The Free Flow of Communication Between High and Low: The Shenbao as Platform for Yangwu Discussions on Political Reform, 1872-1895

T oung Pao ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 104 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 116-188
Author(s):  
Rudolf G. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Political Reform ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Free Flow ◽  
Ideal State ◽  
Political Ideal

Abstract This article studies the role played by the Shenbao 申報 between 1872 and 1895 in framing Chinese discussions of the problems of their polity and possible reforms. It challenges the narrative that such discussions only began after the loss of the war in 1895, and shows that the discussions documented by Onogawa Hidemi for the 1880s actually followed earlier Shenbao precedents. The case study presented here concerns how the lack of communication between high and low social classes was at the heart of China’s problems. The Shenbao discusses modern Western institutions such as independent newspapers and a parliament as ways to ensure such communication, and as modern developments of a political ideal that existed in the Three Dynasties (Sandai 三代). The dismantling of that ideal state reflects, in the lines of thought expressed in the Shenbao articles, the despotic nature of Chinese rule since the Qin dynasty (221-206 bce).

scholarly journals Ecoville: construindo uma cidade para poucos

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Ricardo Serraglio Polucha
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Land Values ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Planning Practice ◽  
Urban Inequality ◽  
The City ◽  
Density Development

As pesquisas elaboradas para compreender a urbanização desigual em Curitiba enfatizaram o papel do planejamento urbano nesse processo. Entendendo que essa desigualdade é resultado da forma como se dá a valorização da terra e da apropriação diferenciada desta pelas camadas sociais, torna-se necessário compreender como a prática do planejamento urbano se articula a essa dinâmica. Considerando que o avanço dessa discussão deve procurar revelar as causas dessa desigualdade, e não apenas constatar sua existência, este artigo tem como objetivo compreender essa relação a partir da análise de um caso específico: o Ecoville. Originalmente concebido como uma nova frente de expansão urbana que evitaria a ocupação de áreas impróprias na cidade, sua implantação ocorreu de maneira totalmente oposta, produzindo um espaço com baixa densidade populacional voltado para camadas de alta renda. Argumenta-se que o estudo do Ecoville contribui para construir uma explicação sobre a prática do planejamento urbano em Curitiba, porque evidencia as contradições que são produzidas em torno da valorização da terra. Palavras-chave: Ecoville; Curitiba; planejamento urbano; urbanização; valorização da terra. Abstract: In order to understand the uneven urbanization in Curitiba, previous researches have emphasized the role played by urban planning on this process. Believing that this urban inequality results from the manner that land values and ways of occupation by different social classes are established, it urges then to understand the work extent of urban planning on this dynamic. The goal of this article is to move forward the debate on this field by revealing the causes of this inequality, and not only assuming its existence, through the analysis of a specific case study: “Ecoville”. Originally conceived as a new urban front that would avoid settlement at improper areas within the city, its materialisation followed a totally opposed path, producing a low density development only suitable for upper classes. The research of this case study – “Ecoville” – helps to build an explanation of the urban planning practice in Curitiba, as it reveals the contradictions that stir around land values. Keywords: Ecoville; Curitiba; urban planning; urbanization; land valorization.

scholarly journals Freeway Free Flow Speed: a Case Study in Italy

2012 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 628-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario De Luca ◽  
Renato Lamberti ◽  
Gianluca Dell’Acqua
Keyword(s):  
Flow Speed ◽  
Free Flow ◽  
Free Flow Speed

scholarly journals Crisis Communication Characteristics & Errors: A Case Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Martial Pasquier ◽  
Etienne Fivat
Keyword(s):  
Information Management ◽  
Crisis Communication ◽  
Political Reform ◽  
Public Trust ◽  
Executive Board ◽  
Important Impact ◽  
Media Communications ◽  
The University ◽  
Personal Harm

In 2006, events surrounding the University of Geneva led to the resignation of its executive board, and a political reform of the institution. This case constitutes a typical example of where a crisis is strengthened, and even created, by inappropriate information-management. Such situations, in which material damages and personal harm are generally quite limited, are increasingly frequent and have a particularly important impact on public trust in political and administrative institutions. The main aim of this paper is to identify the characteristics of this type of crisis, and errors linked to it from a media-communications perspective. This will be done through an analysis of publications in four different newspapers, as well as of official documents and statements from the period during which the crisis took place and in the months that followed.

scholarly journals Reversible privatisation. Conflict, bricolage, and the sale of common lands in the Spanish province of Navarre, 1808–1860

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-214
Author(s):  
José-Miguel Lana-Berasain
Keyword(s):  
Social Classes ◽  
Property Owners ◽  
Linear Movement ◽  
Partial Ownership ◽  
Fait Accompli ◽  
Common Lands ◽  
Ownership Rights ◽  
Spanish Province ◽  
Institutional Bricolage

AbstractThe privatisation of communal assets tends to be presented as an irreversible linear movement that was driven from above. Based on a case study (Navarre, nineteenth century), this article seeks to give greater prominence to local players and their response to changing circumstances. The process thus appears less linear and compact by revealing certain anomalies, such as the reversibility of certain sales or the alienation of partial ownership rights that were compatible with the preservation of rights of use in favour of local councils and households, as an example of institutional bricolage. Against a backdrop of war and municipal bankruptcy, the privatisation of collective lands between 1808 and 1860 followed various paths, each one benefitting different social classes. Borrowers, outside investors and wealthy individuals accumulated large estates, but there was also a chance for peasants and local people to become property owners. The recovery of part of these lands on the back of social conflicts from 1884 onwards confirms that privatisation was not a fait accompli.

Thomas Robert Malthus and David Ricardo

1989 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Dorfman
Keyword(s):  
Social Classes ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Common Goal ◽  
Good Society ◽  
History Of Economics ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
David Ricardo ◽  
Common Vision

This article will describe the enduring relationship between Thomas Malthus and David Ricardo initiated by a letter Malthus sent to Ricardo in June 1811. It was, very likely, the most remarkable and most fruitful collaboration in the history of economics. It appears that their long and intimate collaboration, and their friendship as well, thrived on their continual disputations. They were two men obsessed by a common enthusiasm, tirelessly pursuing a common goal: to understand the economy. But they did not share a common vision of the good society and thus were condemned to wrestle interminably, though remarkably fruitfully, over the roles of the social classes. Their struggles to convey to each other their views of the forces that drove their economy are an inspiring case study in both the difficulty and the possibility of human communication.

Damming the Mekong tributaries: water security and the MRC 1995 Agreement

Water Policy ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1420-1435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mak Sithirith ◽  
Jaap Evers ◽  
Joyeeta Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Free Flow ◽  
Mekong River ◽  
Transboundary Rivers ◽  
Flow Volume ◽  
Mekong River Commission ◽  
National Water

Water security is a key governance challenge especially in relation to transboundary rivers. While the literature elaborates on the water security concept, there is very little on how to operationalize it in the transboundary context. Hence, this paper addresses the question: How can the governance of transboundary rivers be operationalized to deal with national water security concerns? It uses a literature review and a case study focusing on dams in the Mekong tributaries, namely the Sesan, part of the 3S Basin, in Vietnam and Cambodia. The paper describes the damming process in the 3S Basin and how it threatens water security for downstream states in terms of securing the flow, volume, quality, space, and the temporal variations of the rivers and the livelihoods of river dependent communities. It examines how the Mekong River Commission (MRC) members address these issues, balance their interests and secure the free flow of the Mekong River and its tributaries. It concludes that the MRC Agreement of 1995 is an inadequate mechanism to regulate the developments of hydrological infrastructure on the shared international tributaries, and that further operationalization of the concept of water security is necessary to enable the improvement of existing cooperative regulations and mechanisms.

scholarly journals PEMBERDAYAAN WARGA NEGARA DAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN SOSIAL: PEMUTUSAN MATA RANTAI ANAK JALANAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Meidi Saputra
Keyword(s):  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Research Finding ◽  
Street Children ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Dynamic Learning ◽  
Citizen Empowerment ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Impact

This study aims at describing the citizen empowerment through social entrepreneurship as an effort to break the chain of street children. The design of this research is a case study, with the street children in Semarang as the subject of research. The research finding shows that citizen empowerment through social entrepreneurship plays an important role in breaking the chain of street children. The creation of Dynamic Learning methodis an important instrument in breaking the chain of street children. Dynamic Learning as a practice of social entrepreneurship has played an important role in giving the impact of citizen empowerment so as to improve the economy and social classes of marginalized citizens. 

The Global Politics of Medical Reform in Britain and Jamaica in the Early Nineteenth Century

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Graham
Keyword(s):  
Social Reform ◽  
Political Reform ◽  
Global Politics ◽  
The Political ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Medical Reform ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Complex Process

Summary Between 1826 and 1843, the medical practitioners of Jamaica engaged in a long and fraught campaign to create a College of Physicians and Surgeons. This campaign linked the island with global processes of medical and political reform, especially in Britain, and numerous studies have revealed the political barriers that faced efforts to reshape medical practices in this period. Yet, the metropole was also in a continuous dialogue with its colonial periphery. Existing work has looked at what this dialogue meant for the circulation of medical theories and practices, but equally important was the transmission of medical institutions, which provided structures for their development and application. The campaign in Jamaica offers an important case study of the complex process by which medical institutions spread in this period and reveals both the imperial aspects of medical and social reform in Jamaica and the colonial aspects of medical reform in Britain.

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