Das deutsche Quäkertum in der Frühen Neuzeit Ein grundsätzlicher Beitrag zur Pietismusforschung

2008 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-234
Author(s):  
Claus Bernet
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
American Religion ◽  
Missionary Work ◽  
The North ◽  
Anglo American

AbstractQuakerism is the first Anglo-American religion that has gained ground in Germany, especially in the north, in the second half of the 17th century. Contrary to older church historiography, this was not a marginal phenomenon. Rather, stable congregations developed, as did a Europe-wide network of missionary work and a differentiated culture of polemic writings. These points of encounter allowed the Quakers to establish contact with supporters of Böhme and radical pietists while at the same time enabling an Antiquakeriana campaign against them. At the center of this study lies the question for the religious-historical positioning of Quakerism. The author argues that due to impulses of extra-ecclesiastical pietism, positions arose that transgressed Christianity's frame of reference. Therefore the reference to the early modern understanding of esoterism has proven especially useful.

scholarly journals Barutane (polveriere) na tvrđavama sv. Nikole i sv. Ivana u Šibeniku

Ars Adriatica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
Ivo Glavaš
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Curtain Wall ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The One ◽  
Almost All

In the early modern forts of St Nicholas in St Anthony’s Canal and St John above Šibenik, the only fully preserved elements are the gunpowder magazines. This paper focuses on the typology of Venetian gunpowder magazines (polveriere), analysing those in St Nicholas’ fort and the central part of St John’s fort. The gunpowder magazine in St Nicholas’ fort has hitherto been erroneously interpreted as a prison, whereas the one in St John’s fort has remained completely unnoticed. The gunpowder magazine in St Nicholas’ fort may be approximately dated to the 17th century, even though the drawings preserved at the Municipal Library of Treviso, presumably made by the architect who designed the fort of Giangirolamo Sanmicheli or someone familiar with his design, indicate an area in the lower storey, at the sea level and next to the north-eastern curtain wall, which may have been destined for a gunpowder magazine as no cannon posts were located there. The gunpowder magazine in St John’s fort is visible in almost all known historical depictions and was built sometime between 1649, when the fort was first enlarged after the Ottoman attack two years earlier. The earliest depiction of the gunpowder magazine is from 1658.

Jezuitské misie z Telče na sever Čech ve druhé polovině 17. století

Fontes Nissae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-25
Author(s):  
Michaela Ramešová ◽  
Štěpán Valecký
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Specific Region ◽  
Local Region ◽  
Missionary Work ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
Jesuit Missions

The text deals with Jesuit missions to the north of Bohemia in the second half of the 17 th century with an emphasis on the missionary activities of the house of the third probation i n Telč. With regard to the process of re-Catholicization in the second half of the 17th century, Frýdlant (Friedland) and Liberec (Reichenberg) represented a specific region, as is evident from Jesuit sources about missions to the local region. Missions from Telč to northern Bohemia, which took place regularly in the second half of the 17th century, played a significant role in the process of re-Catholicization of the area. The Jesuits of Telč often headed to localities near the borders or in mountaino us areas, where non-Catholic religions persisted. It is probable some of the transitions to Catholicism were only of formal nature. Unlike in the past, however, the missionaries focused exclusively on non-repressive ways of converting to the faith to prevent further emigration. Their focus was on helping with the parish administration, confessions, and promoting Catholic customs. Missionary work also included acts of charity and caring for one’s neighbor.

Dialectics, Rhetoric, and Functional Issues in Early Modern Hungarian Religious Disputes. Polemics Research in a Long Reformation Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-244
Author(s):  
Csilla Gabor
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Religious Diversity ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Typical Form ◽  
The Right

The study deals with 16th and 17th century Hungarian printed polemical works considering religious disputes a typical form of communication in the age of Reformation and Catholic renewal. Its conceptual framework is the paradigm or research method of the long Reformation as an efficient assistance to the discovery and appreciation of early modern theological-religious diversity. The analysis examines several kinds of communication which occurs in the (religious) dispute, and explores the rules and conventions along which the (verbal) fighting takes place. Research shows that the opponents repeatedly refer to the rules of dialectics refuting each other’s standpoints accusing them of faulty argumentation, i.e., the wrong use of syllogisms. Dialectics is, namely, in this context not the ars with the help of which truth is found but with which evident truth is checked and justified in a way that the opponents can also be educated to follow the right direction.

scholarly journals Labour Conflicts and Working-Class Culture in Early Modern Holland

1990 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf Dekker
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Class Culture ◽  
Informal Workers ◽  
Ancien Régime ◽  
Modern Era

SUMMARYFrom the 15th to the 18th century Holland, the most urbanized part of the northern Netherlands, had a tradition of labour action. In this article the informal workers' organizations which existed especially within the textile industry are described. In the 17th century the action forms adjusted themselves to the better coordinated activities of the authorities and employers. After about 1750 this protest tradition disappeared, along with the economic recession which especially struck the traditional industries. Because of this the continuity of the transition from the ancien régime to the modern era which may be discerned in the labour movements of countries like France and England, cannot be found in Holland.

Jus Tempus in the Magna Carta: The Sovereignty of Time in Modern Politics and Citizenship

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (03) ◽  
pp. 463-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth F. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
The Political ◽  
Place Of Birth ◽  
Political Status ◽  
Modern Politics ◽  
American Tradition ◽  
History Of ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
The Right ◽  
Constitutional Tradition

In the English constitutional tradition, subjecthood has been primarily derived from two circumstances: place of birth and time of birth. People not born in the right place and at the right time are not considered subjects. What political status they hold varies and depends largely on the political history of the territory in which they reside at the exact time of their birth. A genealogy of early modern British subjecthood reveals that law based on dates and temporal durations—what I will call collectivelyjus tempus—creates sovereign boundaries as powerful as territorial borders or bloodlines. This concept has myriad implications for how citizenship comes to be institutionalized in modern politics. In this article, I briefly outline one route through whichjus tempusbecame a constitutive principle within the Anglo-American tradition of citizenship and how this concept works with other principles of membership to create subtle gradations of semi-citizenship beyond the binary of subject and alien. I illustrate two main points aboutjus tempus: first, how specific dates create sovereign boundaries among people and second, how durational time takes on an abstract value in politics that allows certain kinds of attributes, actions, and relationships to be translated into rights-bearing political statuses. I conclude with some remarks about how, once established, the principle ofjus tempusis applied in a diverse array of political contexts.

scholarly journals Diocesan Licensing and Medical Practitioners in South-West England, 1660–1780

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Mortimer
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Specific Context ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Medical Expertise ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Decentralized Trade ◽  
South West ◽  
The Many ◽  
South West England

The licensing of provincial surgeons and physicians in the post-Restoration period has proved an awkward subject for medical historians. It has divided writers between those who regard the possession of a local licence as a mark of professionalism or proficiency, those who see the existence of diocesan licences as a mark of an essentially unregulated and decentralized trade, and those who discount the distinction of licensing in assessing medical expertise availability in a given region. Such a diversity of interpretations has meant that the very descriptors by which practitioners were known to their contemporaries (and are referred to by historians) have become fragmented and difficult to use without a specific context. As David Harley has pointed out in his study of licensed physicians in the north-west of England, “historians often define eighteenth-century physicians as men with medical degrees, thus ignoring … the many licensed physicians throughout the country”. One could similarly draw attention to the inadequacy of the word “surgeon” to cover licensed and unlicensed practitioners, barber-surgeons, Company members in towns, self-taught practitioners using surgical manuals, and procedural specialists whose work came under the umbrella of surgery, such as bonesetters, midwives and phlebotomists. Although such fragmentation of meaning reflects a diversity of practices carried on under the same occupational descriptors in early modern England, the result is an imprecise historical literature in which the importance of licensing, and especially local licensing, is either ignored as a delimiter or viewed as an inaccurate gauge of medical proficiency.

A Note on the Shipbuilding in Bengal in the Late Eighteenth Century

Itinerario ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhaswati Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Shipbuilding Industry ◽  
The North ◽  
Indian Ocean Trade ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Indian Ocean

Both overseas trade and shipbuilding in India are of great antiquity. But even for the early modern period, maritime commerce is relatively better documented than the shipbuilding industry. When the Portuguese and later the North Europeans entered the intra-Asian trade, many of the ships they employed in order to supplement their shipping in Asia were obtained from the Indian dockyards. Detailed evidence with regard to shipbuilding, however, is very rare. It has been pointed out that the Portuguese in the sixteenth century were more particular than their North-European counter-parts in the following centuries in providing information on seafaring and shipbuilding. Shipbuilding on the west coast has been discussed more than that on the eastern coast of India, particularly the coast of Bengal. Though Bengal had a long tradition of shipbuilding, direct evidence of shipbuilding in the region is rare. Many changes were brought about in the history of India and the Indian Ocean trade of the eighteenth century, especially after the 1750s. When the English became the largest carriers of Bengal's trade with other parts of Asia, this had an impact on the shipbuilding in Bengal. It was in their interest that the British in Bengal had their ships built in that province.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document