Between Political and Economic Imperialism: Russia’s Shifting Global Strategy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Ilya Matveev
Keyword(s):  
Global Strategy ◽  
The State ◽  
Strategic Orientation ◽  
Big Business ◽  
Military Action ◽  
Hard Power ◽  
New Period ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Economic Imperialism ◽  
Post Soviet Space

Abstract Russia experienced both economic and geopolitical expansion in the 2000s. During this time, the Kremlin and big business worked in tandem to assert Russian influence in post-Soviet space. However, the annexation of Crimea and Russia’s involvement in the war in Eastern Ukraine in 2014 marked a new period that severed the state’s geopolitical strategy and the interests of big capital. While the state continues to engage in open and covert military action, the activity of Russian business abroad has sharply diminished. Relying on David Harvey’s concepts of territorial and capitalist logics of power, the article explores the interplay between political and economic imperialism during Putin’s 20 years in power and situates Russia within today’s global imperialist landscape. I find that the Kremlin’s geopolitical and geoeconomic shift in 2014 can ultimately be explained by the strategic orientation of the country’s leadership, in particular, the deeply ingrained emphasis on security and ‘hard power’. However, the turn away from economic imperialism was also structurally determined by the exhaustion of the country’s economic engine that no longer generates surplus capital in need of a ‘spatial fix’.

scholarly journals Economic Cooperation Development Issues between the EAEU

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jusup Pirimbaev ◽  
Anara Kamalova
Keyword(s):  
Main Idea ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
The State ◽  
Member States ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
Effective Development ◽  
Post Soviet Space

The Organization of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) is the first real attempt to conduct integration processes in the post-soviet space among several states. However, the question of its expansion at the expense of other states remains open, as well as the further deepening of relations within the Union and the improvement of the mechanisms for integrating the economies of the member states. In this regard, the analysis of the state of economic relations is carried out and the ways of solving some aspects of the coming period are shown. The main idea of solving the problems of the Union is the gradual and effective development of standards for economic relations.

scholarly journals Russia’s Soft Power as a Limited Efficiency Tool in Lithuania

Politologija ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-97
Author(s):  
Giedrius Česnakas ◽  
Vytautas Isoda
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Demographic Trends ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
The Past ◽  
Hard Power ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Article Abstract ◽  
Post Soviet Space

[full article, abstract in English; abstract in Lithuanian] Lithuania has been a target of Russia’s soft power efforts for the past two decades. The aim of this article is to analyse Russia’s soft power influence possibilities in Lithuania. First, it analyzes how soft power is interpreted in Russia compared to the Western conception. Then, Russia’s soft power instruments and their core goals are reviewed, not all of which fall under the category of “soft power instruments” according to the Western understanding. The article proceeds with demographic changes in Lithuania and trends of consumption of Russian culture and information in Lithuania. The main argument is that Russia is not aiming to apply soft power to the general Lithuanian society but to particular groups within the population (Russophone minorities and residents with sentiments for the Soviet Union). It can be assumed that demographic trends and Russia’s aggressive actions will increasingly limit its soft power capabilities. However, the greatest setback to Russia’s soft power in Lithuania is arguably caused by its continuing reliance on hard power when it comes to countries of the post-Soviet space.

Managing Society: Protest, Civil Society, and Regime in Putin's Russia

Slavic Review ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 528-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme B. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Authoritarian Regimes ◽  
The State ◽  
Hybrid Regimes ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
The Stability ◽  
New System ◽  
Post Soviet Space

Postcommunist Russia has become a paradigmatic case of contemporary authoritarianism in which elections coexist with autocratic rule. In this paper, Graeme B. Robertson argues that it is vital for the stability of such hybrid regimes for incumbents to maintain an image of political invincibility. This means intensively managing challenges both during elections and in the streets. To do this, Vladimir Putin's regime has built on the Soviet repertoire of channeling and inhibiting protest, creating a new system for licensing civil society and crafting ersatz social movements that rally support for the state. This contemporary style of repression has become a model for authoritarian regimes in the post-Soviet space and elsewhere.

scholarly journals Politics of the USA in Post-Soviet Central Asia: character and prospects

2012 ◽  
pp. 155-164
Author(s):  
A. A. Каzаntsev
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Strategic Competition ◽  
European Dimension ◽  
New Period ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
American Policy ◽  
Soviet Central Asia ◽  
Post Soviet Space

Four main periods can be distinguished in US policy in Central Asia. In the first half of the 1990-s the relations with Russia were a priority, and the region was perceived as a «Russia's backyard». In the second half of the 1990-s US policy in the region has become more active and strategic competition with Russia started to grow. However, Russia's strategic priority in the region was contested only partially. After 9/11 American strategy in the region has become quite aggressive, geopolitical competition with Russia (and, partially, with China) has peaked during the «color» revolutions and then during Russian-Georgian war in 2008. During Obama's presidency serious attempts to establish a dialogue with Russia and China have been made. Post-Soviet space has partially lost its priority due to its connection with European dimension of American policy, while Afghan dimension is still a key factor determining American strategy in Central Asia. Now we are on the threshold of a new period in American policy, which is connected to the withdrawal from Afghanistan.

scholarly journals Specificity of reflection of national values in the constitutions of the states of the post-soviet space

2021 ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
T. Kuzmenkova
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
The State ◽  
Basic Law ◽  
National Values ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Fundamental Law ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Post Soviet Space

The article touches upon the issues of the influence of worldview factors on the process of formation of law, and above all on the content of the fundamental law of the state. The characteristic of the specifics of the reflection of the axiological component in the constitutions of the states of the post-Soviet space is given. In this regard, the analysis of the latest changes in the constitutional text in the studied countries for the presence of ideological theses in them is carried out. The disclosure of the discussed topic is carried out through the prism of characterizing the problematic aspects of the concept of human rights, including the problem of its universality. Among other things, the article assesses the prospects for changing the Basic Law of the Republic of Belarus in the context of the reflection of national values in its text.

scholarly journals Nadezhda Ivanovna Gainullina: In Memoriam

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-131
Author(s):  
Ainakul B Tumanova
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
The State ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
In Memoriam ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Post Soviet Space

The article is written in memory of an outstanding philologist and an amazing person - Doctor of Philology, Professor Nadezhda Ivanovna Gainullina. The text does not have one author; it is a polyglossia of memories and impressions about the Person, who for many years set the standards of higher education of the Republic of Kazakhstan. As an application, the reader is offered a list of works protected under the guidance of N.I. Gainullina. This is a kind of navigation map on modern lexicology of Kazakhstan, which can be useful to anyone who explores the state of the Russian language in the post-Soviet space.

scholarly journals THE MODELS OF STATE-CONFESSIONAL RELATIONS IN THE HISTORICAL CONTEXT

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Yang ◽  
◽  
T. Marmontova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
The State ◽  
Classical Type ◽  
Recent Period ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Social ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Post Soviet Space

In this paper, described the results of research about the evolution of state-confessional relations in the recent period. Authors were identified 3 main models of state-confessional relations: theocracy, the liberal model, and a model involving a strict separation state and church. Was make a comparative analysis of these models, indicating that theocracy was historically the first, and is now preserved in a form close to the classical type in the Vatican and Saudi Arabia. In the liberal states, such as Germany and Norway is possible to transfer some of the functions of the state to church communities. The third model takes place in the post-Soviet space, in China. It is due to the rigid separation state and church. The main conclusion of the authors is the recognition of the fact of the serious influence of religion on the social situation in the state.

scholarly journals Religious Situation in Contemporary Azerbaijan

2021 ◽  
pp. 163-179
Author(s):  
M. Murtazin
Keyword(s):  
National Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Post Soviet Space

Azerbaijan is the only country in the post-Soviet space where shiism is dominant and most Muslims are shiits. During the three decades of independent national development relations between the state and religion passed through 3 stages. As a result Azerbaijan lives now in conditions of symphony between the state and religion which may be preserved in the near perspective.

scholarly journals Twenty Years of The State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine: The Experience of Establishing the First National Pharmacopoeia in The Post-Soviet Area

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Grizodoub
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
European Pharmacopoeia ◽  
Standard Samples ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Heart Attacks ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Post Soviet Space

The quality and life expectancy of the population depends on the level of access to modern, high-quality, effective and evidence-based medical and pharmaceutical care. These types of care play a significant role in the pharmacotherapy of cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is one of the main medical, biological and socio-economic problems of society. CVDs cause 67% of all deaths in Ukraine. For comparison: in France and Japan, this component in the structure of mortality is 29%, in the United States - 31%. Heart attacks are one of the main nosologies that cause high mortality from COVID. The 1st October, 2021 marks 20 years since the introduction of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine. The purpose of the study was to experience of creating the first national pharmacopoeia in the post-Soviet space. Ukraine, the first in the post-Soviet space, managed to create its own State Pharmacopoeia, which is fully harmonized with the European Pharmacopoeia and takes into account national specifics. The State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine relies on its own National system of pharmacopoeial standard samples and pharmacopoeial program of professional testing of control laboratories as feedback from users. The State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine is not funded by the state, and the Pharmacopoeia Center is a completely self-supporting structure. In general, the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine can be considered the best National Pharmacopoeia in the post-Soviet space.

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