Why is Friday better than Sunday? The joy of anticipation hypothesis beats the fundamental law of psychophysics

We present survey evidence that most people prefer Friday to Sunday. Moreover, we pit against one another two explanations for this fact, the joy of anticipation hypothesis and the Weber law. According to the joy of anticipation hypothesis, Friday promises a weekend ahead, and Sunday does not. The Weber law predicts a relative decrease in the perception of interesting new events as the weekend passes, contributing to the impression that time wanes as Sunday comes. Our findings favor the joy of anticipation hypothesis.

JUDICIAL ENFORCEMENT BY SOCIAL ASPECTS

Nowadays, mortality loses its importance. Moral behaviour, and religion have become an alternative. In the public consciousness, religion and morality play second fiddle to law, which is contrary to the use of public discourse. In every rule of law, however, law and its enforcement not a matter of choice. Law is mandatory for all people without exception – as The Fundamental Law of Hungary also sets it out. The main objective of my study is to combine the judicial enforcement with the social network in Hungary, as a system, based on solidarity, given that no particular attention has been paid to this so far. Apart from some measures (debt management programme, National Asset Management Programme), the involvement of the social network in the enforcement procedure has not taken place, although it could be extremely important in particular when judgment debtors are on the verge of eviction.

Implications On Fundamental Labor Reform During The Covid 19 Pandemic

The objective was to analyze, through a bibliographical review, the implications of labor reform on fundamental law during the Covid 19 pandemic. The legal circle did not remain silent, and technical arguments were formed in several articles by renowned Brazilian jurists. Therefore, this article generally tries to bring the legal impact of the tragic and unfortunate scenarios brought about by COVID-19 and their impact on society to contemporary reality from a legal perspective. The type of study is a systematic review, research of the type has the primary objective of exposing the attributes of a given phenomenon or statement among its variables. Thus, it is recommended that it presents characteristics such as: analyzing the atmosphere as a direct source of data and the researcher as a switch instrument; not to broker the use of statistical artifices and methods, having as a greater apprehension the interpretation of phenomena and the imputation of results, the method should be the main focus for the approach and not the result or the fruit, the appreciation of the data should be achieved from intuitively and inductively through the searcher.

Implementasi Rancangan Pembelajaran Berbasis Sharing dan Jumping Task pada Konsep Hukum Kekekalan Massa

The law of conservation of mass is a fundamental law and is related to other chemical materials such as chemical reaction equations so that student's learning obstacles of the law of conservation of mass must be overcome. One of the ways to overcome student's learning obstacles of the law of conservation of mass concept is the implementation of sharing and jumping task based lesson design, which is the aim of this research. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive research method. The research subjects were students of X.1 and X.2 SMA in Bandung and chemistry teacher who collaborate with researcher as team teaching. The data on the implementation of sharing and jumping task based lesson design of the law of conservation of mass was obtained from observations, tests, and interviews. Implementation of sharing and jumping task based lesson design of the law of conservation of mass concept was carried out twice. The result of the first implementation is that the previously identified learning obstacles still appear but in a smaller percentage. After the first implementation of the lesson design, it was revised and implemented in other class. The results of the second implementation can overcome student's learning obstacle who think that the mass of solids is heavier than the mass of liquids, but a small number of students still do not take into account the mass of gases in chemical reactions and do not fully understand the meaning of the law of conservation of mass.

Constitutionalism within Times of Change: Authority, Society and Democracy

This article, following classical methodological patterns, as well as their evolution framework, identifies key features of the two most predominant constitutionalism traditions — political and legal, simultaneously drawing indispensable red lines with regard to correlation of the doctrine and a Fundamental Law itself. Respectively, the features have been rendered as the very elements of constitutionalism’s role within times of change — i. e., over the aforementioned time frames and transition states in between — whereas the doctrine’s capacity to answer so-called “questions of constitutionalism” constitutes its underlying response mechanism. The article addresses the phenomena of authority, society and democracy in their modern perception, and makes crucial points upon the constitutionalism’s effect on their sheer structures.

Fidesz, liberal democracy and the fundamental law in Hungary

After its landslide victories of 2010, 2014 and 2018, Fidesz has introduced numerous institutional changes in the Hungarian political system. The academic research has emphasized the illiberal and antidemocratic character of these reforms, and the populist ideology of the party has been widely considered as the underlying force behind them. This study analyzes the most important reform that Fidesz has undertaken: the new Fundamental Law, enacted in 2012. We examine whether this change can be regarded as a violation of liberal democratic principles, and, if that is the case, whether it can be linked to the populist character of Fidesz. We found that some of the most criticized dispositions of the newly enacted constitution cannot be regarded as violations of liberal democratic principles, whereas other changes clearly constitute attacks to the foundations of Hungarian democracy, mainly affecting the separation of powers and the civil rights of minorities, These findings are largely consistent with the effects of populist governments on democracy as documented in the literature.

Shaping Presidential Powers in Hungary: Convention, Tradition and Informal Constitutional Amendments

There was no tradition of a republican president in Hungary before the fall of communism, and the transitory constitution of 1989 was unclear about the exact role the President should play in the constitutional system of Hungary. Some provisions even resembled those of presidential or semi-presidential systems; some ambiguities were clarified during the first two decades after the transition. Conventions, however, were established to some extent and sometimes very quickly. This period gave rise to guidelines as to how the powers of the President should be exercised. Some other powers were concretized and interpreted foremost by the Constitutional Court. These conventions and judicial interpretations formed the character of the Presidency to the extent of informal constitutional change. Some of these elements have even been incorporated into and formalized by the new Fundamental Law of Hungary. The present contribution will point out how the originally broad competencies of the President have been narrowed in the practice, and what role the Constitutional Court and political actors played in this process.

Constitutional protection of the environment with particular regard to the Hungarian, German, Italian and Belgian constitutional regulation

Environmental protection has become a burning issue which plays a more and more important role in the world. The aim of this study is to give a picture of the constitutional regulation of environmental protection which is the highest legal source of a nation. Besides the Hungarian Fundamental Law, the German, Italian and Belgian constitutions were examined in the study. On one hand, we looked into how environment is regulated in the constitutions, as a right (right to environment) or a state task or objective (protect the environment). On the other hand, we analysed how related regulatory subjects appear in the constitutions, such as natural resources, future generations and sustainable development.

The Protection of the Interests of Future Generations in the 10-Year-Old Hungarian Constitution, With Special Reference to the Right to a Healthy Environment and Other Environmental Issues

The present study is inspired by the tenth anniversary of the new Hungarian Constitution, known under the name of Fundamental Law, which was adopted in 2011 and entered into force in 2012. In this study we analyse the ten-year old Fundamental Law and its constitutional practice with regard to the important challenges and tasks of the 21st century, namely how the protection of the interests of future generations and the environment are reflected in it. Particularly important elements of the study are (a) the institutional guarantees of the relevant provisions, such as the provisions relating to the Constitutional Court and the Advocate of Future Generations, (b) the concept of GMO-free agriculture in the Fundamental Law, (c) the theses of the Constitutional Court practice on the prohibition of retrogression and the precautionary principle, (d) new interpretative frameworks and possibilities arising from other values of the Fundamental Law, such as the provisions on Christian culture, (e) the open questions of interpretation of the Fundamental Law on waste and the environmental liability regime, (f) the priority protection of natural resources, which are the common heritage of the nation, and last but not least (g) the particularly forward-looking integration of the interests of future generations in the rules on public finances and national assets.