scholarly journals Technology Policy in Developing Countries: Indigenous Programs and Political Econorny Theory

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Joel R. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Technology Policy ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Technology Infrastructure ◽  
China And India ◽  
Policy Goals ◽  
Applied Technology ◽  
India And China

The nature of the state and whether it is able to create a national innovation system have been the primary variables determining the direction of technology policy. This article considers five major cases: Taiwan and Korea, India. China, and Tanzania. Two of the cases, Taiwan and Korea, represent Newly lndustrializing Economies, while India and China represent emerging concinencal economies. All four have been, to varying degrees, Successful instances. Taiwan and Korea were able to link industrial development with applied technology development. while China and India had mixed successes and took much longer to realize technology policy goals. Tanzania illustrates the difficulties encountered by developing countries in creating a science and technology infrastructure. The article also presents theoretical implications of these cases, and assesses shortcomings in technology policy literature.

scholarly journals The emergence of Kawasaki disease in India and China

2018 ◽  
Vol 2017 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankur Kumar Jindal ◽  
Vingesh Pandiarajan ◽  
Raju Khubchandani ◽  
Nutan Kamath ◽  
Tapas Sabui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Resource Constrained ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
China And India ◽  
The World ◽  
Acquired Heart Disease ◽  
India And China

Kawasaki disease (KD) is recognized as a leading cause of acquired heart disease in children in developed countries. Although global in distribution, Japan records the highest incidence of KD in the world. Epidemiological reports from the two most populous countries in the world, namely China and India, indicate that KD is now being increasingly recognized. Whether this increased reporting is due to increased ascertainment, or is due to a true increase in incidence, remains a matter of conjecture. The diagnosis and management of KD in developing countries is a challenging proposition. In this review we highlight some of the difficulties faced by physicians in managing children with KD in resource-constrained settings. 

scholarly journals Increasing Global Competitiveness: A Case for the Pakistan Economy

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (Special Edition) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamyla Chaudry
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Industrial Competitiveness ◽  
China And India ◽  
Competitiveness Index ◽  
Main Components ◽  
India And China

The issue of global competitiveness is critical for developing countries. This paper looks at the drivers that influence industrial competitiveness and provides a comparison of these drivers for Pakistan, India and China. The analysis shows that Pakistan lags behind China and India in most of the main components of the industrial competitiveness index. The analysis also presents a series of micro and macro level policy recommendations aimed at increasing Pakistan’s industrial competitiveness.

A Triple Helix Strategy for Promoting SME Development

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sauwapa Yuwawutto ◽  
Thitapha Smitinont ◽  
Numtip Charoenanong ◽  
Nattaka Yokakul ◽  
Somchai Chatratana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Triple Helix ◽  
Technology Policy ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Weak Links ◽  
The North ◽  
Triple Helix Model ◽  
Assistance Programme ◽  
Effective Network ◽  
The University

This paper examines the university–industry–government relationship as a mechanism for enhancing the efficiency and competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The case of a community enterprise producing dried banana products in the north of Thailand is used to demonstrate the significance of the Triple Helix model for business and technology development in SMEs. Government initiatives designed to promote innovation leading to price and quality competitiveness of the products of SMEs and community enterprises are explored and their effectiveness is discussed. In developing countries, where there are weak links and limited interactions between the institutional sectors of government, academia and industry, intermediaries play a crucial role in building networks to facilitate the transfer and exchange of knowledge. Effective network links would enable SMEs to have access to various sources of financial, knowledge, technology and market support. In Thailand, the Industrial Technology Assistance Programme (ITAP) plays an important intermediary role in identifying the needs of SMEs, accessing relevant knowledge and technology from universities and other sources of knowledge, and matching the demand of SMEs for knowledge/technology with the supply available from universities and research and development laboratories. The experience of the dried banana community enterprise discussed in this paper gives credence to the view that SMEs in developing countries such as Thailand would benefit significantly from technology policy based on the Triple Helix model and the proactive role of intermediary agencies such as ITAP.

Promoting Lean Innovation for SMEs

2016 ◽  
pp. 165-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Solleiro ◽  
Rosario Castañón ◽  
Claudia Gaona
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Learning Abilities ◽  
Target Firms ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
Innovation Policies

In Mexican SMEs the IDB, COMECYT and CONACYT have sponsored innovation. Target firms belong to priority manufacturing and service sectors and they have been supported through providing technical assistance to generating technology-development projects and innovation-based networks as well as matching funds for those projects. Over 150 Mexican SMEs participated in this effort in the period 2011-2013 to build and implement innovation agendas with the assistance of innovation managers. This paper includes an analysis of participating firms, their perceived technology needs, their openness to collaborate with actors of the innovation system and their abilities to identify goals, formulate proposals and implement specific projects. The conclusion is that success of innovation policies in developing countries is highly dependent on previous experience and learning abilities of firms. Finally, some recommendations are drawn for building capacities at the firm level as well as for strengthening innovation policies aimed at involving and technologically upgrading SMEs.

Maximizing Utility vis-à-vis Developing Countries

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Blodgett Bermeo
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Formal Model ◽  
Policy Goals ◽  
The Government ◽  
Development Outcomes

This chapter develops a formal model of targeted development. It starts from the assumption that governments in industrialized states seek to maximize their own utility in interactions with developing countries. Development concerns compete with other policy goals for scarce government resources. The level of development resources an industrialized country government targets to a particular developing country depends on the weight the government places on development in that country as well as the efficiency of the country in turning resources into development outcomes that the industrialized state values. One of the key insights of the model is that, as governments work to maximize the utility gained per dollar (or euro, yen, etc.) spent, development motives will influence policy in multiple issue areas. The chapter also draws out implications of the theory for each of the issue areas examined in the empirical chapters.

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