Morphological variability of Himantoglossum s.s. (Orchidaceae) in Greece

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 245 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spyros Tsiftsis
Keyword(s):  
Floral Morphology ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Canonical Variates Analysis ◽  
Canonical Variates ◽  
Variable Species ◽  
Two Populations

The variability of Himantoglossum s.s. populations in Greece has long been recognised, resulting in disagreements in their identification. For the purposes of the present study, several populations of H. jankae occurring throughout Greece were morphologically analysed and compared to populations of ambiguous taxonomic status from the Peloponnese and the island of Lesvos. The multivariate patterns of flower size variation of 24 Himantoglossum s.s. populations was investigated with a canonical variates analysis, and their morphometric relationships were further illustrated with a hierarchical cluster analysis. The results indicate that: a) H. jankae should be regarded as a very variable species, b) the two populations from Lesvos and Peloponnese cannot be separated from those of H. jankae, and c) there is a trend of gradual decrease in the dimensions of specific floral organs in a north to south direction, probably suggesting the effects of climatic conditions on floral morphology. All findings demonstrate that the studied populations indeed fall within the variability of H. jankae and not H. caprinum, a species whose presence in Greece cannot be attested on the basis of morphology.

scholarly journals Morphological variability and genetic diversity in Carex buxbaumii and Carex hartmaniorum (Cyperaceae) populations

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11372
Author(s):  
Helena Więcław ◽  
Magdalena Szenejko ◽  
Thea Kull ◽  
Zofia Sotek ◽  
Ewa Rębacz-Maron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Function Analysis ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Intraspecific Variability ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Chromosome Count ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Infraspecific Taxa ◽  
Two Populations

Background Carex buxbaumii and C. hartmaniorum are sister species of the clade Papilliferae within the monophyletic section Racemosae. An unambiguous identification of these species is relatively difficult due to the interspecific continuum of some morphological characters as well as the intraspecific variability. The study was aimed at determining the range of variability, both morphological and genetic, within and between these two closely related and similar species. Methods The sedges were collected during botanical expeditions to Armenia, Estonia, the Netherlands, and Poland. The morphological separation of the two species and their populations was tested using the Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA). The genetic variability of the 19 Carex populations was assessed in the presence of eight Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) primers. Results Results of the study indicate a considerable genetic affinity between the two sedge species (mean Si = 0.619). However, the populations of C. hartmaniorum are, morphologically and genetically, more homogenous than the populations of C. buxbaumii. Compared to C. hartmaniorum, C. buxbaumii usually has wider leaf blades, a shorter inflorescence, a lower number of spikes which are shorter, but wider, and longer bracts and utricles. The AMOVA showed a larger variation between the populations of C. buxbaumii, representing 25.65% of the total variation in the taxon. Two populations of C. buxbaumii (from Poland and Estonia) are separated from the remaining populations, both genetically and morphologically; their individuals show shorter utricles and glumes, compared to the typical specimens of C. buxbaumii, and correspond with the morphology of putative infraspecific taxa described by Cajander (var. brevisquamosa and var. confusa). Conclusions The taxonomic status of the putative infraspecific taxa within C. buxbaumii requires further studies throughout the distribution range of C. buxbaumii, addressing habitats, morphology and genetics (including a chromosome count or a combination of different genetic methods), particularly as the variability in C. buxbaumii may be associated with the species’ polyploid origin.

Genetic diversity and morphological variability in Polygonum aviculare s.l. (Polygonaceae) of Iran

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 233 (2) ◽  
pp. 166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samaneh Mosaferi ◽  
Masoud Sheidai ◽  
Maryam Keshavarzi ◽  
Zahra Noormohammdai
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Gene Exchange ◽  
Consensus Tree ◽  
Polygonum Aviculare ◽  
Molecular Investigation ◽  
Variable Species ◽  
Issr Molecular Markers ◽  
Positive Significant Correlation

A molecular investigation was carried out on the variable species Polygonum aviculare using 109 plants from 12 Iranian populations. ISSR molecular markers were used for genetic study. AMOVA and Gst analyses revealed a high genetic variability both within and among populations. Mantel test showed positive significant correlation between genetic and geographical distance of populations. Structure and K-Means clustering revealed stratification ingenetic characteristics of accessions. Networking and reticulation analyses showed some degree of gene exchange among populations. Consensus tree based on morphological and genetic data separated some of these populations from the others suggesting the existence of new taxa within this species.

Life history and taxonomy of two populations of ligulate Desmarestia (Phaeophyceae) from Chile

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 2948-2954 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Ramirez ◽  
D. G. Müller ◽  
A. F. Peters
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Life History ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Southern Chile ◽  
Northeast Pacific ◽  
Laboratory Cultures ◽  
Monoecious Population ◽  
Two Populations

Two populations of broad-bladed (ligulate) Desmarestia from central and southern Chile were studied in laboratory cultures. They differ in sporophyte morphology and gametophyte characters (monoecism versus dioecism). The dioecious population is found to be related to D. firma from South Africa and D. munda from the northeast Pacific, while the taxonomic status of the broad-bladed monoecious population is left undetermined. In both populations sporophytes originate after fertilization as well as by apomixis. Chromosome numbers alternate between ca. 23 and ca. 46. Evidence is presented that spermatozoids of the dioecious Desmarestia can develop into sporophytes (androgenesis or ephebogenesis).

Taxonomic status of two populations of Bent-toed Geckos of the Cyrtodactylus irregularis complex (Squamata: Gekkonidae) with description of a new species from Nui Chua National Park, southern Vietnam

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4403 (2) ◽  
pp. 307 ◽  
Author(s):  
OLIVIER S. G. PAUWELS ◽  
ROMAN A. NAZAROV ◽  
VLADIMIR V. BOBROV ◽  
NIKOLAY A. POYARKOV
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Southern Vietnam ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
A New Species

Based on genetic, morphological and chromatical comparisons we evaluate the taxonomic status of two southern Vietnamese forest-dwelling populations of the Cyrtodactylus irregularis species complex. We confirm the allocation of the population from Binh Chau—Phuoc Buu Nature Reserve (Ba Ria—Vung Tau Province) to C. cattienensis and we describe the population of Nui Chua National Park (Ninh Thuan Province) as Cyrtodactylus sangi sp. nov. This brings to 18 the number of species within the C. irregularis complex and to 41 the number of described Cyrtodactylus species recorded from Vietnam. 

Sedimentological and Geochemical Charectesization of Manaveli and Cuddalore Formations, Puducherry Basin, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-130
Author(s):  
Shyam Narayan Mude ◽  
Shyam Yawale ◽  
Vishal Choudhari
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Source Area ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Sieve Analysis ◽  
Element Geochemistry ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Chemical Index

Sedimentological and Geochemical Charectesization  of Manaveli and Cuddalore Formations, Puducherry Basin, India   Shyam N. Mude, Shyam Yawale and Vishal Choudhari   Department of Geology, Fergusson College (Autonomous), Pune- 411004, India Email: [email protected]; [email protected]   Abstract: The lithostratigraphically rocks of Puducherry basin (Sub-basin of Cauvery Basin) have been classified as Valudavur, Mettuveli, Karasur, Manaveli, Cuddalore formations in ascending order of deposition. The sedimentological and geochemical studies of sediments from Manavali (Paleocene) and Cuddalore (Mio-Pliocene) formations were carried out to understand grain size variation and distribution of major oxides and trace elements.  The sieve analysis was used to study grain size variation and on the basis of grain sizes various geo-statistical parameters were calculated to understand depositional environment. The discriminant function analysis of the sediments from the Cuddalore Formation infers that mostly the sedimentation was occurred in fluvio-deltaic environment with incursions of shallow marine environment whereas bivariate plots suggests that the deposition was occurred in riverine to deltaic environment. The major element geochemistry of the Manaveli and Cuddalore formations have been carried out to understand the provenance, paleoclimate and source area weathering conditions. The values of CIA (Chemical Index of Alteration), CIW (Chemical Index of Weathering), ICV (Index of Compositional Variability) and PIA (Plagioclase Index of Alteration) of the sediments infer high weathering was occurred in source area of sediments for Manaveli and Cuddalore formations.  The ratio (Al2O3+K2O+Na2O)/SiO2 indicate semi-humid climatic conditions during deposition of Cuddalore Formation whereas Manaveli Formation was deposited in semi-arid climatic conditions. The discriminant function diagram (A-CN-K Plot), suggest Quartzose sedimentary provenance for Cuddalore and Mafic igneous provenance for Manaveli Formation.     Keywords:  Grain Size, Geochemistry, Manaveli, Cuddalore, Puducherry Basin

Electrophoretic characterization of Solomon Islands populations of Nyctimene and Rousettus (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae).

2003 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Macaranas ◽  
D Colgan ◽  
S Ingleby
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Allozyme Data ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Bismarck Archipelago ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Two Populations

The taxonomic status of fruitbats belonging to the genera Nyctimene and Rousettus from the Solomon Islands was investigated using allozyme electrophoresis. Two populations from the Bismarck Archipelago (Papua New Guinea) were included as reference profiles. The allozyme data at 23 loci assigned all specimens into either Nyctimene albiventer or Nyctimene major. The N. albiventer specimens comprised two subspecies, N. a. papuanus from the Bismarck Archipelago and N. a. bougainville from the Solomon Islands. No support was evident for bougainville being a separate species, and indeed the data suggest that N. a. bougainville encompasses the previously described species N. malaita and subspecies N. a. minor. Genetic distances between populations of R. amplexicaudatus from the Bismarck Archipelago and the Solomon Islands were generally low, supporting recent morphological assessments that the subspecies hedigeri, from the majority of the Solomon Islands, should be considered synonymous with subspecies brachyotis. An individual from Choiseul (Solomon Islands) with a distinctive allozyme profile is the only evidence of taxonomic complexity in R. amplexicaudatus.

scholarly journals Bee-Mediated Selection Favors Floral Sex Specialization in a Heterantherous Species: Strategies to Solve the Pollen Dilemma

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1685
Author(s):  
Larissa C. Oliveira ◽  
Alberto L. Teixido ◽  
Renata Trevizan ◽  
Vinícius L. G. Brito
Keyword(s):  
Floral Morphology ◽  
Pollen Dispersal ◽  
Fitness Components ◽  
Selection Gradients ◽  
Selective Pressures ◽  
Pollen Removal ◽  
Broad Variation ◽  
Phenotypic Gender ◽  
Pollen Flowers ◽  
Two Populations

Animal-pollinated plants show a broad variation in floral morphology traits and gametophyte production within populations. Thus, floral traits related to plant reproduction and sexuality are usually exposed to pollinator-mediated selection. Such selective pressures may be even stronger in heterantherous and pollen flowers, in which pollen contributes to both bee feeding and pollination, overcoming the “pollen dilemma” or the inability to perform both functions simultaneously. We describe the phenotypic gender and sexual organ morphology of flowers in two populations of Macairea radula (Melastomataceae), a heterantherous and buzz-pollinated species with pollen flowers. We estimated selection gradients on these traits through female and male fitness components. Both populations showed sizeable phenotypic gender variation, from strict hermaphrodites to increased femaleness or maleness. We found a continuous variation in style and stamen size, and this variation was correlated with corresponding shape values of both sexual organs. We detected bee-mediated selection towards short and long styles through seed number and towards intermediate degrees of heteranthery through pollen removal in one population, and selection towards increased maleness through pollen dispersal in both populations. Our results suggest that bee-mediated selection favors floral sex specialization and stylar dimorphism in M. radula, optimizing reproductive success and solving the pollen dilemma.

scholarly journals Genetic Variability and Taxonomic Status of the Nihoa and Laysan Millerbirds

The Condor ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 954-962
Author(s):  
Robert C. Fleischer ◽  
Beth Slikas ◽  
Jon Beadell ◽  
Colm Atkins ◽  
Carl E. McINTOSH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Stochastic Effects ◽  
Mtdna Sequence ◽  
Species Pairs ◽  
Two Populations

Abstract The Millerbird (Acrocephalus familiaris) is an endemic Northwestern Hawaiian Islands reed warbler that existed until about 1923 on Laysan Island (A. f. familiaris) and currently occurs in a small population on Nihoa Island (A. f. kingi). The two populations are described as separate subspecies or species on the basis of size and plumage differences. We assessed genetic variation in blood samples from 15 individuals in the modern Nihoa population using approximately 3000 base pairs (bp) of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence and 14 microsatellite loci. We also obtained up to 1028 bp of mtDNA sequence from the fragmented DNA of museum specimens of three birds collected on Nihoa in 1923 and five birds collected on Laysan in 1902 and 1911 (ancient samples). Genetic variation in both marker types was extremely low in the modern Nihoa population (nucleotide diversity [π]  =  0.00005 for mtDNA sequences; observed heterozygosity was 7.2% for the microsatellite loci). In contrast, we found three mtDNA haplotypes among the five Laysan individuals (π  =  0.0023), indicating substantially greater genetic variation. The Nihoa and Laysan taxa differed by 1.7% uncorrected mtDNA sequence divergence, a magnitude that would support designation at the subspecies, and perhaps species, level relative to other closely related Acrocephalus species pairs. However, in light of strong ecological similarity between the two taxa, and a need to have additional populations to prevent extinction from stochastic effects and catastrophes, we believe these genetic differences should not deter a potential translocation of individuals from Nihoa to Laysan.

Taxonomic status of Protankyra ramiurna and Protankyra benedeni (Holothuroidea: Apodida: Synaptidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4324 (3) ◽  
pp. 518 ◽  
Author(s):  
JÉSSICA PRATA ◽  
MICHELA BORGES ◽  
CYNTHIA L. C. MANSO ◽  
MARTIN LINDSEY CHRISTOFFERSEN
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
First Record ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Single Variable ◽  
Variable Species

This study presents a review of the species Protankyra ramiurna Heding, 1928 and Protankyra benedeni (Ludwig, 1881) from the Brazilian coast. Some authors consider that these two taxa represent a single variable species. Our comparative analysis of external characters, anatomy and ossicle morphology indicates that they represent distinct species. This is the first record of Protankyra ramiurna from Brazil. 

A multivariate approach to plant mineral nutrition: dose–response relationships and nutrient dominance in factorial experiments

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 2138-2143 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Shaver ◽  
M. J. Lechowicz
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
Canonical Variates Analysis ◽  
Canonical Variates ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
High Fertilization ◽  
K Fertilization

Canonical variates analysis was used to compare the effects of fertilization on the concentrations of five mineral elements (N, P, K, Ca, and Mg) in young shoot tissues of six tundra plant species of three different growth forms. There were two specific objectives: (i) to determine whether it was possible to describe meaningful dose–response relationships in a multivariate response to fertilization, and (ii) to determine the multivariate effect of N plus P fertilization in comparison with the effects of N or P added alone. The results showed that low levels of N–P–K fertilization caused a shift in multivariate nutrient content that was intermediate between the control values and the shift caused by high fertilization, and in the same direction as the latter. In a June harvest, the effect of N plus P fertilization was very similar to the effect of N fertilization alone. However, in August the N plus P effect was dominated by the response to P alone. In all of the analyses, the fundamental similarities and differences among unfertilized plants of each species and growth form were maintained under fertilization.

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