Exposure to Nitrogen Oxides and Body Mass Index in Children at the Age of Four Years in Malmö, Sweden

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasper Frondelius ◽  
Anna Oudin ◽  
Ebba Malmqvist
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Prenatal Exposure ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Childhood Overweight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Increased Risk

Traffic-related air pollution could be a danger to the health of children. Earlier studies have linked prenatal exposure to an increased risk of a range of diseases and negative health outcomes, including overweight and obesity. Presently, a knowledge gap exists in investigating the risk of overweight and obesity among children exposed to lower levels of air pollution in utero. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between prenatal traffic-related air pollution (nitrogen dioxides (NOx) and traffic density) and childhood overweight and obesity in Malmö, Sweden. A cohort, based on attendance of a four-year check-up examination at Swedish Child Health Care (CHC) centers, and a parent-assessed questionnaire provided data on body-mass index adjusted for four-year-old children (ISO-BMI) as well as socioeconomic and health variables. We estimated exposure by using traffic density and levels of NOx at the maternal geocoded residential level. Analysis of 5815 children was performed using binary logistic regression models. This study showed no associations of increased risk for childhood overweight or obesity through to prenatal exposure to NOx in this low-exposure setting. We further suggest analysis of risks related to exposure levels ranging between the ones presented here and those proposed in previous literature.

scholarly journals The Future Excess Fraction of Cancer Attributable to High Body Mass Index in Australia

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 194s-194s ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Carey ◽  
R. Norman ◽  
D. Whiteman ◽  
A. Reid ◽  
R. Neale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
High Body ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Burden

Background: High body mass index (BMI > 25 kg/m2) has been found to be associated with an increased risk of many cancers, including cancers of the colon and rectum, liver, and pancreas. Aim: This study aimed to estimate the future burden of cancer resulting from current levels of overweight and obesity in Australia. Methods: The future excess fraction method was used to estimate the future burden of cancer among the proportion of the Australian adult population who were overweight or obese in 2016. Calculations were conducted for 13 cancer types, including cancers of the colon, rectum, kidney, and liver. Results: The cohort of 18.7 million adult Australians in 2016 will develop ∼7.6 million cancers over their lifetime. Of these, ∼402,500 cancers (5.3%) will be attributable to current levels of overweight and obese. The majority of these will be postmenopausal breast cancers (n = 72,300), kidney cancers (n = 59,200), and colon cancers (n = 55,100). More than a quarter of future endometrial cancers (30.3%) and esophageal adenocarcinomas (35.8%) will be attributable to high body mass index. Conclusion: A significant proportion of future cancers will result from current levels of high body mass index. Our estimates are not directly comparable to past estimates of the burden from overweight and obesity because they describe different quantities - future cancers in currently exposed vs current cancers due to past exposures. The results of this study provide us with relevant up-to-date information about how many cancers in Australia could be prevented.

scholarly journals Physical activity modifies the risk of atrial fibrillation in obese individuals: The HUNT3 study

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (15) ◽  
pp. 1646-1652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars E Garnvik ◽  
Vegard Malmo ◽  
Imre Janszky ◽  
Ulrik Wisløff ◽  
Jan P Loennechen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Increased Risk

Background Atrial fibrillation is the most common heart rhythm disorder, and high body mass index is a well-established risk factor for atrial fibrillation. The objective of this study was to examine the associations of physical activity and body mass index and risk of atrial fibrillation, and the modifying role of physical activity on the association between body mass index and atrial fibrillation. Design The design was a prospective cohort study. Methods This study followed 43,602 men and women from the HUNT3 study in 2006–2008 until first atrial fibrillation diagnosis or end of follow-up in 2015. Atrial fibrillation diagnoses were collected from hospital registers and validated by medical doctors. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed to assess the association between physical activity, body mass index and atrial fibrillation. Results During a mean follow-up of 8.1 years (352,770 person-years), 1459 cases of atrial fibrillation were detected (4.1 events per 1000 person-years). Increasing levels of physical activity were associated with gradually lower risk of atrial fibrillation ( p trend 0.069). Overweight and obesity were associated with an 18% (hazard ratio 1.18, 95% confidence interval 1.03–1.35) and 59% (hazard ratio 1.59, 95% confidence interval 1.37–1.84) increased risk of atrial fibrillation, respectively. High levels of physical activity attenuated some of the higher atrial fibrillation risk in obese individuals (hazard ratio 1.53, 95% confidence interval 1.03–2.28 in active and 1.96, 95% confidence interval 1.44–2.67 in inactive) compared to normal weight active individuals. Conclusion Overweight and obesity were associated with increased risk of atrial fibrillation. Physical activity offsets some, but not all, atrial fibrillation risk associated with obesity.

Abstract P191: Association Between Blood Pressure And Brain Volumes Vary By Sex And Age.

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khawlah Alateeq ◽  
Erin Walsh ◽  
Walter Abhayaratna ◽  
Nicolas Cherbuin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Antihypertensive Medication ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
White Matter Lesions ◽  
Hippocampal Volume ◽  
Brain Volumes

Objective: To quantify the association between blood pressure (BP) across its full range and brain volumes and white matter lesions (WMLs) while investigating the effects of age, sex, body mass index (BMI), antihypertensive medication, and other risk factors. Methods: UK Biobank participants ( N =36,260) aged 40 to 70 years were included and stratified by sex and age into four groups (age ≤ 45, 46-55, 56-65 and > 65 years old). Multi-level regression analyses were used to assess the association between mean arterial (MAP), systolic (SBP), and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure, and brain volumes segmented using the FreeSufer software (gray matter [GMV], white matter [WMV], left [L] and right hippocampal volume [RHCV]) and WMLs. We also investigated the interaction effects between body mass index (BMI) and antihypertensive medication and BP in predicting brain volumes and WMLs. Results: Every 10-mmHg higher DBP was associated with lower brain volumes (GMV: -1300– -2800) [SE=34–90]; WMV: -903.44– -1171.7[SE=34.66–53.03]; LHCV: -7.7– -14.26 [SE=0.44–0.57]; RHCV: -6.25– -22.64[SE=0.32–0.95]) across all age groups. A similar pattern was detected in both sexes, although it was weaker, in men. Also, every 10-mmHg higher MAP was associated with larger WMLs across all age groups but peaked > 65 years (0.1 [SE=0.002]). Both lower BMI and anti-hypertensive medication appeared to afford a protective effect. Conclusion: Higher BP is associated with worse cerebral health across the full BP range from middle adulthood and across the life course. Therefore, it is important that prevention efforts be directed at younger adults with focus on achieving optimal BP to decrease future risk of developing dementia.

scholarly journals Association of body mass index with the functional fitness of elderly women attending a physical activity program

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gislaine Cristina Vagetti ◽  
Valdomiro de Oliveira ◽  
Michael Pereira Silva ◽  
Ana Beatriz Pacífico ◽  
Tiago Rocha Alves Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Functional Fitness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Motor Tests

Abstract Objective: to investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and functional fitness levels linked to the Elderly in Movement Program of the city of Curitiba, in the state of Paraná, Brazil. Methods: The study is characterized as correlational and cross-sectional. The sample consisted of 1,806 elderly female participants of the Elderly in Movement Program. The short version of the IPAQ was used to evaluate participation in physical activities; body weight (kg) and height (m) were measured to calculate BMI (kg/m²), while the motor tests proposed in the Senior Fitness Test were used to evaluate the functional fitness of the elderly women. Descriptive statistics, the chi-squared test and binary logistic regression were used for data analysis. Results: The results showed that 24.0% of the sample exhibited eutrophic nutritional status, 42.9% were overweight and 33.1% were obese. The elderly women classified as overweight and obese had lower functional fitness scores, based on the rating of Rikli and Jones, while the elderly women classified as eutrophic exhibited levels within the normal range. Obese elderly women were more likely to have low scores in the following functional fitness tests: Walk for 6 minutes, Chair Stand, Chair Sit and Reach, Back Scratch and 8-Foot Up and Go. Conclusion: The study indicated an association between, BMI and functional fitness in the elderly women participating in the program, where the majority of elderly women classified as obese exhibited low fitness in all tests.

Cognitive Decline, Body Mass Index, and Waist Circumference in Community-Dwelling Elderly Participants

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Mario Rodríguez-Fernández ◽  
Emily Danies ◽  
José Martínez-Ortega ◽  
William C. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Reduced Risk

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the association of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and BMI and WC changes over time with cognitive decline in a nationally representative sample. Methods: A total of 5239 participants (≥65 years) were followed for 3 years as part of the National Health and Aging Trends Study. Cox proportional hazard regression was applied to model the risk of cognitive decline. Results: BMI, after adjusting for WC and main confounders, was associated with reduced risk of cognitive decline (hazard ratio [HR] 0.97 for each unit BMI increase, 0.95-0.99). After stratifying by gender and age, this effect remained significant among females and young elders ≤80 years. A BMI decrease and WC increase >10% over the study period were associated with increased risk of cognitive decline (HR 1.98, 1.16-3.38; HR 1.30, 1.04-1.62, respectively). Conclusion: In the elderly individuals, lean mass, as measured by BMI adjusted for WC, was associated with reduced risk of cognitive decline. Loss of lean mass and gain of fat mass, as measured by WC adjusted for BMI, were associated with elevated risk of cognitive decline.

scholarly journals Blood Type and Blood Pressure Correlations to Body Mass Index in Young Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Bambang Edi Suwito ◽  
Viskasari P Kalanjati ◽  
Abdurachman Abdurachman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
Abo Blood Type ◽  
Level Of Significance

Specific ABO blood type was reported to the higher risk of having overweight and obesity. The laters had also been suggested to correlate to blood pressure. Here we studied blood type and blood pressure amongst seemingly healthy university students of IIKBW, Kediri to understand their correlations to the body mass index (BMI). The blood typing (ABO typing, Eryclone®) and blood pressure (automated digital sphygmomanometer) of 74 male and 76 female were measured in duplicate accordingly. The BMI was analysed from the student’s body weight and height using a digital balance and a microtoise staturemeter, respectively. Data were analysed using SPSS 17 with p<0.05 level of significance. There were 18.7% students have A blood type, 31.3% students were B type, 44% were O and 6.0% with AB blood type. There were 30.7% students with obesity, 18% overweight, 36% normal weight and 15.3% underweight. There were 4.7% had a hypertension, 28.7% pre-hypertension, and 66.7% were normal. No significant correlations found between BMI or the blood pressure to any specific ABO blood type, except between the blood pressure and the AB blood type (r=-0.179, p=0.03). However, there was a significant correlation between BMI and blood pressure (r=0.327, p=0.000). We observed no significant associations between any specific ABO blood type with the BMI and blood pressure. However, high blood pressures amongst students with obesity were found. Males were more common to suffer from obesity and high blood pressure than females.

Anthropometric and Psychomotor Development Factors Linked to Foot Valgus in Children Aged 6 to 9 Years

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Jose Miguel Morales Asencio ◽  
Miguel F. Medina-Alcántara ◽  
Ana Belen Ortega-Avila ◽  
Ana María Jimenez-Cebrian ◽  
Joaquin Paez Moguer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Valgus Deformity ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Psychomotor Development ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Right

Background: Planovalgus foot prevalence estimates vary widely (0.6%–77.9%). Among the many factors that may influence planovalgus foot development, much attention has been given to body mass index, especially that of children's feet; factors related to psychomotor development have been less studied. We sought to determine the presence of planovalgus foot in children and its association with anthropometric parameters and psychomotor development. Methods: A case-control study was conducted in Málaga, Spain, 2012–2013, of 104 schoolchildren (mean ± SD age, 7.55 ± 0.89 years; 45.2% were boys). Age, sex, body mass index, presence of valgus (valgus index, by pedigraphy), and personal history related to psychomotor development of the lower limbs (presence/absence of crawling, age at onset of crawling, age at onset of walking, use of mobility aids) were evaluated. Results: Of the children with obesity, 53.7% had valgus deformity in the left hindfoot (odds ratio [OR], 6.94; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.72–17.70; P &lt; .0001). In the right foot, the corresponding values were 54.5% (OR, 9.08; 95% CI, 3.38–24.36; P &lt; .0001). Multivariate logistic regression showed an increased risk of left planovalgus foot in boys, in children with overweight or obesity, and in those who began walking later. For the right foot, the same risk factors applied except age at onset of walking. Conclusions: These results corroborate data from previous studies, which report an association between overweight and obesity and the onset of planovalgus foot in children. In addition, we identify a new risk factor: age at onset of walking.

Overweight, Obesity and Endometrial Cancer Risk: Results from a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. e21-e29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Zhang ◽  
Huaizhen Liu ◽  
Shengjie Yang ◽  
Jinjun Zhang ◽  
Liwei Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Endometrial Cancer Risk ◽  
Increased Risk

Aim Findings from recent studies suggest that obesity may be associated with an increased risk of endometrial cancer, but several earlier studies were less conclusive. Here we strive to estimate this relationship in a meta-analysis of published data. Methods We searched Pubmed and Embase for studies on body mass index and the risk of endometrial cancer, published from 1989 to 2011. Data were independently extracted and analyzed using random or fixed effects meta-analysis depending on the degree of heterogeneity. Results Seven cohort studies and 11 case-control studies were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, the conditions of excess body weight ([EBW] defined as body mass index [BMI] ≥25 kg/m2), obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) and overweight (25< BMI <30 kg/m2) were associated with an increased risk of endometrial cancer (relative risk [RR] for EBW=1.62, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.39-1.89; for obesity RR=2.54, 95% CI, 2.11-3.06; for overweight RR=1.32, 95% CI, 1.16-1.50). Subgroup analyses showed that the positive associations were independent of study design, geographic locations, self-reported BMI, alcohol use, smoking habit, history of diabetes, hormone therapy, age at menarche, age at menopause, parity, and age at first full term pregnancy. However, there was no statistically significant association between EBW and endometrial cancer risk for measured BMI (for EBW RR=1.29, 95% CI, 0.66-2.53). Conclusions The findings from this meta-analysis strongly support that the conditions of EBW, overweight, and obesity are all associated with an increased risk of endometrial cancer. Also, the strength of the association increases with increasing BMI.

scholarly journals The correlation between body mass index and the risk of osteoporosis in Acehnese adult females in Zainoel Abidin General Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Nadia Safhira Putri Ananda ◽  
Husnah Husnah ◽  
Safrizal Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Osteoporosis is a condition in which bone become weak and brittle characterized with lower bone density and quality causing increased risk of fracture. The elderly is the most common group to be affected and female is more prone compared to male. One of modifiable risk factors of osteoporosis is low body mass index or underweight. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between body mass index and the risk of osteoporosis on Acehnese adult females in RSUDZA.Methods: This was an analytic observational-cross sectional study which was completed at the Internal Medicine and Orthopedic Policlinic at Zainoel Abidin General Hospital Banda Aceh from August 27th to September 13th 2019. The sampling method used was nonprobability sampling with accidental sampling technique. The body mass index was obtained by measuring respondents’ height and weight while the risk of osteoporosis was assessed by measuring OSTA Score.Results: Results showed that most of respondents was aged between 40-45 years old (55.4%) and there are 62 respondents (74.7%) with abnormal body mass index consisted of 9 underweight respondents (10.8%), 11 overweight respondents (13.3%), and 42 obese respondents (50.6%). The risk of osteoporosis was dominantly mild (69.9%). There were 7 underweight respondents (77.8) had moderate risk of osteoporosis while 2 underweight respondents had severe risk (22.2%). Meanwhile, 41 obese respondents had mild risk of osteoporosis (97.6%). Correlation test using Spearman showed p value 0.000 (p < 0.05) and rs = -0,731 which means that there is a strong correlation between body mass index and the risk of osteoporosis.Conclusions: Lower body mass index is directly proportional with higher risk of osteoporosis.

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