Exploring the Role of Complexity, Content and Individual Differences in Aesthetic Reactions to Semi-Abstract Art Photographs

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-119
Author(s):  
Nathalie Vissers ◽  
Pieter Moors ◽  
Dominique Genin ◽  
Johan Wagemans
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Online Study ◽  
Exploratory Data ◽  
Science Collaboration ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Different Response

Artistic photography is an interesting, but often overlooked, medium within the field of empirical aesthetics. Grounded in an art–science collaboration with art photographer Dominique Genin, this project focused on the relationship between the complexity of a photograph and its aesthetic appeal (beauty, pleasantness, interest). An artistic series of 24 semi-abstract photographs that play with multiple layers, recognisability vs unrecognizability and complexity was specifically created and selected for the project. A large-scale online study with a broad range of individuals (n = 453, varying in age, gender and art expertise) was set up. Exploratory data-driven analyses revealed two clusters of individuals, who responded differently to the photographs. Despite the semi-abstract nature of the photographs, differences seemed to be driven more consistently by the ‘content’ of the photograph than by its complexity levels. No consistent differences were found between clusters in age, gender or art expertise. Together, these results highlight the importance of exploratory, data-driven work in empirical aesthetics to complement and nuance findings from hypotheses-driven studies, as they allow to go further than a priori assumptions, to explore underlying clusters of participants with different response patterns, and to point towards new venues for future research. Data and code for the analyses reported in this article can be found at https://osf.io/2fws6/.

scholarly journals Effects of global warming on plateau plants

2021 ◽  
pp. 963-968
Author(s):  
Dan Wu ◽  
Hui Kong
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Physiological Level ◽  
Survival And Development ◽  
Response Modes ◽  
Different Response ◽  
And Function ◽  
Change Response

Biological and ecological environment in the plateau climate warming, abiotic environmental factors to different degrees of change were summed up from the macroscopic level to microcosmic individual physiological level of global climate change response model. The study summarized the research achievements at home and abroad, pointed out the plant phenology, photosynthesis, nutrient structure and presents different response patterns. These different response modes, from micro to macro, will eventually lead to changes in the structure and function of the Plateau ecosystem. This will threaten the survival and development of the Plateau plants on a large scale. Finally, the future research emphases in this field would be prospected. Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(3): 963-968, 2021 (September) Special

scholarly journals Melanogenesis Using Tyrosinate (Not Tyrosinase)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koen Vercruysse ◽  
Nahfisa Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Disodium Salt ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Mediated Oxidation

<p>We present our initial observations regarding the effect of the presence of L-tyrosinate (= L-tyrosine disodium salt) on the auto- or Fe<sup>2+</sup>/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-mediated oxidation of various catecholic substances into melanin-like pigments. We observed that L-tyrosinate inhibited the Fe<sup>2+</sup>/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-mediated oxidation. In contrast, L-tyrosinate promoted the auto-oxidation of ortho-diphenols like L-DOPA, dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, catechol or pyrogallol, but not a meta-diphenol like resorcinol. In addition, we briefly demonstrated the melanogenic properties of cell culture media containing L-tyrosinate. The reactions were monitored using UV-Vis spectroscopy and size exclusion chromatography. For a reaction between L-tyrosinate and L-DOPA, a large scale experiment was set up allowing us to isolate, purify and characterize using FT-IR spectroscopy the melanin-like material obtained. We discuss our observations in the context of the <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> study of melanogenesis and provide some directions for future research efforts.<i></i></p>

scholarly journals Enabling Trustworthiness in Artificial Intelligence - A Detailed Discussion

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddhartha Vadlamudi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Specific Task ◽  
Maximum Capacity ◽  
Digital Devices ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Distributed Ledger Technology ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Stability

Artificial intelligence (AI) delivers numerous chances to add to the prosperity of people and the stability of economies and society, yet besides, it adds up a variety of novel moral, legal, social, and innovative difficulties. Trustworthy AI (TAI) bases on the possibility that trust builds the establishment of various societies, economies, and sustainable turn of events, and that people, organizations, and societies can along these lines just at any point understand the maximum capacity of AI, if trust can be set up in its development, deployment, and use. The risks of unintended and negative outcomes related to AI are proportionately high, particularly at scale. Most AI is really artificial narrow intelligence, intended to achieve a specific task on previously curated information from a certain source. Since most AI models expand on correlations, predictions could fail to sum up to various populations or settings and might fuel existing disparities and biases. As the AI industry is amazingly imbalanced, and experts are as of now overpowered by other digital devices, there could be a little capacity to catch blunders. With this article, we aim to present the idea of TAI and its five essential standards (1) usefulness, (2) non-maleficence, (3) autonomy, (4) justice, and (5) logic. We further draw on these five standards to build up a data-driven analysis for TAI and present its application by portraying productive paths for future research, especially as to the distributed ledger technology-based acknowledgment of TAI.

scholarly journals Impact of Inter-Gateway Distance on LoRaWAN Performance

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 2197
Author(s):  
Bruno Citoni ◽  
Shuja Ansari ◽  
Qammer Hussain Abbasi ◽  
Muhammad Ali Imran ◽  
Sajjad Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Discrete Event ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Packet Collision ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The One ◽  
Best Fit

The large-scale behaviour of LoRaWAN networks has been studied through mathematical analysis and discrete-time simulations to understand their limitations. However, current literature is not always coherent in its assumptions and network setups. This paper proposes a comprehensive analysis of the known causes of packet loss in an uplink-only LoRaWAN network: duty cycle limitations, packet collision, insufficient coverage, and saturation of a receiver’s demodulation paths. Their impact on the overall Quality of Service (QoS) for a two-gateway network is also studied. The analysis is carried out with the discrete-event network simulator NS-3 and is set up to best fit the real behaviour of devices. This approach shows that increasing gateway density is only effective as the gateways are placed at a distance. Moreover, the trade-off between different outage conditions due to the uneven distribution of spreading factors is not always beneficial, diminishing returns as networks grow denser and wider. In particular, networks operating similarly to the one analysed in this paper should specifically avoid SF11 and 12, which decrease the average overall PDR by about 7% at 10% nodes increment across all configurations. The results of this work intend to homogenise behavioural assumptions and setups of future research investigating the capability of LoRaWAN networks and provide insight on the weight of each outage condition in a varying two-gateway network.

scholarly journals Archival Data Thinking and Practices for Social Media Collections

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lizhou Fan
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Hate Speech ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Archival Data ◽  
Data Collections ◽  
Rapid Processing

In the Web 2.0 Era, most social media archives are born digital and large-scale. With an increasing need for processing them at a fast speed, researchers and archivists have started applying data science methods in managing social media data collections. However, many of the current computational or data-driven archival processing methods are missing the critical background understandings like “why we need to use computational methods,” and “how to evaluate and improve data-driven applications.” As a result, many computational archival science (CAS) attempts, with comparatively narrow scopes and low efficiencies, are not sufficiently holistic. In this talk, we first introduce the proposed concept of “Archival Data Thinking” that highlights the desirable comprehensiveness in mapping data science mindsets to archival practices. Next, we examine several examples of implementing “Archival Data Thinking” in processing two social media collections: (i) the COVID-19 Hate Speech Twitter Archive (CHSTA) and (ii) the Counter-anti-Asian Hate Twitter Archive (CAAHTA), both of which are with millions of records and their metadata, and needs for rapid processing. Finally, as a future research direction, we briefly discuss the standards and infrastructures that can better support the implementation of “Archival Data Thinking”.

scholarly journals Melanogenesis Using Tyrosinate (Not Tyrosinase)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koen Vercruysse ◽  
Nahfisa Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Disodium Salt ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Mediated Oxidation

<p>We present our initial observations regarding the effect of the presence of L-tyrosinate (= L-tyrosine disodium salt) on the auto- or Fe<sup>2+</sup>/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-mediated oxidation of various catecholic substances into melanin-like pigments. We observed that L-tyrosinate inhibited the Fe<sup>2+</sup>/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-mediated oxidation. In contrast, L-tyrosinate promoted the auto-oxidation of ortho-diphenols like L-DOPA, dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, catechol or pyrogallol, but not a meta-diphenol like resorcinol. In addition, we briefly demonstrated the melanogenic properties of cell culture media containing L-tyrosinate. The reactions were monitored using UV-Vis spectroscopy and size exclusion chromatography. For a reaction between L-tyrosinate and L-DOPA, a large scale experiment was set up allowing us to isolate, purify and characterize using FT-IR spectroscopy the melanin-like material obtained. We discuss our observations in the context of the <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> study of melanogenesis and provide some directions for future research efforts.<i></i></p>

scholarly journals Extractive Text Summarization using Recurrent Neural Networks with Attention Mechanism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shimirwa Aline Valerie ◽  
Jian Xu
Keyword(s):  
Recurrent Neural Networks ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Attention Mechanism ◽  
Text Summarization ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Generalization Capability ◽  
Extractive Summarization ◽  
Benchmark Datasets ◽  
Set Up

Extractive summarization aims to select the most important sentences or words from a document to generate a summary. Traditional summarization approaches have relied extensively on features manually designed by humans. In this paper, based on the recurrent neural network equipped with the attention mechanism, we propose a data-driven technique. We set up a general framework that consists of a hierarchical sentence encoder and an attentionbased sentence extractor. The framework allows us to establish various extractive summarization models and explore them. Comprehensive experiments are conducted on two benchmark datasets, and experimental results show that training extractive models based on Reward Augmented Maximum Likelihood (RAML)can improve the model’s generalization capability. And we realize that complicated components of the state-of-the-art extractive models do not attain good performance over simpler ones. We hope that our work can give more hints for future research on extractive text summarization.

Sensation seeking, media multitasking, and social Facebook use

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Gunwoo Yoon ◽  
Brittany R. L. Duff ◽  
Matthew P. Bunker
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Media Multitasking ◽  
Online Study ◽  
Facebook Use ◽  
Use Of Social Media

While media multitasking is an emerging issue, little is known about the underlying motivations of this behavior. We ran a large-scale online study with 351 Facebook users to examine people who multitask when using social media, and why they multitask. We found that the motivation to use Facebook for social reasons significantly predicted increased media multitasking. Moreover, this connection was mediated by individual differences in sensation seeking. These findings contribute to understanding of multitasking behavior and its relationship with the use of social media. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Are personas done? Evaluating their usefulness in the age of digital analytics

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joni Salminen ◽  
Bernard J. Jansen ◽  
Jisun An ◽  
Haewoon Kwak ◽  
Soon-gyo Jung
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Computational Techniques ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Aggregated Data ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Customer Base ◽  
Customer Analytics

In this research, we conceptually examine the use of personas in an age of large-scale online analytics data. Based on the criticism and benefits outlined in prior work and by practitioners working with online data, we formulate the major arguments for and against the use of personas given real-time online analytics data about customers, analyze these arguments, and demonstrate areas for the productive employment of data-driven personas by leveraging online analytics data in their creation. Our key tenet is that data-driven personas are located between aggregated and individual customer statistics. At their best, digital data-driven personas capture the coverage of the customer base attributed to aggregated data representations while retaining the interpretability of individual-level analytics; they benefit from powerful computational techniques and novel data sources. We discuss how digital data-driven personas can draw from technological advancements to remedy the notable concerns voiced by scholars and practitioners, including persona validation, inconsistency problem, and long development times. Finally, we outline areas of future research of personas in the context of online analytics. We argue that to survive in the rapidly developing online customer analytics industry, personas must evolve by adopting new practices.

Platelet Anti-Aggregating Activity and Tolerance of Clopidogrel in Atherosclerotic Patients

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (06) ◽  
pp. 0939-0943 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Boneu ◽  
G Destelle ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Bleeding Time ◽  
Antithrombotic Activity ◽  
Ambulatory Patients ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Ischemic Events ◽  
Large Scale Clinical Trial ◽  
Selection Of

SummaryThe anti-aggregating activity of five rising doses of clopidogrel has been compared to that of ticlopidine in atherosclerotic patients. The aim of this study was to determine the dose of clopidogrel which should be tested in a large scale clinical trial of secondary prevention of ischemic events in patients suffering from vascular manifestations of atherosclerosis [CAPRIE (Clopidogrel vs Aspirin in Patients at Risk of Ischemic Events) trial]. A multicenter study involving 9 haematological laboratories and 29 clinical centers was set up. One hundred and fifty ambulatory patients were randomized into one of the seven following groups: clopidogrel at doses of 10, 25, 50,75 or 100 mg OD, ticlopidine 250 mg BID or placebo. ADP and collagen-induced platelet aggregation tests were performed before starting treatment and after 7 and 28 days. Bleeding time was performed on days 0 and 28. Patients were seen on days 0, 7 and 28 to check the clinical and biological tolerability of the treatment. Clopidogrel exerted a dose-related inhibition of ADP-induced platelet aggregation and bleeding time prolongation. In the presence of ADP (5 \lM) this inhibition ranged between 29% and 44% in comparison to pretreatment values. The bleeding times were prolonged by 1.5 to 1.7 times. These effects were non significantly different from those produced by ticlopidine. The clinical tolerability was good or fair in 97.5% of the patients. No haematological adverse events were recorded. These results allowed the selection of 75 mg once a day to evaluate and compare the antithrombotic activity of clopidogrel to that of aspirin in the CAPRIE trial.

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