scholarly journals Peripheral Augmentation Index Defines the Relationship Between Central and Peripheral Pulse Pressure

Hypertension ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahzad Munir ◽  
Antoine Guilcher ◽  
Tamra Kamalesh ◽  
Brian Clapp ◽  
Simon Redwood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Pressure ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Peripheral Pulse ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Augmentation Index Predicts the Sweat Volume in Young Runners

2021 ◽  
pp. 448-456
Author(s):  
Yen-Yu Liu ◽  
Chung-Lieh Hung ◽  
Fang-Ju Sun ◽  
Po-Han Huang ◽  
Yu-Fan Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Pressure ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Hemodynamic Parameters ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Central Pulse Pressure

Sweating during exercise is regulated by objective parameters, body weight, and endothelial function, among other factors. However, the relationship between vascular arterial stiffness and sweat volume in young adults remains unclear. This study aimed to identify hemodynamic parameters before exercise that can predict sweat volume during exercise, and post-exercise parameters that can be predicted by the sweat volume. Eighty-nine young healthy subjects (aged 21.9 ± 1.7 years, 51 males) were recruited to each perform a 3-km run on a treadmill. Demographic and anthropometric data were collected and hemodynamic data were obtained, including heart rate, blood pressure and pulse wave analysis using non-invasive tonometry. Sweat volume was defined as pre-exercise body weight minus post-exercise body weight. Post-exercise hemodynamic parameters were also collected. Sweat volume was significantly associated with gender, body surface area (BSA) (b = 0.288, p = 0.010), peripheral systolic blood pressure (SBP), peripheral and central pulse pressure (PP), and was inversely associated with augmentation index at an HR of 75 beats/min (AIx@HR75) (b = -0.005, p = 0.019) and ejection duration. While BSA appeared to predict central PP (B = 19.271, p ≤ 0.001), central PP plus AIx@HR75 further predicted sweat volume (B = 0.008, p = 0.025; B = -0.009, p = 0.003 respectively). Sweat volume was associated with peripheral SBP change (B = -17.560, p = 0.031). Sweat volume during a 3-km run appears to be influenced by hemodynamic parameters, including vascular arterial stiffness and central pulse pressure. Results of the present study suggest that vascular arterial stiffness likely regulates sweat volume during exercise.

STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL VASCULAR CHANGES IN HIGH NORMAL ARTERIAL PRESSURE

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
P. Nikolov
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Pressure ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Aortic Pressure ◽  
Large Arteries ◽  
Central Aortic Pressure ◽  
Significant Difference

The PURPUSE of the present study is changes in function and structure of large arteries in individuals with High Normal Arterial Pressure (HNAP) to be established. MATERIAL and METHODS: Structural and functional changes in the large arteries were investigated in 80 individuals with HNAP and in 45 with optimal arterial pressure (OAP). In terms of arterial stiffness, pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (AI), central aortic pressure (CAP), pulse pressure (PP) were followed up in HNAP group. Intima media thickness (IMT), flow-induced vasodilatation (FMD), ankle-brachial index (ABI) were also studied. RESULTS: Significantly increased values of pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, central aortic pressure, pulse pressure are reported in the HNAP group. In terms of IMT and ABI, being in the reference interval, there is no significant difference between HNAP and OAP groups. The calculated cardiovascular risk (CVR) in both groups is low. CONCLUSION: Significantly higher values of pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, central aortic pressure and pulse pressure in the HNAP group are reported.

scholarly journals Albuminuria intensifies the link between urinary sodium excretion and central pulse pressure in the general population: the Wakuya study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaname Tagawa ◽  
Yusuke Tsuru ◽  
Katsumi Yokoi ◽  
Takanori Aonuma ◽  
Junichiro Hashimoto
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Pulse Pressure ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽  
Urinary Sodium ◽  
Pressure Amplitude ◽  
Excess Sodium ◽  
Central Pulse Pressure

Abstract Background Central pulse pressure is responsible for the hemodynamics of vital organs, and monitoring this parameter is important for cardiovascular disease prevention. Excess sodium intake and (micro)albuminuria (a manifestation of renal microvascular damage) are known to be strong predictors of cardiovascular disease. We sought to investigate the cross-sectional relationships among dietary sodium intake, albuminuria, and central pulse pressure in a general population cohort. Methods The subjects were 933 apparently healthy adults (mean age, 56 ± 10 years). Radial pressure waveforms were recorded with applanation tonometry to estimate mean arterial pressure, central pulse pressure, forward and backward pressure amplitudes, and augmentation index. The urinary sodium/creatinine and albumin/creatinine ratios were measured in spot urine samples. Results Both the urinary sodium/creatinine and albumin/creatinine ratios were positively correlated with central pulse pressure, even after adjusting for mean arterial pressure (P < 0.001). Moreover, both ratios had a synergistic influence on increasing the central pulse pressure independent of age, sex, estimated glomerular filtration rate, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes (interaction P = 0.04). A similar synergistic influence was found on the forward pressure amplitude, but not on the backward pressure amplitude or augmentation index. The overall results were not altered when the urinary albumin/creatinine ratio was replaced with the existence of chronic kidney disease. Conclusion (Micro)albuminuria strengthens the positive association between urinary sodium excretion and central pulse pressure and systolic forward pressure. Excess sodium intake may magnify the cardiovascular risk by widening the aortic pulsatile pressure, particularly in the presence of concomitant chronic kidney disease.

Determinants of central aortic pressure and pulse pressure amplification changes in patients with aortic aneurysm: the role of aortic diameter and aortic aneurysm location level

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Gurevich ◽  
I Emelyanov ◽  
N Zherdev ◽  
D Chernova ◽  
A Chernov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Pulse Pressure ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Aortic Pressure ◽  
Aortic Diameter ◽  
Maximum Diameter ◽  
Central Aortic Pressure ◽  
Abdominal Aortic

Abstract Background The presence of aortic aneurysm can alters pulse wave propagation and reflection, causing changes in central aortic pressure and pulse pressure amplification (PPA) between the aorta and the brachial artery that might be associated with unfavorable hemodynamic effects for the central arteries and the heart. However, the impact of the location of the aneurysm and increase of the aortic diameter on central blood pressure (CBP) is not fully understood. Objective To investigate central aortic pressure and PPA regarding to association with arterial stiffness and aortic diameter in patients with ascending aortic aneurysm (AA), descending thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysm (TAA and AAA). Methods 122 patients (96 males, 65±11 years) with aortic aneurysm were enrolled before aortic repair. The parameters of the aorta were evaluated by MSCT angiography: 44 patients (30 males, 55±13 years) had AA (the maximum diameter: 59.9±14.2 mm), 13 patients (11 males, 62±11 years) had TAA (the maximum diameter: 62.8±8.0 mm) and 65 patients (54 males, 69±8 years) had AAA (the maximum diameter: 52.3±17.2 mm). Brachial blood pressure (BBP) was measured by OMRON. CBP, augmentation index (AIx), carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) were assessed by SphygmoCor. PPA was calculated as a difference between the values of central and brachial pulse pressure (CPP and BPP). Results Patients of the three groups did not differ in BPP (AA: 59.2±17.6; TAA 56.8±12.8; AAA: 59.3±11.4 mm Hg; P=0.5). Intergroup comparison revealed a difference in CPP between the three patients groups: CPP was higher in patients with AA and AAA, lower in patients with TAA (AA: 50.3±16.2; TAA 43.8±10.8; AAA: 50.0±11.2 mm Hg; P=0.05). PPA was lower in patients with AA and AAA than in patients with TAA (9.6±6.7 and 9.3±4.2 vs. 13.0±6.5 mm Hg; P=0.05 and P=0.04, respectively). IAx was higher in patients with AA and AAA than in patients with TAA (25.2±8.1 and 27.6±8.2 vs. 17.2±8.2 mm Hg; P=0.008 and P=0.001, respectively). A decrease of PPA across all patients correlated with an increase of IAx (r = - 0.268; P=0.003). CPP decreased with an increase of the aortic diameter for each level of the aneurysm (AA: r = - 0.460, P=0.016; TAA: r = - 0.833, P=0.003; AAA: r = - 0.275, P=0.05). PWV decreased with the expansion of the maximum aortic diameter at the level of the AA, TAA and AAA: (r = - 0.389, P=0.03; r = - 0.827, P=0.02 and r = - 0.350, P=0.01, respectively). Conclusion In patients with aortic aneurysm measurements of lower central pulse pressure and reduced PWV indicate an association with increased diameter of the aneurysm. An increase in augmentation index, early return of reflected waves, thus smaller PP amplification and higher CPP were identified in patients with ascending and abdominal aortic aneurysm compared by patients with descending thoracic aortic aneurysm. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Home-Measured Blood Pressure Is Associated with Handgrip Strength in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: The KAMOGAWA-HBP Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1913
Author(s):  
Tomonori Kimura ◽  
Emi Ushigome ◽  
Yoshitaka Hashimoto ◽  
Naoko Nakanishi ◽  
Masahide Hamaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Pulse Pressure ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Home Blood Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
At Home

The association between blood pressure measured at home and handgrip strength in patients with diabetes has not been investigated. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to assess this association among patients with type 2 diabetes. In this cross-sectional study, 157 patients with type 2 diabetes underwent muscle tests and morning and evening blood-pressure measurements at home in triplicate for 14 consecutive days throughout the study period. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were conducted to analyze the relationship between home blood-pressure parameters and handgrip strength. The average age and hemoglobin A1c of the patients were 70.5 years and 7.1%, respectively. Morning diastolic blood pressure of [β (95% confidence interval; CI): 0.20 (0.03, 0.37)] was associated with handgrip strength in men, while morning systolic blood pressure of [−0.09 (−0.15, −0.04)], morning pulse pressure of [−0.14 (−0.21, −0.08)], and evening pulse pressure of [−0.12 (−0.19, −0.04)] were associated with handgrip strength in women. Home-measured blood pressure was associated with handgrip strength. Sex differences were found in the relationship between home blood-pressure parameters and handgrip strength.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Adult Height and Blood Pressure

Cardiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
John Michael Cochran ◽  
Vincent R. Siebert ◽  
Jeffrey Bates ◽  
Djenita Butulija ◽  
Anna Kolpakchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Adult Height ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Literature Evidence ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Identification and modification of cardiovascular risk factors is paramount to reducing cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality. Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, but its association with height remains largely underrecognized. Objectives: The objective of this manuscript is to review the evidence examining the association between blood pressure and human stature and to summarize the plausible pathophysiological mechanisms behind such an association. Methods: A systematic review of adult human height and its association with hypertension and coronary artery disease was undertaken. The literature evidence is summarized and tabulated, and an overview of the pathophysiological basis for this association is presented. Results: Shorter arterial lengths found in shorter individuals may predispose to hypertension in a complex hemodynamic interplay, which is explained predominantly by summated arterial wave reflections and an elevated augmentation index. Our systemic review suggests that an inverse relationship between adult height and blood pressure exists. However, differences in the studied populations and heterogeneity in the methods applied across the various studies limit the generalizability of these findings and their clinical application. Conclusion: Physiological studies and epidemiological data suggest a potential inverse association between adult height and blood pressure. Further research is required to define the relationship more clearly between adult height and blood pressure and to assess whether antihypertensive therapeutic approaches and goals should be modified according to patients’ heights.

The relationship between aortic augmentation index and pulse wave velocity: an invasive study

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 391-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masato Sakurai ◽  
Tetsu Yamakado ◽  
Hideshi Kurachi ◽  
Takaaki Kato ◽  
Kenji Kuroda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
The Relationship

WEAK CARDIAC EJECTION PATTERNS RESULTS IN INCREASED CENTRAL TO PERIPHERAL PULSE PRESSURE AMPLIFICATION

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. e484-e485
Author(s):  
B. Westerhof ◽  
B. Van Den Bogaard ◽  
B. J. Van Den Born ◽  
J. P. Van Den Wijngaard ◽  
F. Mattace-Raso
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Pressure ◽  
Pressure Amplification ◽  
Peripheral Pulse

scholarly journals The relationship between body mass index and pulse pressure in older adults with isolated systolic hypertension

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 538-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Martins ◽  
N. Tareen ◽  
D. Pan ◽  
K. Norris
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Pulse Pressure ◽  
Systolic Hypertension ◽  
Isolated Systolic Hypertension ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract 18907: Relationships Between Renal Haemodynamics With Cardiac and Aortic Haemodynamics in the Early Stages of Essential Hypertension

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Kintis ◽  
Costas Tsioufis ◽  
Anastasia Mazaraki ◽  
Evaggelia Koutra ◽  
Lefki Nikolopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Resistive Index ◽  
Renal Haemodynamics ◽  
Renal Resistive Index ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Diastolic Velocity ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cardiac Haemodynamics

Introduction: The relationship of renal haemodynamics with cardiac and aortic hameodynamics is still unclear. Hypothesis: We evaluated the relationship of increased renal resistive index (RRI) with Augmentation index (AIx) and cardiac haemodynamics by means of mitral annular early diastolic velocity (E/Ea) in untreated patients with essential hypertension. Methods: 76 newly diagnosed untreated non diabetic patients with stage I-II essential hypertension [35 males, aged 50 years, office blood pressure (BP) = 143/ 91 mm Hg], underwent ABPM, complete echocardiographic study for determination of E/Ea and blood sampling for assessment of metabolic profile. Moreover, data on renal resistive index (RRI), obtained by Doppler ultrasound sampling of the intrarenal arteries, as well as augmentation index (AIx), were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Based on the mean value of RRI (0.60), hypertensives were classified into those with high and low RRI. Hypertensives with high RRI values compared to those with low values were older (55.6±9.8 vs 44.4±11.6 years, p < 0.001), had lower 24-hour diastolic BP (77.5±7.7 vs 84.3±6.7 mmHg, p < 0.001), lower 24-hour HR (71.2±10.3 vs 76.2±9.2 bpm, p < 0.05), higher levels of AIx (27.2±8.2 vs 17.8±14.8 %, p < 0.01), and higher values of E/Ea (lateral) (7.7±1.8 vs 6.2±2.3, p < 0.05). In the total population, RRI was negatively related to 24-hour diastolic BP (r = -0.523, p < 0.001) and 24-hour HR (r = -0.281, p < 0.05), while it was positively associated with CRP (r = 0.335, p < 0.05), TChol (r = 0.296, p < 0.01), age (r = 0.443, r < 0.001), AIx (r = 0.413, p = 0.001) and E/Ea(lateral) (r = 0.465, p < 0.05). Multiple regression analysis revealed that 24-hour diastolic BP and E/Ea (lateral) were independent associated with RRI (R2 = 0.434, p < 0.05). Conclusions: Increased vascular resistance of intrarenal arteries is associated with impaired aortic and cardiac haemodynamics, as reflected by increased AIx and E/Ea (lateral) values. RRI may be considered a useful surrogate of haemodynamics in essential hypertension.

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