Electrical Emissions in Gymnotus Carapo and Their Relation To Social Behavior

Behaviour ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 37 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. Valone
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Postural Responses ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Electrical Stimuli

Abstract1. The relation between the social behavior and the electrical emissions of Gymnotus carapo is examined. 2. Members of the species Gymnotus carapo approach certain sources of electrical stimuli and, in a statistically significant number of instances, assume a stance parallel to the plane from which the stimuli originate. 3. The approach and postural responses elicited by electrical cues resemble those observed when two fish, placed in the same tank, interact socially. 4. Electrical cues therefore appear to facilitate certain social interactions in Gymnotus carapo. 5. The character of electrical emission in Gymnotus carapo appears to change as a function of certain social interaction: a. Interaction resembling aggression is accompanied by brief increases in the frequency of emission. b. The increases in frequency appear to be linked to thrusting movements. c. Fish interacting with one another appear to lock into a common frequency more often than fish that are not in physical contact with one another. d. During social interaction, one of the two fish is occasionally observed to halt emissions altogether. 6. The exact significance of the social behavior observed in the context of the life history of Gymnotus carapo is unknown.

scholarly journals The Emotional Lexicon Used by Male and Female Communication: Study of Balinese Language Used in South Kuta-Bali

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 364-372
Author(s):  
I Gusti Ayu Vina Widiadnya Putri ◽  
I Dewa Ayu Devi Maharani Santika
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
The Other ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Social ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Emotional Lexicon ◽  
Communication Study

The aims of this research is to analyse about the differences of emotional lexicon used by male and female communication in South Kuta-Bali when they used Balinese language in their daily interaction.  The scope of male and female is closely related to the social behavior which includes the social identity of male and female in society and this becomes the basis of how the language is used in this context of social. This research is interested to uncover more how people use language in terms of expressing their emotional in social interaction. This study is a sociolinguistic approach used the theory from Hickey, Raymon (2010). The data source in this study is the south Kuta community who use Balinese language in social interactions. The Data collection is done by observation, interview, recording and note taking and descriptive qualitative method is applied to analyze the data. The result of the analysis found that the emotional lexical is used by the male and female in their social interaction, it could mention that both Augmentatives and Euphemisms is used by male and female in their social interaction however the augmentative is mostly used by female in informal occasion. Balinese female often used prohibition instead of imperative in expressing her idea about ordering someone to do something. In the other hand, the male directly used imperative sentence in ordering something. He usually does not use many awkwardness to say his point in a conversation. This may be considered that the male often go to the straight point when expressing his idea. Keywords: Emotional Lexicon, Male and Female

EDUCATION SELECTIONEuropean Journal of Special Needs Education (1999)

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-141
Author(s):  
Sally Beveridge ◽  
Sue Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Special Needs ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Common Theme ◽  
Special Educational Needs ◽  
Physical Proximity ◽  
Special Needs Education ◽  
The Social ◽  
Positive Social Interaction

The three articles from Volume 14 that are reviewed here are linked by a common theme: the social interactions of children with special educational needs. The countries involved, the target group of pupils and the methodology vary but each one draws attention to the complexities of the social dimension of inclusion and suggest that physical proximity alone does not ensure positive social interaction.

Culture as a normative social behavior

2021 ◽  
pp. 136-143
Author(s):  
Andrey Yakovlevich Flier
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social System ◽  
Special Role ◽  
System A

The article shows that in culture as a social system, a special role is played by normative social behavior, which regulates social interaction and communication between people, and mores, with the help of which the regulation of social interactions is carried out.

Teaching Nonhandicapped Students about Individual Differences: A Pilot Study

1984 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Stainback ◽  
Susan Stainback ◽  
Catherine Hatcher ◽  
Marlene Strathe ◽  
Harriet Healy
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Group Setting ◽  
Direct Training ◽  
Behavior Development ◽  
The Social

The lack of social acceptance of handicapped students by their nonhandicapped peers has been cited as a major deterrent to the success of mainstreaming (Strain, 1982). While this problem has been recognized, there has been little empirical investigation of ways to deal with the social acceptance issue beyond direct training of the handicapped in appropriate social behavior development (Gresham 1981). The primary purpose of the present investigation was to examine the influence of training nonhandicapped students about individual differences on their social interactions with rejected handicapped students. The results of the investigation provide initial evidence that training nonhandicapped students about individual differences influences their social interactions with their rejected handicapped peers in a small group setting.

Social Olfaction: A Review of the Role of Olfaction in a Variety of Animal Behaviors

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Lou Cheal ◽  
Richard L. Sprott
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Behavioral Effects ◽  
Behavioral Data ◽  
Olfactory Acuity ◽  
Animal Behaviors ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Social Behavior Of Animals

Behavioral olfactory experiments were reviewed, relating the behavioral effects of pheromones to the psychophysical work in olfaction. Short descriptions of various experiments were used to show the importance of olfaction to the social behavior of animals by tracing the history of the experimental evidence and viewing the behavioral data pertaining to the discharge of pheromones and their effects and to look at the psychophysical evidence for olfactory acuity and the behavioral implications for the role of the physiological structures in olfaction.

scholarly journals Determinants Of Dominance, Resting Place And Neighbour Preferences In Wrzosówka Polska Ewes Kept Indoors

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin T. Górecki ◽  
Natalia Dziwińska
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Aggressive Behaviour ◽  
Social Rank ◽  
Social Hierarchy ◽  
Social Position ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Use Of Space ◽  
The Social

Abstract The aim of this study was to recognize features determining social hierarchy in Wrzosówka Polska ewes kept indoors as well as to investigate their resting place and companionship preferences. Observations (156 hours in total) were carried out in a group of 22 ewes. The social rank of sheep was determined by their age, body weight and length of horns. Social position was positively correlated with aggressive behaviour performed and negatively with aggressive behaviour received. Use of space while resting was influenced by ewe social behaviour; aggressive individuals lied more often in attractive places, namely against walls and fodder troughs compared to other animals. In general, the ewes rested by having physical contact with animals of similar rank and aggressiveness. Kinship appeared not to be important in neighbour preference. As can be concluded, social interactions influenced the use of space and neighbourhood in ewes

scholarly journals SOCIAL INTERACTION AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF DEAF AND HARD OF HEARING STUDENTS IN CEBU CITY, PHILIPPINES

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janine Joy L. Tenerife ◽  
Emerson D. Peteros ◽  
Susana D. Manreal ◽  
Lilibeth C. Pinili ◽  
John V. de Vera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Hard Of Hearing ◽  
School Administrators ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Survey Questionnaire ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
The Social ◽  
School For The Deaf

<p>This research assessed the social interaction and the academic performance of the deaf and hard of hearing students in a school for the deaf in Cebu City, Philippines. There were 49 respondents who were assessed in terms of their social interaction and academic performance. A survey questionnaire was used to assess the level of their social interaction and their grades were used to measure their academic performance. Data gathered were treated statistically using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results showed that the respondents had an average age of 19.5 years old that are deaf with 3 to 4 siblings. The respondents had high social interaction with their teachers and peers but had moderate social interaction with their family members and very low social interaction with the hearing students. They perform satisfactorily in school. There were significant relationships between their interaction with their family members and the hearing students. Thus, school administrators are encouraged to design programs that would improve the social interactions of the deaf and hard of hearing students within the school community and at home. </p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0970/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

scholarly journals Is There a “Right” Side of Communicating Friendship? Lateralization of Social Interactions in Zoo Barbary macaques (Macaca sylvanus)

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3288
Author(s):  
Marzia Baldachini ◽  
Barbara Regaiolli ◽  
Miquel Llorente ◽  
David Riba ◽  
Caterina Spiezio
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Group Level ◽  
Social Ranking ◽  
Macaca Sylvanus ◽  
Barbary Macaques ◽  
Focal Animal ◽  
The Social ◽  
Side Preference ◽  
The Right

Social laterality in non-human primates has started to attract attention in recent years. The positioning of individuals during social interactions could possibly suggest the nature of a relationship and the social ranking of the subjects involved. The subjects of the present study were 12 adult Barbary macaques (Macaca sylvanus) housed in a zoological garden. We carried out fourteen 210-min video-recorded sessions and we used a focal animal sampling method to collect the position of the subjects during different social interactions. Data on the position of each macaque during three types of social interactions were collected (approach, proximity and affiliative contacts). Moreover, we focused on the outcomes of dyadic agonistic encounters to build the hierarchy of the colony. For each social interaction, two conditions were considered: the side preference (being kept on the left or on the right) and the sagittal preference (being kept in front or on the rear). Bouts of preference of different positions were collected for different social interactions (approach, proximity and contacts). No group-level side preferences were found for any social interaction, suggesting that both hemispheres might be complemental and balance each other during intraspecific communication. For the sagittal preference, we found a group-level bias for proximity, with macaques being kept in front rather than on the rear by close conspecifics. This might be due to the need to detect emotions and intentions of conspecifics. Moreover, high-ranking individuals are kept more frontally than on the rear when in proximity with other macaques. More studies are needed to better investigate social laterality, possibly distinguishing more categories of social interaction, and detecting other variables that might influence the positioning preferences.

Life on the edge: the ecology and life history of the tropidurine iguanid lizard Uranoscodon superciliosum

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1366-1373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey M. Howland ◽  
Laurie J. Vitt ◽  
Pamela T. Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Habitat Specialization ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Tropical Wet Forest ◽  
History Of ◽  
Forest Streams ◽  
Small Forest

An Amazonian population of the iguanid lizard Uranoscodon superciliosum was studied in lowland tropical wet forest in central Pará, Brazil. These nonheliothermic lizards are restricted to densely vegetated habitats near (often over) water, particularly riverbanks and small forest streams, where they utilize small-diameter perches and feed on a wide variety of invertebrates, apparently at the water's edge. They mature at moderate to large size at an age of about 1.5 years. Production of moderate-sized clutches of eggs is seasonal, and reproduction and fat storage both cycle in association with rainfall and flooding. Although they occur in fairly high densities, social interaction is uncommon and sexual dimorphism is not pronounced. The ecology and life history of this lizard seem to be strongly influenced by the unusual habitat specialization.

Social Interaction Style in Autism: An Inquiry into Phenomenological Methodology

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-192
Author(s):  
Sofie Boldsen
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Ongoing Study ◽  
Interaction Style ◽  
Approaches To Studying ◽  
The Social ◽  
Phenomenological Methodology

Abstract Autistic difficulties with social interaction have primarily been understood as expressions of underlying impairment of the ability to ‘mindread.’ Although this understanding of autism and social interaction has raised controversy in the phenomenological community for decades, the phenomenological criticism remains largely on a philosophical level. This article helps fill this gap by discussing how phenomenology can contribute to empirical methodologies for studying social interaction in autism. By drawing on the phenomenology of Maurice Merleau-Ponty and qualitative data from an ongoing study on social interaction in autism, I discuss how qualitative interviews and participant observation can yield phenomenologically salient data on social interaction. Both, I argue, enjoy their phenomenological promise through facilitating attention to the social-spatial-material fields in and through which social interactions and experiences arise. By developing phenomenologically sound approaches to studying social interaction, this article helps resolve the deficiency of knowledge concerning experiential dimensions of social interaction in autism.

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