Institutional and Economic Support for Renewable Energy Companies in China and eu Member States: Conflicting or Cooperative Industrial Policies?

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 728-754
Author(s):  
Li Xiaohua
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Debt Crisis ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Member States ◽  
International Financial Crisis ◽  
Electricity Systems

This research examines the photovoltaic (pv) industry, which is the fastest growing source of renewable energy, as an example in order to illustrate the development history, the status of cooperation and conflict between eu and China, and to explain the reasons behind the phenomenon. The photovoltaic industry both in China and eu experienced a period of rapid growth before the international financial crisis, driven by the explosion of the pv installation capacity and pushed by supporting policies for solar energy in eu member states and other developed countries. After the international financial crisis and Europe’s sovereign-debt crisis, because of the cut off of subsidies for solar energy in eu member states, the supply and demand relationship in the pv market was reversed. There was a serious excess capacity throughout the world and a subsequent trade war between eu and China in 2012. China and the eu have different comparative advantages. The eu is good at pv technology, producing the equipment used in pv factories and has management experience relating to the running of pv electricity systems, while China is good at manufacturing pv modules at low cost due to its innovative manufacturing in the global value chain. If the China and the eu combine these benefits, they can achieve a win-win game: China could produce renewable products more efficiently and with low environmental pollution and it could improve its management of pv electricity systems; at the same time, the eu could get low prices and high quality pv modules and reach its renewable energy targets more easily.

The Paradigm of the Investment Development Path

2020 ◽  
pp. 1379-1391
Author(s):  
Marian Cătălin Voica ◽  
Mirela Clementina Panait ◽  
Irina Gabriela Radulescu
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Multinational Enterprises ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Original Model ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments ◽  
Member States ◽  
Development Path ◽  
International Financial Crisis

This article describes how foreign direct investments (FDI) is one of the most important forces that influences the global economy. Along the last two and a half decades, the motivations and the field of interest of multinational enterprises (MNEs) mutated to new forms under the influence of globalization and the international financial crisis. Those two events had a dramatic impact on the evolution of inward and outward flow of FDI. The main scope of this article is to analyze the advance of the EU28 member states through the stages of the Investment Development Path (IDP) in the period from 1990 to 2014 and to explore the viability of the original model in nowadays global economy realities. The results show that FDI is useful to gauge the economics of lesser developed countries.

The Paradigm of the Investment Development Path

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-56
Author(s):  
Marian Cătălin Voica ◽  
Mirela Clementina Panait ◽  
Irina Gabriela Radulescu
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Multinational Enterprises ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Original Model ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments ◽  
Member States ◽  
Development Path ◽  
International Financial Crisis

This article describes how foreign direct investments (FDI) is one of the most important forces that influences the global economy. Along the last two and a half decades, the motivations and the field of interest of multinational enterprises (MNEs) mutated to new forms under the influence of globalization and the international financial crisis. Those two events had a dramatic impact on the evolution of inward and outward flow of FDI. The main scope of this article is to analyze the advance of the EU28 member states through the stages of the Investment Development Path (IDP) in the period from 1990 to 2014 and to explore the viability of the original model in nowadays global economy realities. The results show that FDI is useful to gauge the economics of lesser developed countries.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF SOLAR ENERGY IN UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE TRANSITION TO THE CARBON-NEUTRAL ECONOMY

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Pimonenko ◽  
O. Lyulyov ◽  
N. Letunovska ◽  
O. Lytvynenko ◽  
A. Nazarenko
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Leading Position

The article aims to study current trends in the use of solar energy in Ukraine and the world as one of the main directions of decarbonization of the national economy. The authors systematize the prospects, advantages and disadvantages of the development of renewable energy sources. They conducted a comparative analysis of the "efficiency" of solar energy in some countries and Ukraine. The authors determined that the leading position in terms of the share of energy consumed from renewable sources is occupied by countries with developed economies due to the availability of effective motivational mechanisms. From the experience of EU countries, the authors concluded that renewable energy sources form a prerequisite for obtaining additional socio-economic and environmental effects. In the presence of favorable market conditions, renewable energy sources can increase the level of energy security in the country and its energy independence. The article analyzes the legislation of Ukraine on stimulating the development of alternative energy. The authors proposed two opposed ways of further developing solar energy in Ukraine. In particular, the country can implement methods of using alternative energy, which developed countries have successfully implemented. Another area involves increasing research and innovation in implementing, using, maintaining, and utilizing energy-generating devices from alternative energy sources. Despite the polarity of the proposed directions for further development of renewable energy, in both cases, the state policy on attracting investment and promoting the use of energy from alternative energy sources is crucial. In addition, the authors noted the benefits for society from the development and implementation of alternative energy sources. The scaling up and promotion of energy production technologies from alternative sources can reduce carbon emissions, which has been an urgent problem globally.

scholarly journals The Effect of the Financial Crisis on the Jordanian Industrial Sector

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaldoun Al-Qaisi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Financial Data ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Slight Effect ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
International Financial Crisis

The International financial crisis caused the recession of the industrial sector in most developed countries. The effect of the crisis in the developing countries was different. This research aimed at investigating the effect of international financial crisis on industrial sector in Jordan. Different financial ratios were estimated using the financial statements of the industrial enterprises for the period 2000-2008. The financial data were classified to two periods. The first period 2000-2005 and 2006-2008 for this purpose. The results show very slight effect on the industrial sector in Jordan results of the limitations of most companies on their activities as a part of risk management policy.

scholarly journals Austerity Policies in Debt Crisis: The Limits of Success

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naci Tolga Saruç ◽  
Candan Yılmaz
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Debt Crisis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Global Crisis ◽  
Member States ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The Eu

Global financial crisis, emerged in 2008 and deepening thoroughly in 2008, revealed deep cracks in European Union countries –especially peripheral countries. The member of peripheral countries implemented European Union monetary policy have adopted low-cost borrowing as a public income. On the one hand, the global crisis has decreased the amount of funds in the international arena and led to an increase in borrowing costs. On the other hand, those peripheral countries with austerity policies imposed by the Troika faced with the problem of debt. The global crisis, appeared in the US and in a short time affected many countries gave rise to the debt crisis in the EU. The aim of this study is to demonstrate theoretically effects of the global crisis on peripheral countries of the EU. Furthermore, it is to analyze how the EU debt crisis considered the second phase of global crisis developed in member states and what kind of measures was taken for crisis. Eurostat database from 2006 to 2015 are used. EU members met the global financial crisis with high debt have increased in public expenditure in order to mitigate the effects of crisis. In addition to this, member states are deprived from tax income because of using strict austerity policies. In conclusion, it is shown that the austerity policies imposed by EU caused to increased further public debt stock in the member states and it left peripheral members the debt impasse.

scholarly journals Mapping the Socio-Economic Indicators of Greece from the Implementation of the Monetary Policy and the Tax Administration

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Liargovas ◽  
Athanasios Anastasiou ◽  
Dimitrios Komninos ◽  
Zacharias Dermatis
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Debt Crisis ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Tax Administration ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Unemployment Rates ◽  
The Many

The economic crisis that led to a decline in private consumption in the period 2009-2016 is the main factor that has accelerated developments in the country's business map, in the sense that in many cases of business development in Greece there are structural weaknesses revealed by the crisis. This confirms that the country's economic crisis cannot be an alibi for the many problems of the Greek economy.The impact of the economic crisis differs not only between countries where low- and middle-income countries are more affected by developed countries but also within countries. The dramatic decline in wages and pensions has led to a decline in the purchasing power of citizens. The debt crisis, the weakening of demand in the context of addressing the competitiveness of the Greek economy and the significant structural interventions in the labor market, affected supply and demand in the labor market and its participants.The purpose of this paper is to present the social and economic indicators of our country by implementing the policy of the memorandums and the Tax Administration. In particular, a mapping exercise is being undertaken in the period 2009-2016:• The number of starts, change of tax office and business holidays• The business map of our country• Unemployment rates as they have been in our country• The degree of contribution of austerity programs and memorandum policies to addressing unemployment.• The areas and categories of occupations where the highest unemployment rates have occurred.• The role of Tax Administration in addressing these problems.

scholarly journals Сoordination of supply and demand alternative energy in Russia industrial with organizational solution

Upravlenie ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 46-56
Author(s):  
Рязанова ◽  
G. Ryazanova
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
High Price ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Status

One of the key factors affecting the competitiveness of an enterprise is low energy costs. Despite the status of Russia as an energy superpower, Russian companies are paying a high price for electricity. It has increased the past 10 years more than 3 times. In addition the traditional energy sources, there are renewable energy sources, which include solar, geothermal, bioenergy, and others. They are close in certain cases and are able to give energy. In developed countries, the production and consumption of energy from renewable sources for industry is growing every year. In Russia it is used hardly, but the potential of renewable energy is huge. This is due to the peculiarities of the country – there are a lot of hydrocarbons in Russia, and industry has focus on hydrocarbon energy sources. At the same time, in our country there are the situations where renewables can be an essential complement centralized system of electrification. But in Russia there is no mechanism of regulation of the supply / demand of alternative energy. There are not institutional conditions for state regulation of renewable energy production, there is not renewables market. The paper proposes an organizational solution that solves the problem of the coordination of the supply / demand in the Russian context.

The IDB Group in the Central American Isthmus and the Dominican Republic: Activities Report 2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Central America ◽  
Debt Crisis ◽  
Central American ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
Country Level ◽  
International Financial Crisis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Central American Isthmus

2020 was an unprecedented year for Central America and the Dominican Republic. The effect of the global COVID-19 pandemic, exacerbated by the impact of Hurricanes Eta and Iota in some countries, caused the greatest economic contraction the region has undergone in its recent history - surpassing the debt crisis of the 1980s and the international financial crisis of 2009. In 2020, the IDB Group helped the countries in the region respond to these emergencies through approvals that exceeded US$ 4,900 million and disbursements of more than US$ 4,327 million, both reaching historical records. This report highlights the Groups main activities in Central America and the Dominican Republic in 2020 at the regional and country level.

scholarly journals Enforcement of Access to Effective Technical Support Services in the Kenyan Solar Energy System

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Jackbed Gakii Mugo ◽  
Joseph N. Muguthu
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Support Services ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Technical Support ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Effective Capacity

Energy is the prime mover of development cutting across industrialisation, manufacturing and residential consumption. Recently, Kenya, being ranked high among the most developed countries in Africa, has mapped way for embracement of renewable energy technology with increasing debate on sustainable development and environmental issues associated with fossil fuels, as the prime energy sources. Generally, Kenya is making efforts to Scale - Up renewable energy programs via construction of stand-alone solutions as well as various types of mini - grids. However, a common problem cutting across all these consumers is quick failure of such projects with very little access to technical solutions or none at all. Substantial developments in solar energy in Kenya, as one of the renewable energy sources, has been mainly challenged by lack of effective capacity building and poor technical support. This cuts across both domestic systems as well as the most rising aspect of small and medium sized minigrids. This paper aims at investigating the leading role of access to viable technical support services in mitigating solar energy adoption challenges. The paper focuses on challenges faced by small and medium sized consumers in search for technical advice and support prior to purchase, during installation and after purchase and installation stages. The research conducted survey via questionnaries, analyzed data obtained, identified technical support factors in order of priority and gives adaptable recommendation for the state in ensuring that solar projects are sustainable and that customers find value for their money.

scholarly journals The Global Economic Crisis and its Effects on the Monetary Policy of Turkey

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serdar Öztürk ◽  
Ali Sözdemir ◽  
Özlem Ülger
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Debt Crisis ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Economic Crisis ◽  
The Impact

Capitalism has faced the most severe and the longest crisis since 1929. Resource of the emerging financial crisis in the second half of 2007 was mortgage crisis that experienced in the United States. The collapse of housing market has caused great instability in the financial markets and then turned into the strong liquidity crisis and spread all over the world. The impact of global economic crisis on the world economies in the last quarter of 2008 was very fast and it occured in a devastating way. In this process, the asset prices declined, capital of financial institutions seriously damaged and this caused bankruptcy of many large financial organizations such as Lehman Brothers. In this context, the growth rates in the world fell down quickly, external demand contraction and global export decreased. At this point, developed countries applied large scale financial incentive packages. Especially, the Central Banks of developed countries have provided exceptional levels of liquidity that is used as a monetary policy tool by taking the risk of deterioration of their balance sheets. During this period, as a result of these policies followed by money and finance authorities have changed only the shape of global crisis and as a result the financial crisis has turned into a debt crisis. The effects of Global Economic Crisis on the Turkish economy emerged prominently in the last quarter of 2008. However, in comparison with many European countries, it is clear that all dynamics have became more favourable for Turkey after 2010.

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