scholarly journals About Open Science and Autonomy of Science

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-63
Author(s):  
Paolo Budroni
Keyword(s):  
Data Science ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Lingua Franca ◽  
The Past ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
European Science ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
Autonomy Of Science ◽  
The Way

This article invites us to a concise walk through the past, offering insights defined by the major challenges science encountered during the centuries. Some lessons for today and tomorrow are enumerated in the three sections of the article, and they go beyond the relatively few perspectives offered by today's Data Science: Open Science (OS) is what has always happened and is nothing new, because science has always sought to be open. Esthetical values played a relevant role in the past. Former scientists recognized the intrinsic relation between the way they opened science and the way they followed the principles of beauty and the sense of esthetic. Their groundbreaking heritage still inspires us in being ready to open new ways in science. Whereas Latin was the original lingua franca of European science, and English is the recent lingua franca, the new lingua franca is software. Pieces of software are the filter, which connect researchers to the world, through layers of data. They assist in observing, in choosing, and in selecting. Open scientists should be aware of the fact that their autonomy in science depends on the quality of these pieces. Another lesson is that ethics—regarded as a source of innovative activities—must be a core component of innovative processes in OS, because society needs a responsible use of data and algorithms in corresponding practices that serve OS.

La rigenerazione urbana come problema di ri-composizione architettonica

TERRITORIO ◽  
2012 ◽  
pp. 77-79
Author(s):  
Roberto Spagnolo
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Urban Regeneration ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
The Past ◽  
Public Perspective ◽  
The Way

Urban regeneration is currently the most important issue in a period of building saturation and a severe public sector crisis. Cities no longer need to grow and the issue of critically rethinking the ‘already built' is acquiring decisive ethical and cultural value. It is therefore no longer a question of accumulation, expansion and consumption, but of rationalisation and moderation, saving, repair and integration. The regeneration of towns and cities and space already in use forms part of the now inescapable change of public perspective and is becoming an opportunity to reconsider our environment and the quality of spaces. What is needed in this context, however, is understanding and awareness of how much and how it is possible to manipulate and modify architectures that are ‘not sustainable' from an energy viewpoint, but are significant in the way they represent the architectural culture and traditions of the past.

scholarly journals FAIR Digital Objects for Science: From Data Pieces to Actionable Knowledge Units

Publications ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koenraad De Smedt ◽  
Dimitris Koureas ◽  
Peter Wittenburg
Keyword(s):  
Data Science ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Digital Object ◽  
Data Interoperability ◽  
Actionable Knowledge ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Communities ◽  
Digital Objects

Data science is facing the following major challenges: (1) developing scalable cross-disciplinary capabilities, (2) dealing with the increasing data volumes and their inherent complexity, (3) building tools that help to build trust, (4) creating mechanisms to efficiently operate in the domain of scientific assertions, (5) turning data into actionable knowledge units and (6) promoting data interoperability. As a way to overcome these challenges, we further develop the proposals by early Internet pioneers for Digital Objects as encapsulations of data and metadata made accessible by persistent identifiers. In the past decade, this concept was revisited by various groups within the Research Data Alliance and put in the context of the FAIR Guiding Principles for findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable data. The basic components of a FAIR Digital Object (FDO) as a self-contained, typed, machine-actionable data package are explained. A survey of use cases has indicated the growing interest of research communities in FDO solutions. We conclude that the FDO concept has the potential to act as the interoperable federative core of a hyperinfrastructure initiative such as the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC).

scholarly journals Visualizing mutation occurrence using Big Data

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvana Iuliana Albert
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Genetic Information ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Way

The volume of collected genetic data has been growing exponentially in the past few years and we need to improve the way we store, analyze and visualize it in order to be able to draw relevant conclusions that could improve the life quality of people. Extracting patterns and predicting future mutations and their impact will rely heavily on the efficient use of Big Data. Often a mutation on its own cannot provide enough information about a disorder or disease. Only if we combine the genetic information with the organism’s environment we can draw some conclusions about penetrance and expressively of the mutation. Because many genes can cause a single disease and at the same time a single gene can cause multiple diseases, we need to analyze the whole context of a person. In this work, a distributed solution that provides demographics and metrics about diagnostics and mutations is pro posed. Seeing the occurrence of a mutation in a particular geographic region can help medical special ists narrow down the search for a patient’s mutations without sequencing the whole genome.

scholarly journals A new era for the music industry: How new technologies and the internet affect the way music is valued and have an impact on output quality

2008 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tassos Patokos
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Music Industry ◽  
The Internet ◽  
New Era ◽  
The Past ◽  
Output Quality ◽  
Marketing Tool ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Way

Since its early days, the Internet has been used by the music industry as a powerful marketing tool to promote artists and their products. Nevertheless, technology developments of the past ten years, and especially the ever-growing phenomenon of file sharing, have created the general impression that the Internet is responsible for a crisis within the industry, on the grounds that music piracy has become more serious than it has ever been. The purpose of this paper is to present the impact of new technologies and the Internet on the three main actors of the music industry: consumers, artists and record companies. It is claimed that the Internet has changed the way music is valued, and also, that it may have a direct effect on the quality of the music produced, as perceived by both artists and consumers alike.

The haunting quality of racism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Durrheim ◽  
Amy Jo Murray
Keyword(s):  
Political Action ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
The Past ◽  
What Is Said ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Way

Anti-racism has nurtured many visions of post-racism futures. All this talk and political action relies on and reproduces discourses of racism. While much of this discursive force lies in what is said, we argue that a haunting quality of racism may arise from what is unsaid. This includes the multifarious points of connection between the present and the past. We are all implicated, albeit unevenly. This article describes the phenomenon of spectral racism that arises from such implicature. We develop a discursive account of its constitution in acts of dialogical repression, and we consider some of the social psychological and political ramifications of haunting racism. We illustrate our arguments by an analysis of the way the prohibition against the use of the k-word echoes the toxic past and zombifies racism via psychological enticement.

scholarly journals Analysis of Aspects Required to Improve Customer Experience in Indonesia’s Internet Broadband

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-101
Author(s):  
Wendy Junaidi
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Customer Experience ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
Broadband Internet ◽  
The Past ◽  
Service Expectations ◽  
Tv Shows ◽  
Watching Tv ◽  
The Way

In the digital age, transactions range from hailing a taxi to watching TV shows on demand that depend on an internet connection. As consumers have more power than ever before, today’s internet service providers face more demanding service expectations from customers than in the past, they recognize the need to improve certain aspects of business, including the quality of the experience they provide to customers. In other words, meeting the demands of broadband internet has its own challenges. The purpose of this study is to provide insights regarding challenges along the customer journey as the opportunities for improvement. The results showed that longer time from ordering to installation and frequent network disconnection are prioritized customer experience issues in internet broadband business and service providers need to focus on improving on the way companies engage the customers through reliable touch points and resetting the way people work in the organization to be more customer-centric.

Use of Data Analytics to Increase the Efficiency of Last Mile Logistics for Ecommerce Deliveries

2021 ◽  
pp. 167-180
Author(s):  
Gaurav Nagpal ◽  
Gaurav Kumar Bishnoi ◽  
Harman Singh Dhami ◽  
Akshat Vijayvargia
Keyword(s):  
Data Analytics ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Operational Efficiency ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Last Mile ◽  
Digital Transactions ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Operational Excellence ◽  
The Way

With the increasing share of digital transactions in the business, the way of operating the businesses has changed drastically, leading to an immense opportunity for achieving the operational excellence in the digital transactions. This chapter focusses on the ways of using data science to improve the operational efficiency of the last mile leg in the delivery shipments for e-commerce. Some of these avenues are predicting the attrition of field executives, identification of fake delivery attempts, reduction of mis-routing, identification of bad addresses, more effective resolution of weight disputes with the clients, reverse geo-coding for locality mapping, etc. The chapter also discusses the caution to be exercised in the use of data science, and the flip side of trying to quantify and dissect the phenomenon that is so complex and subjective in nature.

scholarly journals Traditional Chinese Medicine in the United States: Current state, regulations, challenges, and the way forward

2020 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
Louis Lei Jin ◽  
Jin Zheng ◽  
Niyaz M. Honarvar ◽  
Xiqun Chen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
The United States ◽  
Medical Systems ◽  
State Regulations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Way

In the United States, there has been a steady presence and growth of Traditional Medicine (interchangeable in this paper with Complementary or Alternative Medicine) over the past few decades. The costs for such practices are relatively low along with minimal-to-no obvious side effects. Amongst a variety of traditional medical systems, Traditional Chinese Medicine is one of the most popular alternatives to help manage chronic health conditions or to improve the overall quality of life. While not exhaustive, this paper provides a snapshot of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the United States with insights into its current state, regulations, challenges, and the way forward.

scholarly journals Antiquarian attitudes. Changing responses to the past in the museum environment

1970 ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Arthur MacGregor
Keyword(s):  
Design Quality ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of Collecting ◽  
History Of ◽  
Museum Environment ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Way ◽  
Common Components

Of the many attributes that may deem an object worthy of inclusion in a museum, that of antiquity is one of the most potent - in a sense the most powerful of all, for other considerations such as beauty of form, originality of design, quality of workmanship or historical association may all be glossed over in the presence of extreme age. While antiquities have formed common components of museums throughout the history of collecting, striking changes have taken place in the significance attributed to them, not merely in the light of better understanding but more fundamentally in the way in which perceptions of antiquity itself have been repeatedly revised and reinterpreted within the museum context. These twin considerations of expanding understanding and changing perceptions of the past within the museum programme will form the basis of my paper. 

Methodological and Substantive Remarks on Myth, Memory and History in the Construction of a European Community

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Stråth
Keyword(s):  
Critical Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
Narrative Structures ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
One Step ◽  
Critical Scrutiny ◽  
Hayden White ◽  
Narrative Framework ◽  
The Way

Over the last decades, a shift has occurred in the methodology of academic historiography, from an earlier focus on the quality of the sources towards the narrative framework of the history. The point in the new approach is that the sources are interpreted and put together into a narration. In the earlier approach, there was a kind of myopic source criticism, which stopped at the sources and never really questioned the way in which they were put together into a narration. The way in which this composition is made is as biased as the sources on which the narration is based. For this reason, critical scrutiny must move one step forward, instead of halting at the sources. The path-breaking Metahistory by Hayden White in 1973 demonstrated, in a provocative way, the bias in narrative structures. He moved the focus from the sources as such, towards the manner in which they were employed. When the book was published, it was generally rejected and marginalized by the historians’ craft. Today, it is no exaggeration to say that, even if it is not generally recognized, at least it is widely accepted. Metahistory alluded, of course, to metaphysics. White's conclusion was that history is basically ideology. History is not the past per se, nor, as Ranke argued, is it wie es eigentlich gewesen, but a reflection on the past from the present. This methodological shift does not deny the continued importance of a critical approach to the sources and does not reject the existence of events and facts. Methodological rules of how to evaluate sources critically are still valid. The events and the facts based on the events can be documented. No serious historian founding his or her work on sources would deny the fact that, for instance, the Holocaust really did occur.

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