Culture as a normative social behavior

2021 ◽  
pp. 136-143
Author(s):  
Andrey Yakovlevich Flier
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social System ◽  
Special Role ◽  
System A

The article shows that in culture as a social system, a special role is played by normative social behavior, which regulates social interaction and communication between people, and mores, with the help of which the regulation of social interactions is carried out.

Electrical Emissions in Gymnotus Carapo and Their Relation To Social Behavior

Behaviour ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 37 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. Valone
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Postural Responses ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Electrical Stimuli

Abstract1. The relation between the social behavior and the electrical emissions of Gymnotus carapo is examined. 2. Members of the species Gymnotus carapo approach certain sources of electrical stimuli and, in a statistically significant number of instances, assume a stance parallel to the plane from which the stimuli originate. 3. The approach and postural responses elicited by electrical cues resemble those observed when two fish, placed in the same tank, interact socially. 4. Electrical cues therefore appear to facilitate certain social interactions in Gymnotus carapo. 5. The character of electrical emission in Gymnotus carapo appears to change as a function of certain social interaction: a. Interaction resembling aggression is accompanied by brief increases in the frequency of emission. b. The increases in frequency appear to be linked to thrusting movements. c. Fish interacting with one another appear to lock into a common frequency more often than fish that are not in physical contact with one another. d. During social interaction, one of the two fish is occasionally observed to halt emissions altogether. 6. The exact significance of the social behavior observed in the context of the life history of Gymnotus carapo is unknown.

scholarly journals The Emotional Lexicon Used by Male and Female Communication: Study of Balinese Language Used in South Kuta-Bali

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 364-372
Author(s):  
I Gusti Ayu Vina Widiadnya Putri ◽  
I Dewa Ayu Devi Maharani Santika
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
The Other ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Social ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Emotional Lexicon ◽  
Communication Study

The aims of this research is to analyse about the differences of emotional lexicon used by male and female communication in South Kuta-Bali when they used Balinese language in their daily interaction.  The scope of male and female is closely related to the social behavior which includes the social identity of male and female in society and this becomes the basis of how the language is used in this context of social. This research is interested to uncover more how people use language in terms of expressing their emotional in social interaction. This study is a sociolinguistic approach used the theory from Hickey, Raymon (2010). The data source in this study is the south Kuta community who use Balinese language in social interactions. The Data collection is done by observation, interview, recording and note taking and descriptive qualitative method is applied to analyze the data. The result of the analysis found that the emotional lexical is used by the male and female in their social interaction, it could mention that both Augmentatives and Euphemisms is used by male and female in their social interaction however the augmentative is mostly used by female in informal occasion. Balinese female often used prohibition instead of imperative in expressing her idea about ordering someone to do something. In the other hand, the male directly used imperative sentence in ordering something. He usually does not use many awkwardness to say his point in a conversation. This may be considered that the male often go to the straight point when expressing his idea. Keywords: Emotional Lexicon, Male and Female

Social interactions of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) smolts in seawater

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 2401-2407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia A. Paszkowski ◽  
Bori L. Olla
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social System ◽  
Agonistic Behavior ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Oregon Coast ◽  
Fish Hatchery ◽  
Free Ranging

The behavior of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) smolts was examined under laboratory conditions to determine if the hierarchical–territorial social system characteristic of this species in freshwater persisted in seawater. When held in groups of two to eight fish, hatchery-reared, accelerated underyearling smolts formed hierarchies controlled by a single dominant who was responsible for most of the observed movement, chases, and feeding. Agonistic behavior also occurred within pairs of recently smolted fingerlings from two hatchery stocks with different rearing histories and in groups containing free-ranging fish captured off the Oregon coast. Possible relationships between the observed social behavior and marine distribution patterns of juvenile coho salmon are discussed.

Happiness and Social Behavior

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 1111-1122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordi Quoidbach ◽  
Maxime Taquet ◽  
Martin Desseilles ◽  
Yves-Alexandre de Montjoye ◽  
James J. Gross
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Positive Emotion ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Social Partner

It is often assumed that there is a robust positive symmetrical relationship between happiness and social behavior: Social relationships are viewed as essential to happiness, and happiness is thought to foster social relationships. However, empirical support for this widely held view is surprisingly mixed, and this view does little to clarify which social partner a person will be motivated to interact with when happy. To address these issues, we monitored the happiness and social interactions of more than 30,000 people for a month. We found that patterns of social interaction followed the hedonic-flexibility principle, whereby people tend to engage in happiness-enhancing social relationships when they feel bad and sustain happiness-decreasing periods of solitude and less pleasant types of social relationships that might promise long-term payoff when they feel good. These findings demonstrate that links between happiness and social behavior are more complex than often assumed in the positive-emotion literature.

scholarly journals Increased expression of schizophrenia-associated gene C4 leads to hypoconnectivity of prefrontal cortex and reduced social interaction

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley L. Comer ◽  
Tushare Jinadasa ◽  
Lisa N. Kretsge ◽  
Thanh P.H. Nguyen ◽  
Jungjoon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Confocal Imaging ◽  
Immune Gene ◽  
Causative Role ◽  
Severe Mental Disorder ◽  
Brain Disorder ◽  
Spine Development

ABSTRACTSchizophrenia is a severe mental disorder with an unclear pathophysiology. Increased expression of the immune gene C4 has been linked to a greater risk of developing schizophrenia; however, it is unknown whether C4 plays a causative role in this brain disorder. Using confocal imaging and whole-cell electrophysiology, we demonstrate that overexpression of C4 in mouse prefrontal cortex neurons leads to perturbations in dendritic spine development and hypoconnectivity, which mirror neuropathologies found in schizophrenia. We find evidence that microglia-neuron interactions and microglia-mediated synaptic engulfment are enhanced with increased expression of C4. We also show that C4-dependent circuit dysfunction in the frontal cortex leads to decreased social interactions in juvenile mice. These results demonstrate that increased expression of the schizophrenia-associated gene C4 causes aberrant circuit wiring in the developing prefrontal cortex and leads to deficits in early social behavior, suggesting that altered C4 expression contributes directly to schizophrenia pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Changes in Social Interaction during Covid-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Shoya Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social System ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Social Contacts ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Society

This article aims to review social interactions during the covid-19 pandemic. Communication is the process of delivering messages to someone, so that messages can be received and understood. Social contact during a pandemic is divided into contacts between individuals, between groups, and between individuals and groups. Based on actions or responses, interaction is divided into positive and negative social contacts. In the future, society will be faced with a situation of change that was never imagined before. A number of old values and norms must be restructured and reproduced again to produce a new social system.

Social Interaction Patterns of High and Low Status Behaviorally Disordered Students within Self-Contained Classroom Settings: A Pilot Investigation

1984 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry Maheady ◽  
Diane M. Sainato
Keyword(s):  
Special Education ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Free Play ◽  
High Status ◽  
Interaction Patterns ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Behaviorally Disordered ◽  
Special Education Programs

The purpose of the present investigation was to provide information regarding the social interaction patterns of behaviorally disordered students in self-contained special education programs. The highest and lowest sociometrically rated students in each of three elementary, self-contained special education programs were observed during free play time for 5 minutes each day over a 4-week period. The quantity (frequency), quality (positive or negative), and reciprocal nature of their social interactions with classroom peers were recorded. Results of this investigation indicate that, for the most part, social interactions among behaviorally disordered youngsters were both positive and reciprocal in nature. In addition, no discernible differences were noted between the target-initiated social behavior of high and low status students. However, specific differences were found in peer social behavior that was directed toward the target subjects. High status students were the recipients of (a) higher rates of peer initiations, (b) greater percentages of positive social initiations, and (c) fewer negative social contacts. Low status children, on the other hand, encountered fewer peer-initiated contacts, and of these, a greater percentage were negative in nature. Implications for future research are discussed.

Social Interaction and Social Organization of Israeli Fiveto Seven-Year-Olds

1981 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Hertz-Lazarowitz ◽  
Dina Feitelson ◽  
Shoshana Zahavi ◽  
Willard W. Hartup
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
First Graders ◽  
Free Play ◽  
Solitary Play ◽  
Parallel Play

Four hundred and eight children kindergartners and first-graders from three experimental infant schools in Israel were observed in outdoor free play, forty minutes each day, for three continuous weeks. Social interactions and social organization were recorded using a modified version of Parten's (1932) system of categorization. Findings showed that the children engaged mainly in positive-active behaviors (over fifty-four percent). Solitary play and onlooker behavior accounted for thirty percent of children's social behavior. Parallel play occurred less frequently than reported earlier for younger children, although no age differences were observed between kindergartners and first graders. Boys were significantly more active than girls, and exhibited negative social interaction more frequently. Social organization was balanced. Children were observed fifty-seven percent in dyads, twenty-seven percent in groups of three and four children, and fourteen percent in groups with more than five children. Kindergartners participated in significantly smaller groups than first graders.

“Shhhh! Alex Has Something To Say”: AAC-SGD Use in the Classroom Setting

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 108-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Mellman ◽  
Laura S. DeThorne ◽  
Julie A. Hengst
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Classroom Community ◽  
Classroom Observations ◽  
Classroom Teachers ◽  
Classroom Setting ◽  
Alternative Communication ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Missed Opportunities

Abstract The present qualitative study was designed to examine augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) practices, particularly surrounding speech-generating devices (SGDs), in the classroom setting. We focused on three key child participants, their classroom teachers, and associated speech-language pathologists across three different schools. In addition to semi-structured interviews of all participants, six classroom observations per child were completed. Data were coded according to both pre-established and emergent themes. Four broad themes emerged: message-focused AAC use, social interactions within the classroom community, barriers to successful AAC-SGD use, and missed opportunities. Findings revealed a lack of SGD use in the classroom for two children as well as limited social interaction across all cases. We conclude by highlighting the pervasive sense of missed opportunities across these classroom observations and yet, at the same time, the striking resiliency of communicative effort in these cases.

Behavioral Assessment of Social Interactions in Natural Settings

1996 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Santoyo
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Behavioral Assessment ◽  
Behavioral Observation ◽  
Social Responsiveness ◽  
Social Agents ◽  
Social Effectiveness ◽  
Natural Settings

The present paper deals with behavioral assessment of social interaction in natural settings. The design of observational systems that allow the identification of the direction, contents, quality and social agents involved in a social interchange is an aim of social interaction assessment and research. In the first part a description of a system of behavioral observation of social interaction is presented. This system permits the identification of the above mentioned aspects. Secondly a strategy for the behavioral assessment of social skills is described. This strategy is based on the consequences and effects of social interaction, and it is supported by three basic processes: social effectiveness, social responsiveness and reciprocity.

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