The squeaking vocalization of grey wolves (Canis lupus): individuality in a close-range affiliative mammalian vocalisation

Behaviour ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-35
Author(s):  
Jackie N. Weir ◽  
Jennifer N. Schneider ◽  
Rita E. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Canis Lupus ◽  
Frequency Characteristics ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Acoustic Characteristics ◽  
The Social ◽  
Close Range

Abstract Wolves (Canis lupus) frequently use the close-range squeaking vocalization, a soft, multi-unit, high-pitched tonal vocalisation. We examined the social and movement contexts of the occurrence and acoustic characteristics of squeaking from videotapes of pack-reared, pack-living captive wolves living in semi-natural conditions at the Canadian Centre for Wolf Research over a three-year period. We only examined squeaking vocalisations for which the sender and potential receiver(s) could be determined. Wolves squeaked in many contexts, especially when approaching other wolves in prosocial and food contexts. Some wolves squeaked more than others. Acoustically, squeaking vocalisations were individually identifiable, primarily through frequency characteristics. Contextual use suggests that squeaking conveys the friendly motivation of an approaching wolf and in aggressive situations, a motivation to defuse or decrease aggression. This close-range vocalisation may play an important role in controlling and coordinating social interactions within the pack.

Social behaviour of the golden-mantled ground squirrel (Spermophilus lateralis)

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. 2529-2533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Ferron
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Ground Squirrel ◽  
Ground Squirrels ◽  
Agonistic Interactions ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Spermophilus Lateralis ◽  
The Social ◽  
Age And Sex

The social interactions of golden-mantled ground squirrels (Spermophilus lateralis) observed during a 2-year study in the Rocky Mountains of Alberta under natural conditions are described and quantitatively analyzed. Agonistic interactions were common for all age and sex groups, except among littermates before dispersal. Among adults, cohesive and recognitive behaviours were restricted almost exclusively to male–female interactions. For young, cohesive and recognitive behaviours occurred with other young (mainly littermates) and with the mother. This species can be categorized as "asocial" according to G. R. Michener's classification of social organization in ground squirrels.

Value-driven issues throughout the development of sociological theory

2020 ◽  
pp. 147-160
Author(s):  
Gulbarshyn Chepurko ◽  
Valerii Pylypenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social System ◽  
Sociological Theory ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Different Levels

The paper examines and compares how the major sociological theories treat axiological issues. Value-driven topics are analysed in view of their relevance to society in times of crisis, when both societal life and the very structure of society undergo dramatic change. Nowadays, social scientists around the world are also witnessing such a change due to the emergence of alternative schools of sociological thought (non-classical, interpretive, postmodern, etc.) and, subsequently, the necessity to revise the paradigms that have been existed in sociology so far. Since the above-mentioned approaches are often used to address value-related issues, building a solid theoretical framework for these studies takes on considerable significance. Furthermore, the paradigm revision has been prompted by technological advances changing all areas of people’s lives, especially social interactions. The global human community, integral in nature, is being formed, and production of human values now matters more than production of things; hence the “expansion” of value-focused perspectives in contemporary sociology. The authors give special attention to collectivities which are higher-order units of the social system. These units are described as well-organised action systems where each individual performs his/her specific role. Just as the role of an individual is distinct from that of the collectivity (because the individual and the collectivity are different as units), so too a distinction is drawn between the value and the norm — because they represent different levels of social relationships. Values are the main connecting element between the society’s cultural system and the social sphere while norms, for the most part, belong to the social system. Values serve primarily to maintain the pattern according to which the society is functioning at a given time; norms are essential to social integration. Apart from being the means of regulating social processes and relationships, norms embody the “principles” that can be applied beyond a particular social system. The authors underline that it is important for Ukrainian sociology to keep abreast of the latest developments in the field of axiology and make good use of those ideas because this is a prerequisite for its successful integration into the global sociological community.

Social ethology of the wolverine

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey P. Copeland ◽  
Arild Landa ◽  
Kimberly Heinemeyer ◽  
Keith B. Aubry ◽  
Jiska van Dijk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Resource Availability ◽  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Social System ◽  
Group Living ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Ecological Framework ◽  
The Social ◽  
Living Species

Social behaviour in solitary carnivores has long been an active area of investigation but for many species remains largely founded in conjecture compared to our understanding of sociality in group-living species. The social organization of the wolverine has, until now, received little attention beyond its portrayal as a typical mustelid social system. In this chapter the authors compile observations of social interactions from multiple wolverine field studies, which are integrated into an ecological framework. An ethological model for the wolverine is proposed that reveals an intricate social organization, which is driven by variable resource availability within extremely large territories and supports social behaviour that underpins offspring development.

A Phenomenology of Rhythm

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lexi Eikelboom
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Henri Lefebvre ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
The Social ◽  
Analytical Importance ◽  
Jazz Performance

This chapter proposes a framework for approaching the theological significance of rhythm through phenomenology, prosody, and the social sciences. In accordance with the general categories of phenomenology established by Merleau-Ponty and the “rhythmanalysis” of Henri Lefebvre, the chapter investigates two experiences of rhythm: approaches to analysing the human encounter with rhythm in the reading of poetry and the role of rhythm in social interactions introduced through commonalities between rhythm in conversation and in jazz performance. These explorations establish two features of rhythm that are of analytical importance for the chapters that follow: (1) the synchronic and the diachronic as two necessary but distinct theoretical perspectives on rhythm, each of which emphasizes different features of rhythm and (2) the importance of interruption for understanding rhythm’s significance.

Baroque Dance

2018 ◽  
pp. 263-285
Author(s):  
Jennifer Nevile
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Scientific Thought ◽  
The Social ◽  
French Court ◽  
Concept Of Beauty

Baroque dance was inseparable from music and theater, with its role in multimedia spectacles giving it a dramatic power and an expressive passion. It was part of politics and diplomacy; it was influenced by contemporary artistic attitudes as they pertained to the concept of beauty and artistic design principles, as well as trends in philosophic and scientific thought; and it reflected the organization of society and the social interactions of the upper levels of society. Dance taught self-control, which was itself a sign of noble virtue and a graceful bearing. While each country had its own national dance traditions, the fundamental characteristics of baroque dance was French; the practice as performed at the French court and the Opéra. The years 1630–1750 saw changes in styles and dance genres, major innovations in the methods of notating choreographies, as well as visible and substantial changes in the bodily deportment of dancers.

scholarly journals The switching mechanisms of social network densification

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teruyoshi Kobayashi ◽  
Mathieu Génois
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Regime Switching ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Social ◽  
Switching Property ◽  
Distinctive Type ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractDensification and sparsification of social networks are attributed to two fundamental mechanisms: a change in the population in the system, and/or a change in the chances that people in the system are connected. In theory, each of these mechanisms generates a distinctive type of densification scaling, but in reality both types are generally mixed. Here, we develop a Bayesian statistical method to identify the extent to which each of these mechanisms is at play at a given point in time, taking the mixed densification scaling as input. We apply the method to networks of face-to-face interactions of individuals and reveal that the main mechanism that causes densification and sparsification occasionally switches, the frequency of which depending on the social context. The proposed method uncovers an inherent regime-switching property of network dynamics, which will provide a new insight into the mechanics behind evolving social interactions.

scholarly journals Three Strategies for Describing Social Interactions of Adolescents in a Multicultural Environment—Indicators for the Quality of Life Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8166
Author(s):  
Alicja Szerląg ◽  
Arkadiusz Urbanek ◽  
Kamila Gandecka
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Life Assessment ◽  
Multicultural Environment ◽  
Multicultural Community ◽  
The Social

Background: The analysis has involved social interactions in a multicultural environment. The social context has been defined by the Vilnius region (Lithuania), where national, religious, and cultural differences exist across generations (multicultural community). The space of “social relationships”, as one of the modules of the WHO quality of life assessment, has been studied. An innovation of the research has been related to the analysis of the phenomenon of community of nationalities and cultures as a predictor of quality of life (QoL). The social motive of the research has been the historical continuity (for centuries) of the construction of the Vilnius cultural borderland. Here, the local community evolves from a group of many cultures to an intercultural community. Interpreting the data, therefore, requires a long perspective (a few generations) to understand the quality of relationships. We see social interactions and strategies for building them as a potential for social QoL in multicultural environments. Methods: The research has been conducted on a sample of 374 respondents, including Poles (172), Lithuanians (133), and Russians (69). A diagnostic poll has been used. The respondents were adolescents (15–16 years). The research answers the question: What variables form the interaction strategies of adolescents in a multicultural environment? The findings relate to interpreting the social interactions of adolescents within the boundaries of their living environment. The description of the social relations of adolescents provides an opportunity to implement the findings for further research on QoL. Results: An innovative outcome of the research is the analysis of 3 interaction strategies (attachment to national identification, intercultural dialogue, and multicultural community building) as a background for interpreting QoL in a multicultural environment. Their understanding is a useful knowledge for QoL researchers. The data analysis has taken into account cultural and generational (historical) sensitivities. Therefore, the team studying the data has consisted of researchers and residents of the Vilnius region. We used the interaction strategies of adolescents to describe the category of “social relationships” in nationally and culturally diverse settings.

scholarly journals Effects Of Student Life On SARS-Cov-2 Prevention At University

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Moska Sial ◽  
Manavi Purohit ◽  
Matan Bone
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Student Life ◽  
Multifaceted Approach ◽  
University Campuses ◽  
Letter To The Editor ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Side ◽  
Academic Year

Abstract The coronavirus 2019 (SARS-Cov-2) pandemic has proven to be a disaster in need of controlling. The disease has taken its toll on universities; as a consequence, universities must prepare their campuses in such a way that will reduce SARS-Cov-2 cases and ensure the safety of their students. This is why it is necessary to critically assess the risks involved in reopening university campuses. This letter to the editor highlights the importance of the social side of student life on campus, and how it might affect the precautions put in place to reduce SARS-Cov-2 transmission. Furthermore, this letter is proposing potential courses of action for universities to take during the pandemic, this forthcoming academic year. The ability of universities to contain the spread of the virus is limited, as they lack control over social interactions outside of campus. We discuss the multifaceted approach needed to educate students about off-campus transmission allowing the prevention of SARS-Cov-2 transmission.

EDUCATION SELECTIONEuropean Journal of Special Needs Education (1999)

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-141
Author(s):  
Sally Beveridge ◽  
Sue Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Special Needs ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Common Theme ◽  
Special Educational Needs ◽  
Physical Proximity ◽  
Special Needs Education ◽  
The Social ◽  
Positive Social Interaction

The three articles from Volume 14 that are reviewed here are linked by a common theme: the social interactions of children with special educational needs. The countries involved, the target group of pupils and the methodology vary but each one draws attention to the complexities of the social dimension of inclusion and suggest that physical proximity alone does not ensure positive social interaction.

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