KEJADIAN PENYAKIT HIPERTENSI DAN INDEKS MASSA TUBUH PADA PEREMPUAN YANG TINGGAL DI PEDESAAN DAN PERKOTAAN

2019 ◽  
pp. 127-136
Author(s):  
Venti Agustina
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Normal Body Mass Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
Stadium I

Hipertensiadalah penyebab kematian utama di Indonesia. Kematian akibat hipertensi lebih banyak terjadi di perkotaan dibandingkan di desa. Tingginya kejadian hipertensi dipengaruhi oleh faktor yang dapat dikontrol (obesitas,berat badan lebih, konsumsi garam berlebih,aktivitas fisik rendah, perokok, dan konsumsi alkohol) dan faktor yang tidak dapat dikontrol (genetik, usia, dan jenis kelamin). Penelitian bertujuan memberikan gambarandistribusi tekanan darah dan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) pendudukperempuan di kota maupun di desa.Desain penelitian adalah deskriptif kuatitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Data primer didapatkan melalui pengukuran tekanan darah, tinggi badan dan berat badan. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Kutowinangun Kidul, Kecamatan Tingkir,Salatiga yang mewakili penduduk perempuan di perkotaan dan Desa Batur, Kecamatan Getasan, Kabupaten Semarangyang mewakili penduduk perempuan pedesaan. Adapun jumlah sampel masing-masing 66 respondendan 72responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kejadian penyakit hipertensi, resiko obese dan obese lebih didominasi oleh respondendi perkotaan dibandingkan di pedesaan dengan rentang usia di atas 46 tahun. Respondendi desa dengan indeks massa tubuh normal cenderung mengalami pre-hipertensi (8,3%) dan hipertensi stadium I (6,9%) sementararesponden dengan resiko obese dan obese cenderung mengalami hipertensi stadium I (1,4%).Respondendi kota dengan indeks massa tubuh normal cenderung mengalami pre hipertensi (6,06%), hipertensi stadium I (4,5%) dan II (7,5%). Responden dengan resiko obese cenderung mengalami hipertensi stadium I (4,5%), dan responden dengan obese I dan II cenderung mengalami pre-hipertensi (4,5%).   Hypertension is the leading cause of death in Indonesia. Deaths due to hypertension are more common in urban areas than in villages. The high incidence of hypertension is influenced by factors that can be controlled (obesity, overweight, excessive salt consumption, low physical activity, smokers, and alcohol consumption) and factors that cannot be controlled (genetic, age, and sex). The study aimed to provide an overview of blood pressure distribution and body mass index (BMI) of female residents in cities and villages. The study design was descriptive quantitative with a cross sectional approach. Primary data was obtained through measurements of blood pressure, height and weight. The study was conducted in Kutowinangun Kidul Village, Tingkir Subdistrict, Salatiga representing women in urban areas and Batur Village, Getasan Subdistrict, Semarang Regency, representing rural women. The number of samples was 66 respondents and 72 respondents respectively. The results showed that the incidence of hypertension, the risk of obese and obese was more dominated by respondents in urban areas than in rural areas with ages above 46 years. Respondents in villages with normal body mass index tended to experience pre-hypertension (8.3%) and stage I hypertension (6.9%) while respondents with obese and obese risk tended to experience stage I hypertension (1.4%). Respondents in cities with normal body mass index tended to experience pre-hypertension (6.06%), stage I hypertension (4.5%) and II (7.5%). Respondents with obese risk tended to experience stage I hypertension (4.5%), and respondents with obese I and II tended to experience pre-hypertension (4.5%).

scholarly journals Association of adiposity, measures of metabolic dysregulation, and elevated alanine aminotransferase in subjects with normal body mass index

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 585-596
Author(s):  
Sombat Treeprasertsuk ◽  
Abel Romero-Corral ◽  
Virend K. Somers ◽  
Justo Sierra-Johnson ◽  
Keith D. Lindor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Risk Profile ◽  
Normal Body Mass Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Normal Body

AbstractBackground: Differences in body fat (BF) distribution in patients with normal body mass index (BMI) with elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) remains poorly described.Objective: To determine the relationship between total BF, waist circumference (WC), insulin resistance (IR), and cardiometabolic risk profile in subjects with elevated ALT and normal BMI.Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional data from 4,914 US participants in the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database, who were ≥20 years of age, had normal BMI, and had body composition assessed by bioimpedance.Results: Mean ± SD age was 41.4 ± 0.3 years, and 58% participants were women. BF was 20 ± 0.1% in men and 29.9 ± 0.1% in women. As total BF increased by tertiles, there was a tendency towards a higher prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in men (6.1%, 6.5%, 9.5%, P = 0.13), but not in women (8.7%, 8.2%, 10.7%, P = 0.71). As WC increased by tertiles, there was a higher prevalence of elevated ALT in men (2.6%, 8.6%, 6.6%, P < 0.0001), but not in women. As ALT increased, men had significantly higher levels of nonhigh density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), increased apolipoprotein B, increased IR, and lower levels of C-reactive protein, whereas, women had higher levels of non-HDL-C and increased IR.Conclusion: In subjects with normal BMI, increased WC is associated with a higher prevalence of elevated ALT in men, but not in women. Higher levels of ALT correlated with a poor cardiometabolic risk profile.

scholarly journals Neck circumference as an independent predictor for NAFLD among postmenopausal women with normal body mass index

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Shi ◽  
Zixuan Wang ◽  
Weiwei Zhang ◽  
Yixin Niu ◽  
Ning Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Neck Circumference ◽  
Normal Body Mass Index ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Large Neck

Abstract Background Neck circumference, a proxy for upper-body subcutaneous fat, is a unique and pathogenic fat depot that confers additional metabolic risk. The purpose of present study was to determine whether neck circumference associates with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in postmenopausal women with normal body mass index. Methods A cross-sectional survey (n = 2492) and a 3.1-year follow-up investigation (n = 1354) were conducted among Chinese postmenopausal women with normal BMI (18.5 to < 25 kg/m2). Neck circumference was measured horizontally at the lower margin of the laryngeal prominence. Results In the cross-sectional analysis, large neck circumference was associated with the presence of NAFLD (odds ratio 2.28; 95% CI 1.74–2.98; highest tertile versus lowest tertile) after adjustment for confounding factors. Among 1354 subjects without the NAFLD at baseline, 429 (31.7%) incident NAFLD cases occurred at 3.1 years. Neck circumference was positively associated with triglycerides, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, C-reactive protein, and negatively associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and adiponectin. Individuals with large baseline neck circumference had a significantly higher risk of NAFLD than those with small neck circumference. The multivariable adjusted hazard ratio was 1.42 (95% CI 1.15–1.97; p for trend = 0.004) for the highest versus the lowest tertile of neck circumference, and was 1.22 (95% CI 1.10–1.41; p = 0.006) per 1-standard deviation increment in neck circumference. Conclusions Among postmenopausal women with normal BMI, relatively large neck circumference levels are associated with an increased risk of NAFLD.

scholarly journals Association Between Abdominal Waist Circumference and Blood Pressure In Brazilian Adolescents With Normal Body Mass Index

Global Heart ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiane Cristina Pazin ◽  
Tatiana Lorena da Luz Kaestner ◽  
Márcia Olandoski ◽  
Cristina Pellegrino Baena ◽  
Gabriela de Azevedo Abreu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Normal Body Mass Index ◽  
Normal Body

scholarly journals Maintaining Normal Blood Pressure Across the Life Course

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shakia T. Hardy ◽  
Swati Sakhuja ◽  
Byron C. Jaeger ◽  
Suzanne Oparil ◽  
Oluwasegun P. Akinyelure ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Normal Body Mass Index ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
Heart Study

Although mean blood pressure (BP) increases with age, there may be a subset of individuals whose BP does not increase with age. Characterizing the population that maintains normal BP could inform hypertension prevention efforts. We determined the proportion of Jackson Heart Study participants that maintained normal BP at 3 visits over a median of 8 years. Normal BP was defined as systolic BP <120 mm Hg and diastolic BP <80 mm Hg without antihypertensive medication. We identified lifestyle and psychosocial factors associated with maintaining normal BP and calculated the incidence rate for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Overall, 757 of 3432 participants (22.1%) had normal BP at baseline, and 262 of these participants (34.6%) maintained normal BP. Among participants with normal BP at baseline, normal body mass index (risk ratio [RR] 1.37 [95% CI, 1.08–1.75]), ideal physical activity (RR, 1.28 [95% CI, 0.99–1.65]), and never smoking (RR, 1.48 [95% CI, 0.99–2.20]) at baseline were associated with maintaining normal BP. Maintaining normal body mass index (RR, 1.42 [95% CI, 1.10–1.84]) and ideal physical activity (RR, 1.51 [95% CI, 1.18–1.94]) at all study visits were associated with maintaining normal BP. The cardiovascular disease incidence rate was 4.5, 6.3, and 16.4 per 1000 person-years among participants who maintained normal BP, had normal BP at baseline but did not maintain normal BP, and had elevated BP or hypertension at baseline, respectively, over 5.9 years of follow-up. These data suggest that maintaining normal body mass index and ideal physical activity are potential approaches for African American adults to maintain normal BP.

scholarly journals Hubungan Antara Kebiasaan Aktivitas Fisik dengan Indeks Massa Tubuh pada Mahasiswa FK-UWKS Angkatan 2016 dan 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
NOER KUMALA INDAHSARI ◽  
MOCHAMMAD IRFAN MAHALI
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Normal Body Mass Index ◽  
Easy Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Body

<p align="justify">Abstract</p><p align="justify"><strong>Background</strong>: The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a simple, inexpensive and easy method of assessing a person's nutritional status, but BMI can’t measure body fat directly.</p><p align="justify"><strong>Methode</strong>: 124 respondents from the 2016 and 2017 FK-UWKS students and taken randomly. The research method used was an analytic observational study with a cross sectional study. Data taken includes BMI, and physical activity. Statistical test with Spearman correlation test (x2). In the early stages of the study anthropometric measurements were carried out to determine Student BMI. Physical activity is measured by recalling activities that students do every day. <strong>R</strong><strong>esults</strong><strong>:</strong> groups that always carried out physical activity were 24 respondents who had a normal body mass index, while the group that had never carried out physical activity had 57 respondents with a body mass index with details (3 respondents with less BMI, 11 respondents with normal BMI, 30 respondents with excessive BMI and 13 respondents with Obesity BMI)as well as groups that sometimes carried out physical activities totaling 43 respondents had a relatively normal body mass index. From the results of the data above, the Sig value is obtained = 0,000 (&lt;0.05) which means that there is a relationship between physical activity and the Body Mass Index in the 2016 and 2017 FK-UWKS students.</p><p align="justify"><strong>Conclusion</strong>: physical activity correlated with Body Mass Index</p><p align="justify"> </p><p align="justify"><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>: Body mass index, habit of physical activity</em><em></em></p>

scholarly journals Sleep disorders — risk factors and hypertension markers in young people with normal body weight

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 4290
Author(s):  
A. L. Kalinkin ◽  
A. S. Sorokin
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Young People ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Normal Body Mass Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Relationship

Aim. To assess the relationship between different types of sleep disorders, sleep-related symptoms and hypertension (HTN).Material and methods. This cross-sectional study based on the online survey of persons aged 18-39 years with a body mass index of 18-25 kg/m2.Results. According to the results, the HTN risk in persons aged 18-39 years with normal body mass index increases 2 or more times in the presence of various types of sleep disorders and related symptoms. The prevalence of HTGN depends on the patient's phenotype, i.e. from a combination of different types of sleep disorders and sleep-related symptoms.Conclusion. Given the widespread prevalence of various sleep disorders, as well as the relationship between sleep disorders and hypertension in young people, it is necessary to develop preventive measures aimed at reducing the HTN risk by restoring healthy sleep. We also suggest that various sleep disorders may be the primary link in the development of essential HTN.

scholarly journals Gambaran Tekanan Darah, Indeks Massa Tubuh, dan Aktivitas Fisik pada Mahasiswa Kedokteran Umum Angkatan Tahun 2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoel P. Abaa ◽  
Hedison Polii ◽  
Pemsi M. Wowor
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Normal Body Mass Index ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract: This study was aimed to obtain the profile of blood pressure and factors that could influence blood pressure of Medical Faculty students of Sam Ratulangi University of Manado year 2014. This was a descriptive study with a cross sectional design. Study population consisted of 75 students year 2014. Respondents were 48 students obtained by using simple random sampling technique. The results showed that most respondents had normal systolic pressure (41 respondents; 85.4%), normal diastolic pressure (44 respondents; 91.6%), normal body mass index (27 respondents; 56.2%), and low physical activity (43 respondents; 89.6%). Conclusion: Most students had normal systolic blood pressure, normal diastolic blood pressure, normal BMI, and low physical activity.Keywords: blood pressure, body mass index, physical activity Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran tekanan darah dan faktor-faktor yang dapat memengaruhi tekanan darah mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado angkatan tahun 2014. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Populasi penelitian ialah seluruh mahasiswa angkatan 2014 Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi yang berjumlah 75 orang. Terdapat 48 responden diperoleh dengan teknik simple random sampling. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa tekanan sistolik terbanyak ialah kategori normal (41 responden; 85,4%) dan tekanan diastolik terbanyak ialah kategori normal (44 responden; 91,6%). Indeks massa tubuh terbanyak ialah kategori normal (27 responden; 56,2%). Tingkat aktivitas fisik responden terbanyak yaitu aktifitas fisik ringan 43 orang (89,6%). Simpulan: Pada penelitian ini sebagian besar mahasiswa memiliki tekanan darah sistolik kategori normal, tekanan darah diastolik kategori normal, IMT normal, dan aktivitas fisik ringan.Kata kunci: tekanan darah, indeks massa tubuh, dan aktivitas fisik

scholarly journals Neck circumference as an independent predictor for NAFLD among postmenopausal women with normal body mass index

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Shi ◽  
Zixuan Wang ◽  
Weiwei Zhang ◽  
Yixin Niu ◽  
Ning Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Neck Circumference ◽  
Normal Body Mass Index ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Large Neck

Abstract Background: Neck circumference, a proxy for upper-body subcutaneous fat, is a unique and pathogenic fat depot that confers additional metabolic risk. The purpose of present study was to determine whether neck circumference associates with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in postmenopausal women with normal body mass index.Methods: A cross-sectional survey (n=2,492) and a 3.1-year follow-up investigation (n=1,354) were conducted among Chinese postmenopausal women with normal BMI (18.5 to <25 kg/m2). Neck circumference was measured horizontally at the lower margin of the laryngeal prominence.Results: In the cross-sectional analysis, large neck circumference was associated with the presence of NAFLD (odds ratio 2.28; 95% CI 1.74-2.98; highest tertile versus lowest tertile) after adjustment for confounding factors. Among 1,354 subjects without the NAFLD at baseline, 429 (31.7 %) incident NAFLD cases occurred at 3.1 years. Neck circumference was positively associated with triglycerides, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, C-reactive protein, and negatively associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and adiponectin. Individuals with large baseline neck circumference had a significantly higher risk of NAFLD than those with small neck circumference. The multivariable adjusted hazard ratio was 1.42 (95% CI 1.15-1.97; p for trend =0.004) for the highest versus the lowest tertile of neck circumference, and was 1.22 (95% CI 1.10-1.41; p =0.006) per 1-standard deviation increment in neck circumference.Conclusions: Among postmenopausal women with normal BMI, relatively large neck circumference levels are associated with an increased risk of NAFLD.

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