scholarly journals Investigating the division of scientific labor using the Contributor Roles Taxonomy (CRediT)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Vincent Larivière ◽  
David Pontille ◽  
Cassidy R. Sugimoto
Keyword(s):  
Research Evaluation ◽  
Public Library ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Scholarly Journals ◽  
Research Teams ◽  
Labor Division ◽  
Scientific Labor ◽  
Responsible Research ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Number Of Authors

Contributorship statements were introduced by scholarly journals in the late 1990s to provide more details on the specific contributions made by authors to research papers. After more than a decade of idiosyncratic taxonomies by journals, a partnership between medical journals and standards organizations has led to the establishment, in 2015, of the Contributor Roles Taxonomy (CRediT), which provides a standardized set of 14 research contributions. Using the data from Public Library of Science (PLOS) journals over the 2017–2018 period ( N = 30,054 papers), this paper analyzes how research contributions are divided across research teams, focusing on the association between division of labor and number of authors, and authors’ position and specific contributions. It also assesses whether some contributions are more likely to be performed in conjunction with others and examines how the new taxonomy provides greater insight into the gendered nature of labor division. The paper concludes with a discussion of results with respect to current issues in research evaluation, science policy, and responsible research practices.

scholarly journals Functional Food—Consumer Motivations and Expectations

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5327
Author(s):  
Kinga Topolska ◽  
Adam Florkiewicz ◽  
Agnieszka Filipiak-Florkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Functional Food ◽  
Consumer Attitudes ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Nutritional Knowledge ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Food Market ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Insight Into

This review provides insight into consumer attitudes toward functional food (FF), with the purpose of better understanding the needs and behavior regarding this kind of product. A total of 47 articles were selected for this paper. The available studies from last 20 years differ according to the focus (awareness, attitudes, motivations, willingness, acceptance by consumers) and methodologies used. Several factors, including socio-demographic, cognitive and attitudinal ones, seem to be serve as the basis for the acceptance of functional products. The research papers showed that nutritional knowledge is the most important of these. Older people are more interested in functional products than younger consumers, because of their stronger belief in the health benefits of FF. Moreover, women are more open to compromise between taste and health properties. Claims concerning the disease preventative properties of FF are the most attractive for consumers. This review focuses also on future perspectives for the functional food market. Adequate knowledge and evidence-based communication seem to be the most promising ways to increase consumers’ interest in these kinds of products.

Repurposing Ruxolitinib in Combating COVID-19: a mini review

2021 ◽  
Vol 02 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inshia Begum ◽  
Fathima Murthuza ◽  
Juwairiya Syed Iqbaluddin ◽  
Hafsah Fatima Arsal
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Mixed Treatment ◽  
Marked Selectivity ◽  
Insight Into

Background: The pandemic caused by Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), also known as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Related Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), is believed to be one of the greatest threats to global health in the 21st century. Recent collective evidence has warranted Ruxolitinib as a potential agent in recovery. Ruxolitinib is a potent and selective inhibitor of Jack kinase (JAK) 1 and 2 with modest to marked selectivity against tyrosine kinase two and JAK3. Objective: The review aims to outline the current evidence regarding the repurposed treatment for COVID- 19 and give insight into the clinical trials. There has been considerable interest in introducing existing therapeutic agents against COVID-19 to reduce the severity of illness and ease the burden on public healthcare systems. Method: A literature search was conducted using keywords like ‘Ruxolitinib trial’ and ‘COVID-19 Ruxolitinib’ on PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Cochrane databases to select research papers and articles on the topic published from January to October 2020. Inclusion criteria were restricted to articles on Ruxolitinib and COVID. In contrast, the exclusion criteria stipulated that any study done on COVID-19 involving a mixed treatment regimen with Ruxolitinib and other drug/s or any studies not pertinent to the purpose of the study would be omitted. Conclusion: Based on the successful outcomes of various researches conducted and clinical trials performed, the use of Ruxolitinib has shown significant improvement and faster clinical recovery among COVID-19 patients of varying severity of infection, advanced age, and multiple comorbidities. This review provides an overview of various such studies with their promising outcomes.

Evaluation for Arts-Based Research Performance: Audience Perceptions of Rising from the Ashes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Viega
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Research Evaluation ◽  
Research Performance ◽  
Music Performance ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Arts Based Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract The purpose of the study is to understand how audiences evaluated an arts-based research performance called Rising from the Ashes. Audience evaluation promises egalitarian and pluralistic perspectives that may assist artist-as-researchers with gaining new insight into out of performative arts-based research results. Rising from the Ashes was performed several times between 2015 and 2019. Evaluations were provided to six different audiences and consisted of rating-scale and open-ended questions based on general criteria for judging arts-based research: incisiveness, concision, generativity, social significance, evocation and illumination, and coherence. Descriptive rating scores and thematic analysis of open-ended questions aided in the artist-as-researcher’s understanding of how audiences responded to the performances. Descriptive scores showed that audiences strongly agreed that the performance was concise, incisive, and evocative and illuminating. The performance was less likely to support audiences’ understanding of the social issues addressed in the study, which implied decreased generativity and social significance. Open-ended questions enhanced and supported rating-scale responses as well as revealed specific elements of the performance that addressed its coherence. The results deepened the artists-as-researcher’s understanding of potential strengths and limitations of Rising from the Ashes based on the audience evaluations. Implications for arts-based research evaluation in music therapy, particularly related to music performance, are discussed.

Emerging Research and Trends

2021 ◽  
pp. 367-399
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Business Partnerships ◽  
Prior Work ◽  
Scholarly Journals ◽  
The Past ◽  
Insight Into

This chapter serves as a review of the emerging research related to academy-business partnerships by examining dissertations, masters theses, and some reports in the past few decades. Given that most research from dissertations is not published in scholarly journals nor books, this review provides insight into the exploration of relevant topics. An attempt has been made to cluster prior work into related groupings so that a portrait of existing research can emerge. The sparse studies included in this review yielded thin clusters of research on model development, fiscal adaptations, and idiosyncratic case studies. The largest grouping of somewhat fragmented research is clustered around examinations of individuals within the partnerships and partnership-making; this latter grouping explores the various actors from the business or academy sides of such partnerships. A summary of a NACRO survey is also included to provide research-based perspectives of actual academy-business partnerships.

Investigating Assessment Standards in the Netherlands, Italy, and the United Kingdom

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-94
Author(s):  
Sabrina Petersohn ◽  
Sophie Biesenbender ◽  
Christoph Thiedig
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Research Evaluation ◽  
Research Information ◽  
Evaluation Procedures ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Assessment Standards ◽  
Responsible Research

The following contribution asks which role standards for research information play in practices of responsible research evaluation. The authors develop the notion of assessment standards against the background of functional standard classifications. The development of semantic and procedural assessment standards in the national research evaluation exercises of the Netherlands, Great Britain, and Italy are investigated using a qualitative case study design. A central finding of the study is that assessment standards incorporate conflicting values. A continuous tradeoff between the transparency of evaluation procedures and provided information as well as the variety of research outputs is being counterbalanced in all countries by compensating a higher level of semantic standardization with lower degrees of procedural standardization.

scholarly journals Organizing ERP research: a knowledge-centric approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 919-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzaneh Amani ◽  
Adam Fadlalla
Keyword(s):  
Enterprise Resource Planning ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Resource Planning ◽  
Temporal Dimension ◽  
Scholarly Journals ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Insight Into

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to gain insight into enterprise resource planning (ERP) research by framing ERP intellectual contributions using a knowledge-centric taxonomy that was originally proposed as an organizing framework for classifying conceptual contributions in marketing. Thus the paper provides a better understanding of existing gaps and future opportunities in ERP research. Design/methodology/approach Using MacInnis framework, the authors classified a sample of 300 ERP articles published during the period 2000-2014 into a topology of four generic contributions types and eight sub-types. Findings The findings indicate that whereas the explicating type received the most attention by researches, the debating type received the least. It also seems that there is a temporal dimension to the different types of conceptual contributions. Identification of usefulness of the ERP systems to business was not addressed as would have been predicted by the build-evaluate lens of March and Smith framework. Research limitations/implications The main limitation of this research is that only used articles from scholarly journals, and did not include conference proceedings, books, and other outlets. Another limitation is that the search criteria was title-based, which may have missed some relevant papers. Research implications include highlighting the importance of a knowledge-centric view of ERP research, and practical implications include the call for robust measurement criteria for ERP benefits and rigorous ERP comparison schemes. Originality/value The main contribution is providing an alternative approach to framing the ERP intellectual contributions. The proposed taxonomy revealed major areas of focus and opportunities for future ERP research emphasis. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first instantiation of MacInnis framework into ERP research.

Psychology of the Scientist: XLVIII. Recent Trends in Multiple Authorship in Psychology

1982 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 1019-1022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Mendenhall ◽  
Kenneth L. Higbee
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Authorship ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Single Authorship ◽  
Number Of Authors

Research in the late 1950s showed a trend toward increased multiple authorship, as opposed to single authorship, of research papers in psychology. This study investigated whether the trend has continued to the 1980s. Convention papers presented at the meetings of seven psychological associations, and articles published in nine APA journals, during 1980–81 were categorized by number of authors. Results indicated that the trend towards more multiple-author papers has continued, with 70% of the convention papers and 76% of the journal articles having more than one author.

scholarly journals fCite: a fractional citation tool to quantify an individual’s scientific research output

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukasz Pawel Kozlowski
Keyword(s):  
Research Output ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
User Profiles ◽  
H Index ◽  
Scientific Research Output ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Multiple Metrics ◽  
Number Of Citations ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Number Of Authors

ABSTRACTHere, I present the fCite web service (fcite.org) a tool for the in-depth analysis of an individual’s scientific research output. While multiple existing tools (e.g., Google Scholar, iCite, Microsoft Academic) focus on the total number of citations and the H-index, I propose the analysis of the research output by considering multiple metrics to provide greater insight into a scientist’s multifaceted profile. The most distinguishing feature of fCite is its ability to calculate fractional scores for most of the metrics currently in use. Thanks to the division of citations (and RCR scores) by the number of authors, the tool provides a more detailed analysis of a scholar’s portfolio. fCite is based on PUBMED data (~18 million publications), and the statistics are calculated with respect to ORCID data (~600,000 user profiles).

scholarly journals Can Public Libraries Be Leveraged to Expand Access to Telehealth? Exploration of a Strategy to Mitigate Rural Health Disparities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela B. DeGuzman ◽  
Neha Jain
Keyword(s):  
Health Disparities ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Healthcare Access ◽  
Public Library ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Broadband Internet ◽  
Insight Into

In the U.S., those who lack broadband internet have limited ability to connect to care providers over a telemedicine video visit (VV). During the coronavirus disease pandemic, VVs have become increasingly common, but are not equitably accessible, which may exacerbate existing health disparities. Widening health disparities are of particular concern in the rural U.S. where broadband is lacking. We term this inequity in healthcare access due to limited internet access the "digital health divide." Because public libraries typically offer free use of broadband internet to patrons, they can help bridge the digital health divide and assist patrons with VVs. However, no guidelines currently exist for care providers and libraries to implement this needed, but potentially complex undertaking. Individual programs in which community members have used public libraries as a place from which to connect to a VV may offer insight into guidance needed. Thus, we conducted a scoping review to explore interventions reporting use of public libraries for community members to connect to a healthcare provider via telemedicine. One article was found describing the use of a public library for community members to connect to a telemedicine VV. The use of public libraries as spaces from which patrons can participate in VVs with providers is promising, but research is urgently needed to guide implementation.

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