Abstract WP232: Prevalence of Positive Troponins and Association With Abnormal Echocardiograms in Acute Ischemic Stroke

Background and Purpose: Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS) patients may have high sensitivity serum troponin (cTn) levels drawn upon admission, although it is unclear how frequently cTn levels are elevated, and whether these levels are associated with cardiac causes of stroke as seen on echocardiogram. We investigated the prevalence and positivity of cTn and echocardiogram testing within a large biracial population that is representative of the US. Methods: Within a catchment area of 1.3 million we screened local hospital admissions in 2010 using ICD-9 discharge codes 430-436 and ascertained all physician-confirmed AIS cases by standardized retrospective chart review, including diagnostic test results. Any positive cTn was defined by the standard 99 th percentile cutoff. Echocardiogram findings of interest were defined as in the table. Logistic regression was used for analyses, controlling for age, sex, race and prior history of cardiac disease. Results: Of the 1999 AIS cases that presented to an ED in the region 1706 (85.3%) had a cTn drawn and 1590 (79.5%) had an echocardiogram. A positive cTn was seen in 353/1706 (20.7%) and 160/1590 (10%) had an echocardiogram finding of interest. Of the 1377 that had both tests performed, a positive cTn was associated with an abnormal echocardiogram ( adjusted OR 2.9 95% CI 2-4.2 ). A negative cTn did not significantly alter the odds of having an abnormal echocardiogram ( Negative Likelihood Ratio=0.66 ). Conclusion: Testing with serum cTn and echocardiogram was common within our population. Troponinemia above the 99 th percentile was prevalent and was associated with clinically relevant structural cardiac disease on echocardiogram. However absence of troponinemia was not informative regarding the probability of a normal echocardiogram, and therefore does not obviate the need for echocardiography in this at risk population.

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Respiratory Presentation of Pediatric Patients in the 2014 Enterovirus D68 Outbreak

Canadian Respiratory Journal ◽

10.1155/2016/8302179 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Georgina Martin ◽

Rachel Li ◽

Victoria E. Cook ◽

Matthew Carwana ◽

Peter Tilley ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Hospital Admissions ◽

Pediatric Population ◽

Retrospective Chart Review ◽

Respiratory Illness ◽

Prior History ◽

Medical Comorbidities ◽

History Of ◽

Enterovirus D68

Background. In the fall of 2014, a North American outbreak of enterovirus D68 resulted in a significant number of pediatric hospital admissions for respiratory illness throughout North America. This study characterized the clinical presentation and risk factors for a severe clinical course in children admitted to British Columbia Children’s Hospital during the 2014 outbreak.Methods. Retrospective chart review of patients with confirmed EV-D68 infection admitted to BCCH with respiratory symptoms in the fall of 2014. Past medical history, clinical presentation, management, and course in hospital was collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Comparison was made between those that did and did not require ICU admission to identify risk factors.Results. Thirty-four patients were included (median age 7.5 years). Fifty-three percent of children had a prior history of wheeze, 32% had other preexisting medical comorbidities, and 15% were previously healthy. Ten children (29%) were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit. The presence of complex medical conditions (excluding wheezing) (P=0.03) and copathogens was associated with PICU admission (P=0.02).Conclusions. EV-D68 infection resulted in severe, prolonged presentations of asthma-like illness in the hospitalized pediatric population. Patients with a prior history of wheeze and preexisting medical comorbidities appear to be most severely affected, but the virus can also cause wheezing in previously well children.

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Abstract P591: A Significant Dose-Response in Elevated Troponin Levels for Case-Fatality Among Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.52.suppl_1.p591 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Dawn Kleindorfer ◽

Heidi Sucharew ◽

Mary Haverbusch ◽

Kathleen S Alwell ◽

Florence Rothenberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽

Hospital Admissions ◽

Case Fatality ◽

Retrospective Chart Review ◽

Medical Attention ◽

Chi Square ◽

Normal Ranges ◽

The Impact ◽

Dose Dependent

Introduction: About 21% of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients present to medical attention with an elevated cardiac troponin (cTn). Previously, we described that elevated cTn is associated with an increased case-fatality at 1 year. However, it is not clear if there is a dose-dependent relationship between cTn and case-fatality, or if this effect is related to causes of death. Methods: Within a catchment area of 1.3 million we screened local hospital admissions using ICD-9/10 codes 430-436/I60-I68, G45-46 in 2014/2015, and ascertained all physician-confirmed AIS cases by retrospective chart review. Positive cTn was defined by the standard 99th percentile. To account for by hospital variance in cTn results in machine brands and normal ranges, cTn values were log-transformed and centered. Case fatality at 1 year and cause of death was obtained from the National Death Index database. Logistic regression evaluated the impact of cTn on case fatality, and included demographic and clinical risk factors in the model. The percentage with all-cause and cardiac/non-cardiac case-fatality was computed by quartiles of centered cTn levels and compared using the chi-square test. Results: In 2014/2015, there were 2989 AIS cases ascertained, which were 53% female, 30% black, with a mean age of 70 (SD 14). 441 patients with hypertropinemia were included in the analysis. See Table for case fatality at 1 year by quartile of centered cTn levels. There was no association between cTN and non-cardiac case-fatality. After adjustment for demographic and clinical characteristics, every 0.5 point increase in the centered cTn level increased the cardiac case-fatality by OR 1.19 (1.09, 1.31), p<0.01. Discussion: We found that the impact of hypertropinemia on case fatality after AIS appears to be a dose-dependent association: as cTn increases, so does the cardiac case-fatality. This suggests that the degree of cTn elevation is likely an important prognostic marker for cardiac death in AIS patients.

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Antiepileptic Drug Management in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Are Vascular Neurologists Utilizing Electroencephalograms? An Observational Cohort Study

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2020/6250531 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Rahul Rao ◽

Dominique J. Monlezun ◽

Tara Kimbrough ◽

Brian J. Burkett ◽

Alyana Samai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽

Antiepileptic Drug ◽

Clinical Decision Making ◽

Epileptiform Activity ◽

Clinical Decision ◽

Prior History ◽

Continuous Eeg ◽

Continuous Eeg Monitoring ◽

History Of

Introduction. This study examines the utility of electroencephalography (EEG) in clinical decision making in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients in regards to the prescription of antiseizure medications. Methods. Patients were grouped as having positive EEG (+) for epileptiform activity or negative EEG (-). These studies were no more than 30 minutes in length. Patients’ charts were retrospectively reviewed for antiepileptic drug (AED) use before, during, and on discharge from AIS hospitalization. Results. Of the 509 patients meeting inclusion criteria, 24 (4.7%) had a positive EEG. Patients did not significantly differ with respect to any demographic or baseline characteristics with the exception of prior history of seizure. In the EEG- group, AEDs were discontinued in only 3.5% of patients. In the EEG+ group, only 37.5% of patients had an initiation or change to their AED regimen within 36 hours of the study. 62.5% of the EEG+ group had a cortical stroke. Significance. Our results indicate that vascular neurologists are not using spot EEGs to routinely guide inpatient AED management. EEGs may have greater utility in those with a prior history of seizures and cortical strokes. Longer or continuous EEG monitoring may have better utility in the AIS population if there is clinical suspicion of seizure.

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Abstract WP74: Intravenous Thrombolysis for Acute Ischemic Stroke in Patients Taking Warfarin with Subtherapeutic INR

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.48.suppl_1.wp74 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Aurangzeb Memon ◽

Navdeep Lail ◽

Haris Kamal ◽

Annemarie Crumlish ◽

Marilou Ching ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽

Intravenous Thrombolysis ◽

Retrospective Chart Review ◽

Case Control ◽

Warfarin Group ◽

Good Outcome ◽

Significant Difference ◽

History Of ◽

Group 2

Introduction: AHA/ASA guidelines allow use of IV rtPA in warfarin-treated acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with INR ≤1.7. Concerns remain regarding safety of IV rtPA, as value of 1.7 was not determined through randomized trials, and available data is controversial. Objectives: To evaluate symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) rate and outcome of IV rtPA treated AIS patients taking warfarin with INR ≤ 1.7, and compare with non-warfarin patients. Also, to evaluate rate of sICH and outcome in different INR ranges in warfarin-treated AIS patients who received IV rtPA. Methods: Retrospective chart review was performed on patients who received IV rtPA for AIS from the beginning of January 200 till the end of August 2015 (n=834), with 55 patients (6.5%) identified to be on Warfarin prior to AIS. One of these patients was excluded because of INR being greater than 1.7. Due to differences in sample size (54 vs 779), Warfarin group was matched in case-control manner with 54 non-warfarin patients with similar sICH risk factors (age, admission NIHSS, history of diabetes, history of atrial fibrillation), eliminating need to adjust for covariates. Good outcome was defined as mRS of 0-2 on discharge, and sICH was defined as an increase in NIHSS ≥4. Frequencies of good outcome and sICH were calculated for each group and compared. Warfarin group was also dichotomized based on INR (1-1.3 vs 1.31-1.7), and safety and outcome measures of the two groups were compared. Results: In the Warfarin group, 2 patients (3.7 %) developed sICH post IV rtPA . Fifteen patients in this group (27.8%) had good outcome on discharge. After case-control matching, no significant difference was found in the frequency of patients with good outcome on discharge or occurrence of sICH between warfarin and non-warfarin groups (P=0.270 and P=0.874 respectively). Also, there were no between group differences in frequency of patients with good outcome and rate of sICH between subjects on Warfarin with an INR 1.31-1.7 ( 0 % with sICH; 26.7% with good outcome) and those with INR < 1.3 (5.1% with sICH ; 28.2 % with good outcome) (p=0.910 and p=0. 371 respectively) Conclusion: Our results suggest that IV rtPA does not increase the risk of sICH in Warfarin treated patients with INR≤1.7.

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Hypercoagulation on Thromboelastography Predicts Early Neurological Deterioration in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke

Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽

10.1159/000492729 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 46 (3-4) ◽

pp. 123-129 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Zhu Shi ◽

Wei C. Zheng ◽

Xiao L. Fu ◽

Xue W. Fang ◽

Pei S. Xia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Roc Curves ◽

Neurological Deterioration ◽

Nihss Score ◽

Lower Tertile ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Early Neurological Deterioration ◽

History Of

Background: Thromboelastography (TEG) provides an integrated measurement of blood coagulation function and has been reported to be a useful tool for predicting clinical outcomes in patients with cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to investigate the application of TEG on admission for predicting early neurological deterioration (END) in patients with acute ischemic stroke and its potential correlation with the evolution of ischemic lesions. Methods: Among patients consecutively admitted between January 1, 2016, and September 31, 2017, those presenting with mild and moderate acute ischemic stroke (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale [NIHSS] score ≤14) within 24 h of stroke onset were identified and included in this study. TEG was performed on the first day of admission. END was defined as an increase of ≥1 on subitems of the NIHSS or the emergence of new symptoms within 72 h of admission. Demographics, lab test results, and TEG values were compared according to whether END occurred. A multiple logistic regression model was then developed to investigate the predictive power of TEG for END. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were then plotted to evaluate the optimal cutoff values. Results: Of the 246 eligible patients (mean age 65.3 ± 12.9 years, 73.6% male), END was identified in 72 (29.3%) patients. Patients with END corresponded to a higher proportion of females, a more prevalent history of diabetes mellitus (DM), higher baseline NIHSS scores, higher serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels, and significantly shorter R on TEG (4.0 ± 1.0 vs. 4.7 ± 1.2 min, p < 0.001). In further comparisons stratified by R tertiles, significant trends were found between shorter R and being female and older and being more likely to exhibit diffusion weighted imaging progression on follow-up MRI. After adjusting for female sex, baseline NIHSS score, DM, and hsCRP, the lower tertile of R (R ≤3.8 min) was strongly associated with END (OR 3.556, 95% CI 1.165–10.856, p < 0.001). ROC analysis demonstrated that R ≤3.45 min had the best predictive value for END with 87.9% sensitivity and 40.3% specificity. Conclusion: Decreased R time on admission TEG is associated with END within 3 days in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

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High Risk of One-year Stroke Recurrence in Patients with Younger Age and Prior History of Ischemic Stroke

Current Neurovascular Research ◽

10.2174/1567202616666190618164528 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 250-257 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jiann-Der Lee ◽

Ya-Han Hu ◽

Meng Lee ◽

Yen-Chu Huang ◽

Ya-Wen Kuo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Stroke Recurrence ◽

Prior History ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽

Cart Analysis ◽

Younger Age ◽

History Of ◽

One Year

Background and Purpose: Recurrent ischemic strokes increase the risk of disability and mortality. The role of conventional risk factors in recurrent strokes may change due to increased awareness of prevention strategies. The aim of this study was to explore the potential risk factors besides conventional ones which may help to affect the advances in future preventive concepts associated with one-year stroke recurrence (OSR). Methods: We analyzed 6,632 adult patients with ischemic stroke. Differences in clinical characteristics between patients with and without OSR were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression and classification and regression tree (CART) analyses. Results: Among the study population, 525 patients (7.9%) had OSR. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that male sex (OR 1.243, 95% CI 1.025 – 1.506), age (OR 1.015, 95% CI 1.007 - 1.023), and a prior history of ischemic stroke (OR 1.331, 95% CI 1.096 – 1.615) were major factors associated with OSR. CART analysis further identified age and a prior history of ischemic stroke were important factors for OSR when classified the patients into three subgroups (with risks of OSR of 8.8%, 3.8%, and 12.5% for patients aged > 57.5 years, ≤ 57.5 years/with no prior history of ischemic stroke, and ≤ 57.5 years/with a prior history of ischemic stroke, respectively). Conclusions: Male sex, age, and a prior history of ischemic stroke could increase the risk of OSR by multivariate logistic regression analysis, and CART analysis further demonstrated that patients with a younger age (≤ 57.5 years) and a prior history of ischemic stroke had the highest risk of OSR.

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Factors Associated with Clinician Adherence to USPSTF Diabetes Screening Recommendations

Journal of Primary Care & Community Health ◽

10.1177/21501327211016579 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. 215013272110165

Author(s):

Elaine Seaton Banerjee ◽

Kyle Shaak ◽

Nicole Burgess ◽

Melanie Johnson ◽

Beth Careyva

Keyword(s):

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Adult Population ◽

Correct Diagnosis ◽

Retrospective Chart Review ◽

Diabetes Screening ◽

Factors Associated ◽

The Us ◽

History Of ◽

Missed Diagnosis ◽

Significant Health

Introduction/Objectives: Diabetes and prediabetes impact nearly half of the US adult population and are associated with significant health risks but may be underdiagnosed. Effective screening may improve diagnosis and give patients opportunity to manage their disease. The purpose of this study was to determine screening rates, identify characteristics predictive of screening, and evaluate correct diagnosis of diabetes and prediabetes. Methods: Retrospective chart review of 71 433 patients eligible for diabetes screening, defined by completing A1c test within the 3-year study period. Results: A total of 31.3% of eligible patients received diabetes screening. Factors associated with screening include older age, female sex, non-white race, Hispanic ethnicity, Medicare or Medicaid insurance, higher BMI, and having a medical comorbidity. History of prediabetes or gestational diabetes were the strongest predictors for diabetes screening, but history of gestational diabetes was under-documented. Of those screened, 10.4% had a result consistent with diabetes and 51.8% had a result consistent with prediabetes. However, 52.9% of these patients had a missed diagnosis. Conclusions: Findings of this study indicate the need for uniform coverage for diabetes screening for all insurances, increased documentation of gestational diabetes to improve screening for patients with this history, and improving accurate diagnosis after screening is completed.

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Abstract WP226: Short Lasting Runs (<30 sec) of Atrial Fibrillation are More Commonly Observed in Ischemic Stroke Patients in Comparison to Controls

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.47.suppl_1.wp226 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 47 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Ethem Murat Arsava ◽

Ezgi Yetim ◽

Ugur Canpolat ◽

Necla Ozer ◽

Kudret Aytemir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Multivariate Analyses ◽

Holter Monitoring ◽

Female Gender ◽

Prior History ◽

Consecutive Series ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

History Of

Background: The role of short-lasting (<30 sec) runs of atrial fibrillation (AF) in ischemic stroke pathophysiology is currently unknown. Although these non-sustained attacks are considered as a risk factor for future development of longer lasting, classical AF episodes, prior research has highlighted that associated clinical stroke features are not entirely similar between these two types of arrhythmias. In this study we determined the prevalence of short-lasting AF in stroke-free controls and compared it to a consecutive series of ischemic stroke patients. Methods: A total 235 controls, without any prior history stroke or AF, were evaluated with ECG and 24-hour Holter monitoring for the presence of <30-sec or ≥30-sec lasting AF episodes. The results were compared to a consecutive series of ischemic stroke patients without prior history of AF (n=456). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine demographic and cardiovascular factors related to <30-sec lasting AF and its association with ischemic stroke. Results: Expectedly, the frequency of newly diagnosed ≥30-sec lasting AF, detected either on ECG or Holter monitoring, was significantly higher in patients with ischemic stroke (18% vs. 2%; p<0.01). Non-sustained AF was positively related to old age (p<0.01), female gender (p=0.01) and hypertension (p<0.01) in univariate analyses. In multivariate analyses, after adjustment for demographic and cardiovascular risk factors, presence of non-sustained AF was significantly higher among both cryptogenic (OR 1.78; 95% CI 1.02-3.10) and non-cryptogenic (OR 1.84; 95% CI 1.15-2.94) stroke patients with respect to controls. Conclusion: Our study shows a higher prevalence of non-sustained AF episodes in ischemic stroke patients in comparison to controls. Whether this cross-sectional association translates into causality in terms of stroke pathophysiology will be the subject of future studies.

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Abstract 2825: History of Cancer Predicts Mortality After Acute Endovascular Treatment for Ischemic Stroke

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.43.suppl_1.a2825 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 43 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Karl Meisel ◽

Mahesh Jayaraman ◽

Jonathan Grossberg ◽

Anthony Kim

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Endovascular Treatment ◽

Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽

Endovascular Therapy ◽

Hospice Care ◽

Exploratory Analysis ◽

Endovascular Intervention ◽

Consecutive Series ◽

History Of ◽

History Of Cancer

Introduction: Endovascular treatment is an emerging therapy for acute ischemic stroke. There is no clear consensus about how best to select patients that may benefit from intervention. We conducted an exploratory analysis of clinical risk factors to predict mortality after endovascular intervention in order to better understand how to improve outcomes for patients with acute ischemic stroke. Methods: We identified consecutive series of patients treated with endovascular therapy for acute ischemic stroke at two academic hospitals between 2005 to 2010. Key clinical data elements and clinical outcomes at the time of discharge were abstracted from medical records. We evaluated univariate and multivariable associations using logistic regression and compared mean NIH Stroke Scale between those with and without a history of cancer using the t-test. Results: We identified 88 patients who received endovascular intervention with intra-arterial tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and/or mechanical thrombectomy. The mean age of the cohort was 68.2 (SD 16.6) and 44 (55%) were female. A total of 23 (26.1%) patients died during the index hospitalization or were discharged to hospice care. A history of cancer was documented in 20 (22.7%) patients. A history of cancer was associated with a 3.2-fold (95% CI 1.1-9.1) higher odds of mortality. This association persisted after adjusting for age greater than 80 years and hypertension (OR of 4.0, 95% CI 1.3-12). The average NIH Stroke Scale was 15.6 in those with cancer compared to 14.6 without (p=0.53). A history of cancer was not associated with parenchymal hemorrhagic transformation (OR 1.2, 95% CI 0.3-4.9), IV tPA (OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.1-2.3), a TIMI score of 2b or 3 (OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.2-1.3), or an internal carotid artery occlusion (OR 1.7, 95% CI 0.5-5.1). Conclusions: In an exploratory analysis of consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with endovascular therapy, a history of cancer was strongly associated with significantly increased odds of mortality. One possible explanation could be that patients with cancer may have earlier withdrawal of care but the reasons for this observed association are unclear. Further investigation is necessary to verify and explain the reasons for this observation in order to improve outcomes for acute ischemic stroke patients.

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Abstract TP201: The Relationship Between Chronic Kidney Diseases and the Presence of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.48.suppl_1.tp201 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Kana Ueki ◽

Asako Nakamura ◽

Masahiro Yasaka ◽

Takahiro Kuwashiro ◽

Seiji Gotoh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

White Matter ◽

Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽

White Matter Lesion ◽

Kidney Diseases ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Small Vessel ◽

Chronic Kidney Diseases ◽

History Of ◽

The Relationship

Introduction: Cerebral small vessel diseases (SVDs) i.e. white matter lesion and cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are related to the patients with stroke more deeply than those without. In general population, in addition to age, hypertension, diabetes chronic kidney diseases (CKD) is well known to be related to SVDs, but it remains unclear in patients with stroke. We investigated the relationship between CKD and the presence of SVDs in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Methods: We enrolled 493 patients with acute ischemic stroke patients or transient ischemic attack patients (mean age 71; 60% male) who had undergone 1.5T MR imaging within a week of the index events from April 2013 to march 2015. We evaluated kidney function by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) with the modification of diet in Renal Disease. CKD was defined as an eGFR less than 60mil/min/1.73m 2 . CMBs were defined as focal areas of very low signal intensity smaller than 10mm. White matter lesion as Periventricular hyper intensity (PVH)>grade 2 and Deep and Subcortical White Matter Hyper intensity (DSWMH)> grade 2 were defied as advanced PVH and advanced DSWMH, respectively. We investigated relationship between CKD and CMBs, advanced PVH and advanced DSWMH using a logistic regression analysis. Results: We noted CMBs in 173 patients (35%), PVH in 81 (16%), and DSWMH in 151 (31%). An univariate analysis revealed that the age, CKD, history of stroke, and antiplatelet agents were associated with presence of CMBs, advanced PVH and severe DSWMH . The multivariate analysis revealed that CMBs, advanced PVH and advanced DSWMH were associated with age (CMBs: odds ratio(OR) ; 1.32 ; 95% confidence interval(CI), 1.10-1.60, p=0.004, advanced PVH : OR ; 3.00 ; 95% CI, 2.17-4.26, p<0.01, advanced DSWMH: OR ; 1.94; 95% CI, 1.56-2.45, p<0.01 ), history of stroke(CMBs : OR ; 2.01 ; 95% CI, 1.21-3.34, p=0.007, advanced PVH : OR ; 2.25 ; 95% CI, 1.18-4.27, p=0.01, advanced DSWMH: OR ; 1.78 ; 95% CI, 1.03-3.06, p=0.038). CKD was associated with CMBs (OR ; 1.62 ; 95% CI, 1.04-2.52, p=0.03), but PVH and DSWMH were not. Conclusions: It seems that age and history of stroke are related to CMBs, advanced PVH and advanced DSWMH, and that CKD is associates with CMBs but not with either advanced PVH or advanced DSWMH.

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