scholarly journals Cross-frequency Phase–Amplitude Coupling as a Mechanism for Temporal Orienting of Attention in Childhood

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 594-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Mento ◽  
Duncan E. Astle ◽  
Gaia Scerif
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Response Preparation ◽  
Strongly Coupled ◽  
Oscillatory Dynamics ◽  
Beta Power ◽  
Temporal Intervals ◽  
Phase Amplitude ◽  
Frequency Phase ◽  
Temporal Orienting

Temporal orienting of attention operates by biasing the allocation of cognitive and motor resources in specific moments in time, resulting in the improved processing of information from expected compared with unexpected targets. Recent findings have shown that temporal orienting operates relatively early across development, suggesting that this attentional mechanism plays a core role for human cognition. However, the exact neurophysiological mechanisms allowing children to attune their attention over time are not well understood. In this study, we presented 8- to 12-year-old children with a temporal cueing task designed to test (1) whether anticipatory oscillatory dynamics predict children's behavioral performance on a trial-by-trial basis and (2) whether anticipatory oscillatory neural activity may be supported by cross-frequency phase–amplitude coupling as previously shown in adults. Crucially, we found that, similar to what has been reported in adults, children's ongoing beta rhythm was strongly coupled with their theta rhythm and that the strength of this coupling distinguished validly cued temporal intervals, relative to neutral cued trials. In addition, in long trials, there was an inverse correlation between oscillatory beta power and children's trial-by-trial reaction, consistent with oscillatory beta power reflecting better response preparation. These findings provide the first experimental evidence that temporal attention in children operates by exploiting oscillatory mechanism.

scholarly journals Modulation of dopamine tone induces frequency shifts in cortico-basal ganglia beta oscillations

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Iskhakova ◽  
P. Rappel ◽  
M. Deffains ◽  
G. Fonar ◽  
O. Marmor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Phase Locking ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Dopamine Depletion ◽  
Beta Oscillations ◽  
Strongly Coupled ◽  
Beta Power ◽  
Oscillatory Power ◽  
Phase Amplitude ◽  
Beta Frequency

AbstractΒeta oscillatory activity (human: 13–35 Hz; primate: 8–24 Hz) is pervasive within the cortex and basal ganglia. Studies in Parkinson’s disease patients and animal models suggest that beta-power increases with dopamine depletion. However, the exact relationship between oscillatory power, frequency and dopamine tone remains unclear. We recorded neural activity in the cortex and basal ganglia of healthy non-human primates while acutely and chronically up- and down-modulating dopamine levels. We assessed changes in beta oscillations in patients with Parkinson’s following acute and chronic changes in dopamine tone. Here we show beta oscillation frequency is strongly coupled with dopamine tone in both monkeys and humans. Power, coherence between single-units and local field potentials (LFP), spike-LFP phase-locking, and phase-amplitude coupling are not systematically regulated by dopamine levels. These results demonstrate that beta frequency is a key property of pathological oscillations in cortical and basal ganglia networks.

scholarly journals Syntactic Unification Operations Are Reflected in Oscillatory Dynamics during On-line Sentence Comprehension

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 1333-1347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Bastiaansen ◽  
Lilla Magyari ◽  
Peter Hagoort
Keyword(s):  
Sentence Comprehension ◽  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Oscillatory Dynamics ◽  
Word Category ◽  
Gamma Frequency ◽  
Sentence Level ◽  
Beta Power ◽  
Beta Frequency Band

There is growing evidence suggesting that synchronization changes in the oscillatory neuronal dynamics in the EEG or MEG reflect the transient coupling and uncoupling of functional networks related to different aspects of language comprehension. In this work, we examine how sentence-level syntactic unification operations are reflected in the oscillatory dynamics of the MEG. Participants read sentences that were either correct, contained a word category violation, or were constituted of random word sequences devoid of syntactic structure. A time–frequency analysis of MEG power changes revealed three types of effects. The first type of effect was related to the detection of a (word category) violation in a syntactically structured sentence, and was found in the alpha and gamma frequency bands. A second type of effect was maximally sensitive to the syntactic manipulations: A linear increase in beta power across the sentence was present for correct sentences, was disrupted upon the occurrence of a word category violation, and was absent in syntactically unstructured random word sequences. We therefore relate this effect to syntactic unification operations. Thirdly, we observed a linear increase in theta power across the sentence for all syntactically structured sentences. The effects are tentatively related to the building of a working memory trace of the linguistic input. In conclusion, the data seem to suggest that syntactic unification is reflected by neuronal synchronization in the lower-beta frequency band.

scholarly journals Frontal and motor cortex contributions to response inhibition: evidence from electrocorticography

2016 ◽  
Vol 115 (4) ◽  
pp. 2224-2236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne M. Fonken ◽  
Jochem W. Rieger ◽  
Elinor Tzvi ◽  
Nathan E. Crone ◽  
Edward Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Response Inhibition ◽  
Motor Preparation ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Stop Signal ◽  
Response Preparation ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Beta Power ◽  
High Gamma ◽  
Stop Signal Reaction Time

Changes in the environment require rapid modification or inhibition of ongoing behavior. We used the stop-signal paradigm and intracranial recordings to investigate response preparation, inhibition, and monitoring of task-relevant information. Electrocorticographic data were recorded in eight patients with electrodes covering frontal, temporal, and parietal cortex, and time-frequency analysis was used to examine power differences in the beta (13–30 Hz) and high-gamma bands (60–180 Hz). Over motor cortex, beta power decreased, and high-gamma power increased during motor preparation for both go trials (Go) and unsuccessful stops (US). For successful stops (SS), beta increased, and high-gamma was reduced, indexing the cancellation of the prepared response. In the middle frontal gyrus (MFG), stop signals elicited a transient high-gamma increase. The MFG response occurred before the estimated stop-signal reaction time but did not distinguish between SS and US trials, likely signaling attention to the salient stop stimulus. A postresponse high-gamma increase in MFG was stronger for US compared with SS and absent in Go, supporting a role in behavior monitoring. These results provide evidence for differential contributions of frontal subregions to response inhibition, including motor preparation and inhibitory control in motor cortex and cognitive control and action evaluation in lateral prefrontal cortex.

scholarly journals Causal Role of Beta Oscillations in Time Estimation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Wiener ◽  
Alomi Parikh ◽  
Arielle Krakow ◽  
H. Branch Coslett
Keyword(s):  
Time Estimation ◽  
Causal Connection ◽  
Choice Data ◽  
Beta Oscillations ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Beta Power ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Temporal Intervals ◽  
Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation ◽  
Perception Of Time

AbstractThe neural mechanisms underlying time perception are of vital importance to a comprehensive understanding of behavior and cognition. Recent work has pointed to a supramodal role for beta oscillations in coordinating endogenous timing mechanisms for the purpose of measuring temporal intervals. However, the majority of this work has employed paradigms relying on timed motor responses, which are confounded by beta’s established role in motor movement. Further, no study to date has tested if the alteration of beta oscillations subsequently impacts timing. Here, we address these concerns and demonstrate for the first time a causal connection between beta oscillations and timing. To accomplish this, we first re-analyzed two, separate EEG datasets from psychophysical experiments (Wiener, et al. 2012; 2015) demonstrating that beta oscillations are associated with the retention and comparison of a memory standard for duration, and that transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the right supramarginal gyrus leads to an increase in midline beta power during the encoding of a temporal interval, corresponding with a longer perceived interval of time. Next, we conducted a study of 20 healthy human participants using transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS), over frontocentral cortex, at alpha (10Hz) and beta (20Hz) frequencies, during a visual temporal bisection task, demonstrating that beta stimulation exclusively shifts the perception of time such that stimuli are reported as longer in length, while preserving precision. Finally, we decomposed trial-by-trial choice data with a drift diffusion model of decision making and temporal encoding that reveals the shift in timing is caused by a change in the starting point of accumulation, rather than the drift rate or threshold. Our results provide causal evidence of beta’s involvement in the perception of time, and point to a specific role for beta oscillations in the encoding and retention of memory for temporal intervals.

scholarly journals Frequency matters: Up- and Down-Regulation of Dopamine Tone Induces Similar Frequency Shifts in Cortico-Basal Ganglia Beta Oscillations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Iskhakova ◽  
P. Rappel ◽  
G. Fonar ◽  
O. Marmor ◽  
R. Paz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Phase Locking ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Dopamine Depletion ◽  
Beta Oscillations ◽  
Similar Frequency ◽  
Strongly Coupled ◽  
Beta Power ◽  
Oscillatory Power ◽  
Network Studies

AbstractBeta oscillatory activity (13-30Hz) is pervasive within the cortico-basal ganglia (CBG) network. Studies in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients and animal models suggested that beta-power increases with dopamine depletion. However, the exact relationship between oscillatory power, frequency and dopamine-tone remains unclear. We recorded neural activity in the CBG network of non-human-primates (NHP) while acutely up- and down-modulating dopamine levels. Further, we assessed changes in beta oscillations of PD patients following acute and chronic changes in dopamine-tone. Beta oscillation frequency was strongly coupled with dopamine-tone in both NHPs and human patients. In contrast, power, coherence between single-units and LFP, and spike-LFP phase-locking were not systematically regulated by dopamine levels. These results demonstrate via causal manipulations that frequency, rather than other properties, is the key property of pathological oscillations in the CBG networks. These insights can lead to improvements in understanding of CBG physiology, PD progression tracking and patient care.

scholarly journals Frontoparietal connectivity correlates with working memory performance in multiple sclerosis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Figueroa-Vargas ◽  
Claudia Cárcamo ◽  
Rodrigo Henríquez-Ch ◽  
Francisco Zamorano ◽  
Ethel Ciampi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Deficit ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Working Memory Capacity ◽  
Theta Activity ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Oscillatory Dynamics ◽  
Phase Amplitude

AbstractWorking Memory (WM) impairment is the most common cognitive deficit of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients. However, evidence of its neurobiological mechanisms is scarce. Here we recorded electroencephalographic activity of twenty patients with relapsing-remitting MS and minimal cognitive deficit, and 20 healthy control (HC) subjects while they solved a WM task. In spite of similar performance, the HC group demonstrated both a correlation between temporoparietal theta activity and memory load, and a correlation between medial frontal theta activity and successful memory performances. MS patients did not show theses correlations leading significant differences between groups. Moreover, cortical connectivity analyses using granger causality and phase-amplitude coupling between theta and gamma revealed that HC group, but not MS group, presented a load-modulated progression of the frontal-to-parietal connectivity. This connectivity correlated with working memory capacity in MS groups. This early alterations in the oscillatory dynamics underlaying working memory could be useful for plan therapeutic interventions

scholarly journals On cross-frequency phase-phase coupling between theta and gamma oscillations in the hippocampus

eLife ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robson Scheffer-Teixeira ◽  
Adriano BL Tort
Keyword(s):  
Phase Locking ◽  
Gamma Oscillations ◽  
Linear Phase ◽  
Phase Coupling ◽  
Neuronal Coding ◽  
Theoretical Support ◽  
Hippocampal Activity ◽  
Phase Amplitude ◽  
Phase Phase ◽  
Frequency Phase

Phase-amplitude coupling between theta and multiple gamma sub-bands is a hallmark of hippocampal activity and believed to take part in information routing. More recently, theta and gamma oscillations were also reported to exhibit phase-phase coupling, or n:m phase-locking, suggesting an important mechanism of neuronal coding that has long received theoretical support. However, by analyzing simulated and actual LFPs, here we question the existence of theta-gamma phase-phase coupling in the rat hippocampus. We show that the quasi-linear phase shifts introduced by filtering lead to spurious coupling levels in both white noise and hippocampal LFPs, which highly depend on epoch length, and that significant coupling may be falsely detected when employing improper surrogate methods. We also show that waveform asymmetry and frequency harmonics may generate artifactual n:m phase-locking. Studies investigating phase-phase coupling should rely on appropriate statistical controls and be aware of confounding factors; otherwise, they could easily fall into analysis pitfalls.

scholarly journals Oscillatory dynamics underlying noun and verb production in highly proficient bilinguals

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Geng ◽  
Nicola Molinaro ◽  
Polina Timofeeva ◽  
Ileana Quiñones ◽  
Manuel Carreiras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Window ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Naming Task ◽  
Neural Representation ◽  
Middle Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Oscillatory Dynamics ◽  
Beta Power ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Visual Cortices ◽  
Alpha Beta

AbstractWords representing objects (nouns) and words representing actions (verbs) are essential components of speech across languages. While there is evidence regarding the organizational principles governing neural representation of nouns and verbs in monolingual speakers, little is known about how this knowledge is represented in the bilingual brain. To address this gap, we recorded neuromagnetic signals while highly proficient Spanish–Basque bilinguals performed a picture-naming task and tracked the brain oscillatory dynamics underlying this process. We found theta (4–8 Hz) power increases and alpha–beta (8–25 Hz) power decreases irrespectively of the category and language at use in a time window classically associated to the controlled retrieval of lexico-semantic information. When comparing nouns and verbs within each language, we found theta power increases for verbs as compared to nouns in bilateral visual cortices and cognitive control areas including the left SMA and right middle temporal gyrus. In addition, stronger alpha–beta power decreases were observed for nouns as compared to verbs in visual cortices and semantic-related regions such as the left anterior temporal lobe and right premotor cortex. No differences were observed between categories across languages. Overall, our results suggest that noun and verb processing recruit partially different networks during speech production but that these category-based representations are similarly processed in the bilingual brain.

scholarly journals Tracking Individual Differences in Perception by TMS-EEG Intrinsic Effective Connectivity

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Mizuno ◽  
Masahiro Kawasaki ◽  
Masanori Shimono ◽  
Carlo Miniussi ◽  
Yuka O Okazaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Effective Connectivity ◽  
Gamma Band ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Oscillatory Dynamics ◽  
Brain Physiology ◽  
Individual Scale

AbstractNon-invasive human electroencephalography (EEG) coupled with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is currently used to measure coarse stimulus-response relationships in brain physiology during behavior. However, with key modifications, the TMS-EEG technique holds even greater promise for monitoring fine-scale neural signatures of human behavior. Here, we demonstrate that a novel TMS-EEG co-registration technique can dynamically monitor individual human variation in perception based solely on EEG resting-state intrinsic effective connectivity probed by TMS-based phase resetting of ongoing activity. We used a bistable stimulus task, where the percept is perceived as either horizontal or vertical apparent motion, to record gamma band interhemispheric integration of information. Fine-grained inter-individual behavioral differences in horizontal motion bias could be measured by tracking resting-state gamma-band effective connectivity from right hMT+ to left hMT+. Thus, our method of triggering intrinsic resting-state effective connectivity in oscillatory dynamics can monitor individual differences in perception via the long-range integration of information. This technique will be useful for the manipulative dissection of individual-scale human cognition mediated by neural dynamics and may also expand neurofeedback approaches.

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