Genetic diversity and morphological variability in Polygonum aviculare s.l. (Polygonaceae) of Iran

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 233 (2) ◽  
pp. 166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samaneh Mosaferi ◽  
Masoud Sheidai ◽  
Maryam Keshavarzi ◽  
Zahra Noormohammdai
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Gene Exchange ◽  
Consensus Tree ◽  
Polygonum Aviculare ◽  
Molecular Investigation ◽  
Variable Species ◽  
Issr Molecular Markers ◽  
Positive Significant Correlation

A molecular investigation was carried out on the variable species Polygonum aviculare using 109 plants from 12 Iranian populations. ISSR molecular markers were used for genetic study. AMOVA and Gst analyses revealed a high genetic variability both within and among populations. Mantel test showed positive significant correlation between genetic and geographical distance of populations. Structure and K-Means clustering revealed stratification ingenetic characteristics of accessions. Networking and reticulation analyses showed some degree of gene exchange among populations. Consensus tree based on morphological and genetic data separated some of these populations from the others suggesting the existence of new taxa within this species.

Species delimitation and population structure in three Onosma (Boraginaceae) species

Biologia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Sheidai ◽  
Samira Sadeghi ◽  
Mahnaz-Arab Ameri ◽  
Ahmad-Reza Mehrabeian
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Genetic Difference ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Geographical Distance ◽  
Nj Tree ◽  
Issr Molecular Markers

AbstractThe present study aimed to reveal genetic diversity and population structure in three Onosma species i.e., Onosma bulbotrichum DC., O. elwendicum Wettst. and O. sericeum Willd. (Boraginaceae) growing in Iran. This study was performed to check if the ISSR molecular markers could be used in the Onosma species delimitation. We also investigated the infra-specific morphological variability and if we can identify infra-species taxonomic forms. The present study revealed within species genetic and morphological diversity. ISSR data could delimit the studied species as they were separated from each other in NJ tree, maximum parsimony and STRUCTURE analysis. AMOVA and Hickory tests produced significant genetic difference among the studied species. The Mantel test showed no correlation between genetic distance and geographical distance of the populations for all three species. Reticulation analysis and Nm estimation showed gene flow among these populations. We could identify a few ISSR loci that are adaptive. Data obtained can be used in conservation of these medicinal plants in Iran.

Neotypification of the Linnaean name Iris aphylla (Iridaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 273 (2) ◽  
pp. 141 ◽  
Author(s):  
EUGENY V. BOLTENKOV
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
European Russia ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Forest Edges ◽  
Variable Species ◽  
Open Forests

Iris aphylla Linnaeus (1753: 38) (Iridaceae) is a highly variable species from the morphological point of view, especially in the height of stem, stem branching, size of leaves, and color of flowers. Moreover, it can be found in different habitats. In the Middle-Russian Upland, this plant is mostly associated with meadow steppes on slopes and, rarely, with edges of shrub thickets; also occurs along forest edges and in open forests, where blooming plants are rare (Kazakova et al. 2015). It is native to Central, Eastern, and some parts of Western Europe. The species is widespread in the Ukraine and mainly in the south of middle European Russia, while in the European countries its populations are sparser. Iris aphylla is of autotetraploid origin (Mitra 1956); plants with the chromosome number 2n = 48 are found more frequently in Europe (Wróblewska et al. 2010). Its numerous synonyms, including four subspecies, indicate the variability of this species. The genetic data confirm the conclusion that the subspecies of I. aphylla should be regarded as a single species (Wróblewska et al. 2010). According to my best knowledge (see also Jarvis 2007) the name I. aphylla is still lacking typification.

Observations on the morphology, anatomy, classification, and reproductive cycle of Saxifraga ferruginea

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Randhawa ◽  
Katherine I. Beamish
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Diagnostic Feature ◽  
Plantlet Production ◽  
Stomata Size ◽  
Variable Species ◽  
The Many ◽  
Petal Size ◽  
Made In

A survey of morphology and anatomy has been made in the wide-ranging species, Saxifraga ferruginea Graham (Saxifragaceae), of western North America. Anatomical features are reported in detail and are consistent within the six populations studied.The species has been subdivided in many different ways by many taxonomists on the basis of morphological variability. The characteristics previously used and many others have been examined in the present study: leaf and bract size, shape, dentation, and pubescence; petal size and shape; size of pollen grains and stomata; size of seeds and length of tubercles thereon. Special attention has been given to frequency of plantlet production since this is a prime diagnostic feature in existing classifications. The many morphological features examined have all been found to vary so much even within populations that no pattern of subspeciation has appeared.The conclusion is that S. ferruginea should be considered one variable species, there being no stable characters and correlated differences on which to base subcategories. A summary of the reproductive cycle of the species is included.

scholarly journals A New Combination in Holodiscus (Rosaceae, Amygdaloideae, Spiraeeae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 477 (2) ◽  
pp. 284-290
Author(s):  
DANIEL POTTER ◽  
ROGER RAICHE
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Data ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Serpentine Soils ◽  
Variable Species ◽  
Sonoma County ◽  
Coast Ranges ◽  
Distinct Morphology ◽  
Outer Coast

Holodiscus dumosus var. cedrorum, The Cedars oceanspray, was described in 2011 in recognition of the distinct morphology of populations occurring on serpentine soils in The Cedars area in the Outer Coast Ranges of Sonoma County, California. Morphological and genetic data suggest that this taxon should instead be treated as a variety of Holodiscus discolor, here interpreted broadly as a widespread and highly variable species with several taxonomic varieties that intergrade. The new combination Holodiscus discolor var. cedrorum is made and a key to the varieties that occur in California is provided.

Morphological variability of Himantoglossum s.s. (Orchidaceae) in Greece

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 245 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spyros Tsiftsis
Keyword(s):  
Floral Morphology ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Canonical Variates Analysis ◽  
Canonical Variates ◽  
Variable Species ◽  
Two Populations

The variability of Himantoglossum s.s. populations in Greece has long been recognised, resulting in disagreements in their identification. For the purposes of the present study, several populations of H. jankae occurring throughout Greece were morphologically analysed and compared to populations of ambiguous taxonomic status from the Peloponnese and the island of Lesvos. The multivariate patterns of flower size variation of 24 Himantoglossum s.s. populations was investigated with a canonical variates analysis, and their morphometric relationships were further illustrated with a hierarchical cluster analysis. The results indicate that: a) H. jankae should be regarded as a very variable species, b) the two populations from Lesvos and Peloponnese cannot be separated from those of H. jankae, and c) there is a trend of gradual decrease in the dimensions of specific floral organs in a north to south direction, probably suggesting the effects of climatic conditions on floral morphology. All findings demonstrate that the studied populations indeed fall within the variability of H. jankae and not H. caprinum, a species whose presence in Greece cannot be attested on the basis of morphology.

scholarly journals Characterisation of Trichodorus similis (Nematoda: Trichodoridae) associated with potato from the Czech Republic

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-407
Author(s):  
M. Elshishka ◽  
V. Peneva ◽  
S. Lazarova ◽  
S. Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Species Specific

Summary Trichodorus similis associated with potato in the Czech Republic was described and illustrated. This study provides additional information on morphometrical and morphological characters of T. similis and integrates morphological and genetic data obtained by species-specific polymerase chain reaction and sequencing (ITS1 and D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rDNA). The knowledge on morphological variability and genetic diversity is extended, and a rapid and accurate molecular diagnostics was successfully applied.

scholarly journals Morphological variation, an expanded description and ethnobotanical evaluation of Cycas seemannii A.Braun (Cycadaceae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnar Keppel
Keyword(s):  
Entire Range ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Cultural Importance ◽  
Taxonomic Description ◽  
Variable Species ◽  
Torres Strait ◽  
Ethnobotanical Uses

Cycas seemannii (Cycadaceae) is a widespread and highly variable species. This study investigates morphological variability and ethnobotanical uses throughout the entire range (Torres Strait Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Fiji and Tonga) of the species. The morphological characters studied are highly variable among populations and unrelated to genetic differences. Characters are also more variable than previously assumed and because of this we provide an updated, detailed taxonomic description of Cycas seemannii based on extensive morphometric data, fieldwork and herbarium specimens. The plant is of great cultural importance in Vanuatu, its seeds are utilised as a source of starch and it is a widely cultivated ornamental. Possible consequences of the plant's decreasing cultural importance are discussed.

scholarly journals Species delimitation and genetic diversity analysis in Salvia with the use of ISSR molecular markers

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoumeh Safaei ◽  
Masoud Sheidai ◽  
Behnaz Alijanpoor ◽  
Zahra Noormohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Species Relationship ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeats ◽  
Alborz Mountain ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Issr Molecular Markers

AbstractThirty-nine plant specimens of six Salvia species were collected from different localities of the Alborz mountain region in Iran and studied for morphological and genetic variability and species relationship. Inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) molecular markers showed a high degree of within-species and interspecific genetic variability in Salvia. Analysis of molecular variance and Hickory tests showed significant molecular difference among the studied populations. A principal coordinate analysis plot of morphological characters grouped the species into two distinct groups, supporting their taxonomic treatment. This was partly supported by ISSR networking. The Mantel test did not show a correlation between genetic distance and the geographical distance of the studied populations. STRUCTURE and reticulation analyses revealed some degree of gene fl ow among the species. The present study showed that ISSR molecular markers could be used in Salvia species delimitation along with morphological study.

Genetic diversity and morphological variability of fifteen Stachys (Lamiaceae) species from Iran using morphological and ISSR molecular markers

Biologia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Navaz Kharazian ◽  
Somayeh Rahimi ◽  
Behrouz Shiran
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Gene Variation ◽  
Germplasm Diversity ◽  
Issr Molecular Markers ◽  
Zagros Region

AbstractStachys L. (Lamiaceae) exhibits a great range of variation with cosmopolitan distribution. An area extremely rich in taxa including 34 species has been introduced in Iran. This study documents the genetic diversity and morphological variations of 48 accessions from fifteen Stachys species and two subspecies belonging to six sections. All of the specimens were collected from natural habitats in Zagros region of Iran. In order to evaluate morphological variations, 21 characters were used. Eleven ISSR primers with DNA samples of leaves were applied to assess the genetic variations among species and populations of the Stachys genus. Based on the results, from the eleven primers screened, nine primers produced reproducible bands. The highest percentage of polymorphism included 100% in section Aucheriana. Analysis of molecular variance revealed a high proportion of gene variation (42%) among populations within species. In total sections, the UPGMA clustering dendrogram genetically detected different groups. Based on the morphological analysis, each section was definitely positioned. A high genetic diversity and polymorphism was found among Stachys accessions belonging to each section. Based on the findings, the germplasm diversity was due to the wealth genetic resources in the central Zagros region which are important in plant breeding and gene conservation purposes. In addition, morphological and ISSR molecular markers are useful to display the diversity in Stachys genus.

Morphological variation in Bromus sect. Ceratochloa germplasm of Patagonia

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia N Massa ◽  
Kevin B Jensen ◽  
Steve R Larson ◽  
David J Hole
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
South American ◽  
Test Statistic ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Variable Species ◽  
Nearly Continuous

South American representatives of Bromus sect. Ceratochloa make up a morphologically diverse group of grasses indigenous to the southern Andes of Argentina and Chile. The objectives of the present study were to describe patterns of morphological variation among 30 accessions representing six species (Bromus catharticus Vahl, Bromus coloratus Steud., Bromus lithobius Trin., Bromus mango E. Desv., Bromus stamineus E. Desv., and Bromus tunicatus Phil.) in a common garden, correlate morphological and previously obtained molecular data, and develop a taxonomic treatment within sect. Ceratochloa of South America. Plant materials included 28 hexaploid (2n = 6x = 42) and 2 octoploid (2n = 8x = 56) accessions. Based on multivariate analyses of 24 characters, the two octoploid accessions formed an isolated, well-defined group, while the hexaploids formed two less-defined groups. Characterized by lemma awns longer than 3 mm, one group consisted of those accessions of B. coloratus, B. lithobius, and B. stamineus, whereas the other group consisted of B. catharticus, B. mango, and B. tunicatus. A significant Mantel test statistic (r = 0.70, P = 0.001) suggested a high correlation between morphological variation and DNA polymorphism. Taken together, our results indicated that the hexaploid complex should be described as a single variable species (B. cathar ticus), with two nearly continuous groups: B. catharticus subsp. catharticus (Vahl) Herter and B. catharticus subsp. stamineus (E. Desv.) Massa. Based on nomenclature priority and type specimen designations, the octoploid accessions should be described as Bromus coloratus.Key words: Bromus, morphology, multivariate analysis, Patagonia, taxonomy.

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